Table 11 lists the top states in the nation for number of tornadoes, fatalities and injuries caused by tornado events, and accumulated dollar damages (adjusted for inflation by the consumer price index). Louisiana ranks within the top 20 states in the nation for all four categories, indicating that it has a relatively high likelihood for occurrences and damages.
Tornadoes,_Fatalities,_Injuries,_and_Damages,_1950_to_1994'>Table 11: Top 20 States for Number of Tornadoes, Fatalities, Injuries, and Damages, 1950 to 1994
Tornadoes
|
Fatalities
|
Injuries
|
CPI adjusted dollars
|
Rank
|
State
|
Number
|
Rank
|
State
|
Number
|
Rank
|
State
|
Number
|
Rank
|
State
|
Number
|
1
|
Texas
|
5490
|
1
|
Texas
|
475
|
1
|
Texas
|
7452
|
1
|
Texas
|
$1,955,927,552
|
2
|
Oklahoma
|
2300
|
2
|
Mississippi
|
386
|
2
|
Mississippi
|
5344
|
2
|
Indiana
|
$1,648,654,336
|
3
|
Kansas
|
2110
|
3
|
Arkansas
|
279
|
3
|
Alabama
|
4483
|
3
|
Kansas
|
$1,212,980,480
|
4
|
Florida
|
2009
|
4
|
Alabama
|
275
|
4
|
Ohio
|
4156
|
4
|
Georgia
|
$1,117,426,176
|
5
|
Nebraska
|
1673
|
5
|
Michigan
|
237
|
5
|
Arkansas
|
3697
|
5
|
Oklahoma
|
$1,065,659,392
|
6
|
Iowa
|
1374
|
6
|
Indiana
|
218
|
6
|
Indiana
|
3641
|
6
|
Minnesota
|
$1,015,354,624
|
7
|
Missouri
|
1166
|
7
|
Oklahoma
|
217
|
7
|
Illinois
|
3599
|
7
|
Ohio
|
$965,464,832
|
8
|
South Dakota
|
1139
|
8
|
Kansas
|
199
|
8
|
Michigan
|
3214
|
8
|
Illinois
|
$823,819,264
|
9
|
Illinois
|
1137
|
9
|
Illinois
|
182
|
9
|
Oklahoma
|
3184
|
9
|
Missouri
|
$739,382,784
|
10
|
Colorado
|
1113
|
10
|
Tennessee
|
181
|
10
|
Georgia
|
2662
|
10
|
Iowa
|
$709,211,904
|
11
|
Louisiana
|
1086
|
11
|
Ohio
|
173
|
11
|
Florida
|
2594
|
11
|
Nebraska
|
$632,463,872
|
12
|
Mississippi
|
1039
|
12
|
Missouri
|
155
|
12
|
Tennessee
|
2592
|
12
|
Massachusetts
|
$617,793,280
|
13
|
Georgia
|
888
|
13
|
Louisiana
|
134
|
13
|
Kentucky
|
2333
|
13
|
Pennsylvania
|
$615,033,088
|
14
|
Alabama
|
886
|
14
|
Georgia
|
111
|
14
|
Kansas
|
2267
|
14
|
Alabama
|
$609,664,768
|
15
|
Indiana
|
886
|
15
|
Kentucky
|
105
|
15
|
Missouri
|
2252
|
15
|
Louisiana
|
$593,237,248
|
16
|
Arkansas
|
854
|
16
|
Massachusetts
|
99
|
16
|
Louisiana
|
2169
|
16
|
Mississippi
|
$541,601,536
|
17
|
Wisconsin
|
844
|
17
|
Wisconsin
|
94
|
17
|
North Carolina
|
1778
|
17
|
Arkansas
|
$516,939,264
|
18
|
Minnesota
|
832
|
18
|
Minnesota
|
87
|
18
|
Iowa
|
1774
|
18
|
Florida
|
$498,256,384
|
19
|
North Dakota
|
799
|
19
|
Florida
|
82
|
19
|
Minnesota
|
1707
|
19
|
Wisconsin
|
$410,756,864
|
20
|
Michigan
|
712
|
20
|
North Carolina
|
81
|
20
|
Wisconsin
|
1442
|
20
|
Connecticut
|
$385,388,800
|
Source: Storm Prediction Center, National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration, www.spc.noaa.gov/archive/tornadoes/st-rank.html
|
Tornado intensity is measured by the Fujita Tornado Scale. The Fujita Tornado Measurement Scale, shown in Table 12, determines likely wind speeds based on the severity of tornado damage and assigns a scale category, F0 through F5. The table below shows the tornado category, corresponding wind speed, types of damage possible, and the number of tornadoes per category that Louisiana has experienced between 1950 and 2002. Tornado occurrence and intensities by parish can be found in Appendix F.
Table 12: Fujita Tornado Measurement Scale and Frequencies in Louisiana
Category
|
Wind Speed
|
Examples of Possible Damage
|
Number in Louisiana
|
% of LA Tornadoes
|
F0
|
Gale
(40-72 mph)
|
Light damage. Some damage to chimneys; break branches off trees; push over shallow-rooted trees; damage to sign boards.
|
321
|
22%
|
F1
|
Moderate
(73-112 mph)
|
Moderate damage. Surface peeled off roofs; mobile homes pushed off foundations or overturned; moving autos pushed off roads.
|
698
|
48%
|
F2
|
Significant
(113-157 mph)
|
Considerable damage. Roofs torn off frame houses; mobile homes demolished; boxcars pushed over; large trees snapped or uprooted; light-object missiles generated.
|
292
|
20%
|
F3
|
Severe
(158-206 mph)
|
Severe damage. Roofs and some walls torn off well-constructed houses; trains overturned; most trees in forest uprooted; cars lifted off ground and thrown.
|
132
|
9%
|
F4
|
Devastating
(207-260 mph)
|
Devastating damage. Well-constructed houses leveled; structures with weak foundations blown off some distance; cars thrown and large missiles generated.
|
18
|
1%
|
F5
|
Incredible
(261-318 mph)
|
Incredible damage. Strong frame houses lifted off foundations and carried considerable distance to disintegrate; automobile-sized missiles fly through the air in excess of 100-yards; trees debarked; incredible phenomena will occur.
|
2
|
0.1%
|
Total tornadoes in Louisiana, 1950-2002
|
1463
|
|
Source: Storm Event Database. National Climatic Data Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwEvent~Storms.
|
The history of tornadoes from 1950 to 2002 shows that Louisiana averages 24-29 tornadoes a year. The majority of reported tornadoes (1019, about 70%) have been at the F0 to F1 levels.
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