A fp7 Project: Management and Monitoring of Deep-sea Fisheries and Stocks wp2 – Template for Case Study Reports Case study 2 demersal deep-water mixed fishery Pascal Lorance, Ifremer, Nantes (coord.)
Management procedures at the stock level
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- Minimum landings size
- 6.2.2.Strengths and weakness of these procedures
- Weaknesses
- 6.2.3. Possible improvements
- 6.2.4. Alternative management options
6.2. Management procedures at the stock level6.2.1.Current procedures6.2.1 Please describe the management procedures currently in place. Target species of deep-water fishery are restricted by TACs set on a biennal basis, deep-water TACs species occurring in the ICES division Vb and XIIb and subareas VI and VII roundnose grenadier, black scabbardfish, orange roughy, deep-water sharks, greater forkbeard, alfonsiions and red seabream and blue ling. Since 2009, TACs for blue ling are set annually because the fishing opportunities for this species is included in the negociation with Norway and the Faeroe Islands. For these species (including blue ling), scientific advices are also delivered biannually by ICES. Alfonsions and red seabream are not caught to any significant level in ICES Divisions Vb and XIIb aand Subareas VI and VII Some additional data collection requirements for these stock are defined in the commission decision of 6 November 2008 adopting a multiannual Community programme pursuant to Council Regulation (EC) No 199/2008. TAC of all deep-water species have been reduced over time from 2003 to 2010 (table 6.2.1). Starting from 2010, TACs are set to zero for orange roughy and deep-water sharks. Tableau 6.2.1. Time-series of the main TACs (tonnes) of deep-water species exploited by the deep-water mixed fishery
Additional management procedures at stock level include:
Minimum landings sizeIn EU waters there are no minimum landings size for deep-water species. These are presumed inefficient because deep-water species are not considered to be able to survive the damages due to the fishing gear and handling on-board fishing vessels. Therefore, small individuals discarded at sea might not have any survival. Nevertheless there are minimum landings size in Faroese waters.There are minimum landing sizes of 60cm for blue ling and 40 cm for roundnose grenaider in the Faroes. Other deep-water species not considered in detail in this project are also managed with minimum landing size in Faeroese water: 28 cm for greater silver smelt, 60 cm for ling, 40 cm for tusk(ICES 2008c,2009a). The efficiency of minimum landing size is highly questionable for these species too. Gadoids species tend to be hauled on board with everted stomacs so that ling and blue ling are unlikely to survival when returned at sea. Roundnose grenadier are also strongly damaged when caught by trawlers, there are obvious trauma at eyes, stomacs are often everted and large areas of the fish body area usually scaleless. Contrarily, these may not apply to deep-water sharks, which tend to be brought on-board alive and not apparently damaged (see section 7). It is unclear whether these minimum landing sizes apply to all vessels, because EU vessels fishing in Faeroese waters are subject to discards bans so that the regulation applying to Faroese vessels and vessels from other countries may be different. 6.2.2.Strengths and weakness of these procedures6.2.2 What has been the strengths and weakness of these procedures? StrengthMisreporting into other areas of fish caught in excess of quotas hev been prevented from TACs set to zero or a very low level in areas where a given species was not known to occur or be caught at a significant level. This procedure was new in the EU context where historically TACs have been set where stock and exploitation occurred and there was no TAC in neighbopuring areas where a given species was not significant. The measures included in regulation n02347/2002 (licenses, designated harbours) might have been efficient to ease control. WeaknessesRegulation was introduced late after the beginning of fishing although it should be acknowledged that the process was fast compared to what happened for all shelf fisheries. For example, consider Case study 3a, red seabream, case of the Bay of Biscay stock. The stock collapsed in the early 1980s and was no regulation was introduced before 2003. It is unknown whether VMS was used for enforcement (concerning this fishery French vessels have been fishing in waters under the jurisdiction of Ireland and UK, any information, data that you have can access about the use of VMS for regulation purposes of this fishery by UK could be included here, I think). No or little review of sampling plans 6.2.3. Possible improvements6.2.3 How could they be improved? Address in WP2 review of management assssement and and monitoring in the NE Atlantic and WP2. Considering the green paper for the reform of the CFP, the involvement of stakeholders in the definition of mamangement procedure is weak and should be improved. TACs have been the primary management tools for deep-water fisheries as for all fisheries in EU waters. For deep-water fisheries there as been also a management of capacity and effort and a number of technical measures were implemented. Because the dynamics of deep-water species is slow, the effect of management on stock and fisheries might take more time than in shelf fisheries. In 2010, deep-water fisheries have been managed fro 7 years and the management constraints (TAC limitation, effort andd technical measures) have been increasing every year with some measures (i.e. 0 TAC for orange roughy and deep-water sharks and the ban on discarding) being implemented only for 2010 and other (i.e. spawning area closures for blue ling) for 2009. TACs for all species are in 2010 set at the lowest level since their introduction. Therefore, stocks cannot be considered at equilibrium with respect to TACs on other regulations. It may be argued that some stocks are currently improving owing to their regulation (Lorance et al. in press) but the evaluation of the effect of management measures is likely to lag some years after their implementation. TACs have the advantage of being straightforward to implement and control. In the case at hand, the number of vessels is small, vessels are licensed, they land in designated harbours. Fishing trips are long (7 to 11 days for the French fleet, about one and a half month for Spanish freezer trawlers operating in ICES division VIb and XIIb) so that the control effort in landings state is moderate with respect to the amount of landings to control. There are on-going debate about the relative advantages of TACs vs effort management and this question remains open in the green paper for the reform of the CFP "What should the main management system be for Community fisheries and to which fisheries should it apply? Catch limitations? Fishing effort management? A combination of the two? Are there any other options?". The relative advantage of TAC vs effort management or the best combination of both needs to be considered further in the project taking account of factors that may undermine the use of effort management, because measure and metrix are no so obvious as for catches (Marchal et al. 2007; Eigaard 2009).
The primary need is an integration of all management options in a single management framework, this is the aim of the project. Management framework should take into account the overaching manegement procedures retained in the reform of the CFP, the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD), the marine spatial planning and the MSY objective include in WSSD commitments and on the way to be implemented first within the advice procedure of ICES. Directory: lib -> exe exe -> Homework Problem Set 3 Solution I. Reading Assignment exe -> System Modeling Assessment & Roadmap wg exe -> Artemis-2011-1 decision and platform support for model‐based eVolutionary development of Embedded systems Date of preparation exe -> Date: January December 2011 Java 5 Language psm for dds (dds-java) exe -> Notes on bcd by N. Toge (Jan. 5, 2005) Instrumentation and Control General exe -> Case Study 3 Report – Black scabbardfish in ixa exe -> 1 Beneficiaries (Partner Description) exe -> Pre-requisites exe -> Suggested (Sample) Research Project Topics (Fall 2010) Download 2.38 Mb. Share with your friends:
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