1 An Introduction to Word classes
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| Phrase Type Head Typical Complements Examples Noun Phrase (NP) noun PP respect for human rights clause the realisation that nothing has changed Verb Phrase (VP) verb NP clause PP David plays the piano They realised that nothing has changed She looked at the moon Adjective Phrase (AP) adjective clause PP easy to read fond of biscuits Adverb Phrase (AdvP) adverb PP luckily for me Prepositional Phrase PP) preposition NP PP in the room from behind the wall Adverb phrases are very limited in the Complements they can take. In fact, they generally occur without any Complement. Noun phrases which take Complements generally have an abstract noun as their Head, and they often have a verbal counterpart the pursuit of happiness we pursue happiness their belief in ghosts they believe in ghosts the realisation that nothing has changed they realise that nothing has changed 13.3 Adjuncts in Phrases The term "Complement" is not simply another word for the "post-Head string" -- post-Head strings are not always Complements. This is because the post-Head string is not always required to complete the meaning of the Head. Consider NP My sister, who will be twenty next week has got anew job. Here the relative clause who will be twenty next week is certainly a post-Head string, but it is not a Complement. Notice that it contributes additional but optional information about the Head sister. In this example, the post-Head string is an ADJUNCT. Like the other Adjuncts we looked at earlier, it contributes additional, optional information. Adjuncts can occur in all the phrase types, and they may occur both before and after the Head. The following table shows examples of each type Download 0.88 Mb. Share with your friends:
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