1952 International Events



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1974

  • International Events

    • House Judiciary Committee holds televised impeachment hearings against President Nixon. He is charged with conspiracy to obstruct justice in Watergate cover-up, failure to fulfill his oath through abuses of power, and unconstitutional defiance of Committee subpoenas. House recommends three articles of impeachment.

    • President Nixon resigns and is succeeded by Gerald Ford. Rockefeller becomes vice president.

    • President Ford issues unconditional pardon to Nixon for all federal crimes he may have committed as president.

    • U.S. ends wage and price controls.

    • Federal judge dismisses charges against Indian leaders who participated in takeover at Wounded Knee.

    • Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) is charged with foreign and domestic abuse of power.

    • President Ford proposes conditional amnesty to draft evaders and deserters of Vietnam.

    • Gasoline shortage places hardships on Americans through winter months. Year-round Daylight Savings Time is adopted into law to save fuel.

    • U.S. is hit by a recession.

  • Music in the U.S.

    • Centennial of Charles Ives is celebrated throughout U.S. in performances of and lectures about his music.

    • Ned Rorem composes The Final Diary, establishing himself as a major conservative voice.

    • Donald Martino’s septet Notturno for two woodwinds, two strings, piano, and percussion receives Pulitzer Prize.

    • John Harbison composes opera Winter’s Tales after Shakespeare play.

    • Duke Ellington dies.

    • French-American composer Darius Milhaud dies.

  • American Wind Band Music

    • Warren Benson composes The Passing Bell in memory of Luther College Band student

    • Eric Stokes writes The Continental Harp and Band Report as part of Minnesota Orchestra’s Bicentennial commissioning program.

    • Frank Zappa composes Dog Breath Variations.

    • Jonathan Elkus transcribes Ives’ Old Home Days suits=e for band.

    • Adolphus Hailstork composes Out of Depths.

    • James Sclater’s Visions receives ABA/Ostwald Award.

    • First National High School Wind Ensemble Conference takes place in Long Island, New York.

    • Brion programs all-Grainger, all-Ives, and all-Holst band concerts at Yale University, following “al’-single composer” models set by Thomas.

    • Schuman writes Prelude for a Great Occasion for brass and percussion.


1975

  • International Events

    • Mitchell, Erlichman, and Hadleman are found guilty of perjury, conspiracy, and obstruction of justice in Watergate cover-up. They are given prison terms

    • U.S. evacuates troops, civilians, and refugees from South Vietnam. Congress appropriates $405 million to aid Vietnamese refugees

    • US cuts off economic and military aid to Turkey because of their occupation of Cyprus.

    • Cambodian Communist forces fire on and seize US merchant ship Mayagueze in Gulf of Siam

    • IRS and SEC investigate US corporations for illegal political contributions, foreign and domestic

    • Two assassination attempts are made against President Ford in California

    • FBI agents capture Patty Hearst, daughter of publisher Randolph Hearst, who was kidnapped in 1974 by SLA terrorist group

    • Union leader Jimmy Hoffa mysteriously disappears. FBI begins search

    • Viking 1 and Viking 2 are launched and on schedule to arrive on Mars in one year.

  • Music in the United States

    • Dominick Argento’s opera from the Diary of Virginia Woolf wins the Pulitzer Prize in Music

    • Crumb composes Makrokosmos II

    • American premiere of Berlioz’s opera Benvenuto Cellini in Boston

    • Country music legend Willie Nelson achieves crossover success with rock-like festivals and album Red Headed Stranger

    • New Music Consort of New York is Organized

    • Schuman writes The Young Dead Soldiers for soprano, horn, woodwinds, and strings

  • American Wind Band Music

    • William Schuman sets final movement of New England Trypitch, Be Glad Then America, for band

    • John Paulson composes aleatoric work, based on Ancient Greek war chant Epinicion.

    • Monte Tubb writes colorful Intermezzo

    • Howard Hanson composes Laude: Chorale, Variations, and Metamorphosis

    • Clifton Williams composes final work for band, Caccia and Chorale commissioned by University of Wisconsin Stevens Point.

    • Norman Dello Joio writes Satiric Dances (for a comedy of Aristophanes) on commission for Concord, Massachusetts’ Bicentennial celebration

    • Robert Paniero’s Jubiloso receives ABA/Ostwald Award

    • Harvard University commissions Peter Schickele’s Grand Serenade for an Awful Lot of Winds and Percussion

1976

  • International Events

    • US celebrates bicentennial of its independence

    • US intelligence agencies are charged with unlawful investigation, and surveillance of citizens

    • US vetoes admission of Vietnam to UN saying Hanoi government failed to account for 800 US servicemen missing in action

    • Jimmy Carter and Walter Mondale are elected president and VP, respectively

    • US and USSR sign treaty limiting size of underground nuclear explosions

    • Viking 1 and Viking 2 land on Mars and send information about planet’s surface

    • American life expectancy for white women is 79.2 years, non-white women is 72; white men is 67.4; non-white men is 62

    • Women win thirteen of 32 Rhodes Scholarships awarded to Americans, the first time the scholarship is open to them

  • Music in the US

    • Ned Rorem receives Pulitzer Prize for orchestral suite Air Music

    • David Del Tredici wins Pulizter Prize for Final Alice based on Alice in Wonderland tale for amplified soprano and “folk or rock group” and very large orchestra

    • Philip Glass’ minimalistic opera Einstein on the Beach sells out NY’s Met

    • Fats Waller’s music appears on Broadway musical Ain’t Misbehavin

    • Gian Carlo Menotti produces the opera The Hero in Philadelphia

    • Robert Ashley documents musical personalities of composers in set of video portraits, Music with Roots in the Aether. Composers include: Ashely, Glass, Riley, Behrman, and Oliveros

    • Gould completes Symphony of Spirituals and American Ballads

  • American Wind Band Music

    • Karel Husa composes An American Te Deum for band and chorus

    • Yale University Band under Keith Brion presents all-Ives concert at Concertgebow in Amsterdam

    • Third and fourth Continental Artillery Army band is resurrected for bicentennial

    • JC Penny gives collection of American music to school ensembles throughout the US as part of American Bicentennial celebration. Band works include Nixon’s Music for a Civic Celebration, Hewitt’s The Battle of Trenton, Herbert’s The Gold Bug, and Gilmore’s Norwich Cadets

    • Clifton Williams dies; composed 30 works for band

    • Netherlands Wind Ensemble conducted by Edo de Waart tours US

    • Hanson writes Laude, Chorale, Variations, and Metamorphoses for band

1977

  • International Events

    • Pres. Carter makes human rights part of US foreign policy

    • US imports exceed exports by $26.72 billion, largest in history

    • High oil consumption makes energy conservation necessary during nationwide energy crisis

    • Congress creates new Cabinet-level Department of Energy. James Schlesinger is first secretary

    • Travel bans on US citizens to Cuba, Vietnam, Cambodia, and North Korea are lifted

    • African American Thomas Bradley, mayor of LA since 1973, is reelected

    • Nearly 20 million Americans are involved in some sort of spiritualism: transcendental meditation, yoga, charismatic movements, mysticism, or Eastern Religions

  • Music in the US

    • Michael Colgrass receives Pulitzer prize for his collage work for percussion quartet and orchestra, Déjà Vu.

    • John Williams composes Star Wars music

    • Elvis dies

    • Robert Wernick receives Pulitzer Prize for orchestral work Visions of Wonder and Terror

    • Annie, based on comic strip Little Orphan Annie, opens on Broadway

    • Robert Ashley composes unconventional video Perfect Lives (Private Parts), 1977-1983

    • Morton Subotnick, one of first to work with analog synthesizers, composes Two Life Histories with real-time electronics

  • American Wind Band Music

    • 1979 Pulitzer Prize winning composer John Schwantner writes … and the mountains rising nowhere

    • Verne Reynolds composes Scenes Revisited

    • 1966 Pulitzer Prize winning composer Leslie Bassett composes Sounds, Shapes, and Symbols

    • William Hill’s Dances Sacred and Profane wins ABA/Ostwald Award

    • Howard Hanson composes Symphony no 7, Sea Symphony, transcribing it for band and chorus for 50th anniversary of Inerlochen in memory of founder Joseph Maddy.

    • Henry Brand writes An American Debate for two vying wind ensembles

    • Cindy McTee composes her first work for wind ensemble, Sonic Shades

1978

  • International Events

    • FCC urges TV industry to provide a reasonable number of children’s shows, including educational programs. US and Communist China establish full diplomatic relations

    • Carter calls for voluntary anti-inflation program

    • CA voters approve Proposition 13, cutting property taxes and reducing state revenues from $12 billion to $5 billion. Education programs are severely cut

    • Carter signs law making 70 the mandatory retirement age for most Americans

  • Music in the US

    • Eubie Blake’s music is featured in Broadway musical Eubie

    • Krzystof Penderecki produces opera Paradise Lost in Chicago

    • John Adams composes Shaker Loops for string septet

    • Michael Colgrass premieres Something’s Gonna Happen, a fanciful children’s opera based on Jack and the Beanstalk

    • Seiji Ozawa becomes first non-Chinese conductor of China’s Central Philharmonic Orchestra

    • Recording of Steve Reich’s Music for 18 Musicians sells more than 20,000 copies within a year

  • American Wind Band Music

    • Zdenek Lukas composes Musica Boema for Mich. State University Wind Ensemble. Political intrigue and Communist wire-tapping delay performances of this landmark work in US and Czech Republic

    • Ross Lee Finney writes Skating on the Sheyenne, sequel to Summer in Valley City

    • Warren Benson composes Ginger Marmalade, double canon for young band with contemporary compositional techniques.

    • James Barnes wins ABA/Ostwald Award for Symphony, op. 35

    • Robert Garafalo recreates Civil War Brass Band, Heritage Americana, 1978-1988

    • Yale University Band, Keith Brion conductor, presents Sousa re-creation concert

1979

  • International Events

    • US annual rate of inflation is 13.3 percent, highest in 33 yrs.

    • Supreme Court upholds voluntary Affirmative Action programs

    • Large anti-nuclear rallies are held in DC and NYC

    • Dept of Energy sues nine US oil companies for allegedly over-charging customers nearly $1 billion since 1973

    • New Cabinet-level Dept of Education is established with Shirley Hufstdler as its first secretary

    • Castro visits US for first time in 19 yrs, addressing UN general assembly

    • Jane Byrne becomes first woman to be elected mayor of Chicago

    • Viking 1 discovers Jupiter has a ring and 14th moon. Pioneer 11 discovers 2 new moons and 2 new rings around Saturn

    • Bob Woodward and Scott Armstrong publish The Brethren, an inside look at the Supreme Court

  • Music in the US

    • Joseph Schwantner receives Pulitzer Prize for symphonic poem Aftertones of Infinity.

    • Stephen Sondheim produces operatic musical Theater work Sweeny Todd, the Demon Barber of Fleet Street

    • John Harbison’s opera Full Moon in March is premiered

    • Jacob Druckman completes orchestral work Aureole

    • Gunther Schuller challenges music profession in Tanglewood speech. He criticizes absentee music directors, the workman-like mentality of players, and the meddling of boards and administration in artistic matters. This speech makes him many enemies and costs him numerous commissions and engagements

    • Album sales drop in US for first time in 25 yrs

    • Morton Feldman composes Concerto for Violin and Orchestra

    • Revival of Okalahoma! is a smash hit on Broadway.

    • Fad for disco fades away, replaced by grittier aspects of funk

  • American Wind Band Music

    • Frederick Fennell completes landmark “first digital recording by large ensemble” with members of the Cleveland Orchestra, the Cleveland Winds, and Telarc Recordings (1978-79)

    • Alec Wilder composes Serenade for Winds

    • John Harbison composes Wind Quintet

    • No ABA/Ostwald Award given

1980

  • International Events

    • US negotiates for release of Americans held hostage by Iranians in Tehran. US rescue mission fails with plane helicopter collision in Iranian desert

    • US population is 226.5 million

    • Carter signs Crude Oil Windfall Profits Tax, largest tax ever imposed on an industry

    • Chrysler corporation receives govt guaranteed $400 million loan.

    • Congress overrides Carter’s veto and rejects proposal for $4.62 levy on each barrel of imported oil. This is first overriding veto by Congress controlled by president’s party since 1952.

    • Regan and Bush elected president and VP, respectively

    • World’s largest oil rig, Shell’s “Cognac” off-shore drilling platform, begins operations off coast of Louisiana

    • House of Representatives expels Congressman Michael J Myers, first such expulsion from the House since the Civil War

  • Music in the US

    • David Del Tredici earns the Pulitzer Prize in Music with In Memory of a Summer Day for soprano and orchestra

    • Jacob Druckman composes Prism, including operatic music of Charpentier, Cavalli, and Cherubini, expressing a “new Romantacism”

    • Jazz trumpeter Wynton Marsalis of New Orleans bursts onto national scene with musical family

    • Steve Riley’s CBS recording Shri Camel reasserts his presence in American music

    • Philip Glass completes Part II of his operatic trilogy Satyagraha: Gandhi in South Africa, 1893-1914

    • Peter Garland composes Amerindian – and Mexican influenced works

    • John Corigliano composes film score Altered State, winning an Academy award nomination

    • John Adams composes Harmonium (1980-81)

    • Robert Washburn is commissioned to compose music for Lake Placid Winter Olympic Games

    • Eugene Ormandy ends 44 year tenure as musical director of Philadelphia Orchestra

    • Academy Award-winning composer and conductor John Williams is appointed musical director of Boston Pops, succeeding lat Arthur Fiedler

  • American Wind Band Music

    • William Kraft composes Dialogues and Entertainments

    • Pulitzer Prize winning composer Mario Davidovksy is commissioned by CBDNA to write Consorts, premiered at 1981 National Conference in Ann Arbor

    • Gunther Schuller composes trombone concerto, Eine Kleine Posaunemusik

    • Joseph Schwantner writes From a Dark Millennium, companion music to … and the mountains rising nowhere

    • James Curnow receives ABA/Ostwald Award for Mutanza

    • Timothy Broege pens Streets and Inroads

1981

  • International Events

    • 52 US Hostages freed by Iran. In return, US Agrees to relase $8 billion in frozen Iranian assets

    • President Reagan is shot and wounded by John Hinckley in Washington.

    • Sandra Day O’Connor is first woman justice on U.S. Supreme Court

    • 9,700 immigrants are sworn in as US citizens in LA in largest naturalization ceremony ever held.

    • IBM introduces the personal computer (PC)

  • Music in the United States

    • John Tower composes landmark orchestral work Sequoia.

    • John Adams sets poetry of John Donne and Emily Dickinson in Harmonium for chorus and orchestra.

    • Karel Husa completes ballet The Trojan Women

    • Champion of American music Howard Hanson dies in Rochester.

    • Steve Riley sets music to words for first time with Tebillum.

    • Diamanda Galas composes experimental theatrical works, including Wild Women With Steak Knives.

    • Laurie Anderson’s recording O Superman is epitome of performance art.

    • Music of Duke Ellington is featured in Broadway musical Sophisticated Ladies.

    • The Rolling Stones play for 2 million fans in smash U.S. tour.

    • Schuller writes In Praise of Winds for woodwinds.

  • American Wind Band Music

    • National Public Radio broadcasts series of thirteen one hour wind band/wind ensemble concert programs entitled Windworks hosted by Fred Calland with commentary by Frderick Fennell. Windworks is chosen US entry for Prix Italia.

    • University of Michigan commissions Gunther Schuller’s Symphony no. 3, In Praise of Winds.

    • David Maslanka writes his first work for wind ensemble, A Child’s Garden of Dreams.

    • Anthony Iannaccone composes After a Gentle Rain.

    • Ernest Krenek composes Dream Sequence, op. 224.

    • James Barnes’ Visions Macabre wins ABA/oStwald Award.

    • World Association of Symphonic Band Ensembles (WASBE) is established in Manchester, England.

1982

  • International Events

    • President Reagne orders embargo on Libyan oil in move to check international terrorism.

    • Reagan proposes US and Soviet Union reduce nuclear arsenals by one-third.

    • Federal judge in Arkansas rules it unconstitutional to require schools to teach creationism if theory of education is taught.

    • Reagan orders reinstatement of US military draft registrations for eighteen year olds.

    • Medical history is made at University of Utah Medical Center when an artifical heart designed by Robert Jarvik is successfully implanted.

  • Music in the US

    • John Adam initiates historic opera, Nixon in China, director Peter Sellars, which runs from 1982-1987, is based on Nixon’s 1972 visit.

    • British musical Cats by Andrew Lloyd Weber, based on Old Possum’s Book of Practical Cats, opens on Broadway.

    • Roger Sessions is awarded Pulitzer Prize for Concerto for Orchestra.

    • Stephen Paulus completes lyric opera The Postman Always Rings Twice.

    • “The Message” by Grandmaster Flash and the furious Five is hip-hop rap evoking pos-industrial oppression.

  • American Wind Band Music

    • Kasrel Husa composes Concerto for Wind Ensemble.

    • Adolphus Hailstork composes American Guernica, graphically depiciting Mississippi church burning and deaths of four black girls.

    • David Holsinger receives ABA/OStwald Award for Armies of the Omnipresent Otserf.

    • John Adams writes Grand Pianola Music for two pianos, two singers, and chamber winds.

1983

  • International Events

    • President Reagan describes Soviet Union as “Evil Empire” in speech in which he also opposes nuclear arms freeze. Reagan proposes anti-ballistic missle system, dubbed “Star Wards”, costing billions of dollars.

    • Expert panel finds nation’s educational standards “are eroded by rising tide of mediocrity”, threatening the nation’s future.

    • Martin Luther King’s birthday is declared national holiday.

    • Health officials assure the public there is little risk of catching AIDS via blood transfusions.

  • Music in the US

    • Ellen Zwilich is first woman to win Pulitzer Prize with Symphony 1.

    • Phillip Glass composes twelve-hour, five-act opera CIVIL wars; a tree is measured best when its down. Work is popular, but critics are befuddled.

    • Ned Rorem composes Whitman Cantata.

    • Daren Eric Hagen composes song cycle, Echo’s Song influenced by lyrical style of his mentor Ned Rorem.

    • Jacob Druckman writes of neo-Romantic movement in Horizons ’83.

    • David Hykes uses Tibetan-like multi-phonic vocal techniques in Current Circulation.

    • New York Metropolitain Opera celebrates 100th anniversary with eight-hour TV broadcast.

    • British rock stars Sing and Boy George tour US in what is known as second British invasion.

  • American Wind Band Music

    • First WASBE Conference is held in Skien, Norway.

    • Wareen Benson composes Symphony II-Lost Songs.

    • Ron Nelson composes Medieval Suite in Homage to Leonin, Perotin, and Machaut.

    • Martin Mailman’s Exaltations receives ABA/Ostwald Award.

    • Pierre LaPlante sets early American seaman’s hymn Prospect from Southern Harmony for school bands.

    • North American Brass Band Association is established to promote British-styled brass bands in US and Canada.

    • Gould writes Centennial Symphony, Gala for Band.

1984

  • International Events

    • President Reagan and Vice President Bush are reelected.

    • Civil Rights commission ends use of quotas in employment promotions for African Americans.

    • Nearly eighty banks fail, higher number since 1938.

    • Seven chemical firms agree to pay $180 million to Vietnam veterans if they drop claims related to Agent Orange.

    • Standard Oil of California buys Gulf Oil for $13 billion in biggest corporate merger to date.

  • Music in the US

    • Bernard Rand wins Pulitzer Prize for Canti del Sole for tenor and chamber ensemble.

    • The LA Summer Olympics open in Hollywood style with an enormous orchestra playing Gershwin’s Rhapsody in Blue with eighty four pianists, a massed marching band, gospel singers and break dancers.

    • Stephen Albert wins Pulitzer Prize for symphony River Run.

    • Philip Glass completes part III or his operatic trilogy Akhahten named for Egyptian pharaoh.

    • Pop star Michael Jackson wins eighth Grammy Awards. Thriller breaks all sales records, topping 37 million copies.

    • Frank Zappa responds to Pierre Boulez commission with The Perfect Stranger.

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