CIVILIAN RESISTANCE DOES NOT RELY MERELY ON GUILT Robert P. Churchill. Nuclear Arms as a Philosophical and Moral Issue Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Vol. 469, Nuclear Armament and Disarmament (Sep, 1983), pp. 46-57. p. 57. Walzer has objected that while nuclear deterrence depends upon inspiring fear in the adversary, in nonviolent defense the adversary would experience no fear, but at best only guilt, shame, and remorse. "The success of the defense would be entirely dependent upon the moral convictions and sensibilities of the enemy soldiers But this presumption appears mistaken. First, it has been noted that inhibitions of apolitical, social, and cultural nature are normally more decisive than fear in holding back the hand on the trigger Second, there is no reason to suppose that nonviolent deterrence must depend more than nuclear deterrence upon the moral sensibilities of the adversary. All deterrence policies must depend upon the adversary's calculations that the costs of aggression would outweigh the benefits, and this would be true no less for nonviolent defense than for nuclear deterrence.
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