A fp7 Project: Management and Monitoring of Deep-sea Fisheries and Stocks wp2 – Template for Case Study Reports Case study 2 demersal deep-water mixed fishery Pascal Lorance, Ifremer, Nantes (coord.)
Management procedures relating to VMEs
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- Cold water corals on the Darwin Mound, West of Scotland
- Cold water coral SACs off Ireland
- NEAFC closures of cold coral habitats off the Rockall and Hatton
- 6.5.2. Strengths and weakness of these procedures
- 6.5.3. Possible improvements
- 6.5.4. Possible other types of management procedures
- 6.6.Management procedures relating to PET species
- 6.6.2.Strengths and weakness of these procedures
- 6.7. Comparison of management measures introduced against scientific advice
6.5. Management procedures relating to VMEsP. Lorance on the basis of WGDEEP, WGDEC, WGRED reports, EU regulation and CoralFISH (not much procedures) 6.5.1. Management procedures currently in place6.5.1 Please describe the management procedures currently in place. The main management tool to prtect VMEs is closed areas. A number of closed areas have been introduced in the 2000s. Cold water corals on the Darwin Mound, West of ScotlandThe European Commission regulated the fishing activities around the Darwin mound. The technical conservation regulation (850/98) was amended in 2004 to protect cold water corals in the area around the Darwin Mound. The measure prohibits bottom trawling and fishing with static gear including bottom set gill-nets and longlines. The UK have proposed the Darwin Mound as a SAC as part of the Natural 2000 network under the habitat directive. Cold water coral SACs off IrelandIn October 2007,the European Commission has adopted the proposal to protect cold water corals off the Atlantic coast of Ireland (Com 2007-570 final). The four sites comprise a total area of 2,500km2 and include the Belgica mound province, the Hovland mound province, the south west Porcupine Bank and the North-west Porcupine Bank. This regulation entails the prohibition to conduct bottom trawling and fishing with static gear including bottom set gill-nets and longlines. NEAFC closures of cold coral habitats off the Rockall and HattonIn 2004, NEAFC requested ICES to provide information on the distribution of coldwater corals in the NEAFC Regulatory Area, inter alia on the Hatton Bank and on the western slopes of the Rockall Bank, and to indicate appropriate boundaries of any closure of areas where coldwater corals are affected by fishing activities; ICES identified one such area on the Hatton bank, and a number of areas on the Rockall Bank, some of which were heavily fished and others less heavily fished or not fished. In the light of this information, the Contracting Parties, in accordance with Article 5of the Convention, have agreed that bottom trawling and fishing with static gear shall be prohibited in areas of the Hatton Bank, the Rockall Bank, the Logachev Mounds and the West Rockall Mounds. This measure is in force for the period 1 January 2007 – 31 December 2009. See figure 6.1 in CS1c report for a map of these closed areas. 6.5.2. Strengths and weakness of these proceduresIt is clear that these closed areas have provided some conservation of VMEs. Nevertheless, they were implemented when fisheries were already on-going. As a results, setting closed areas without a fine analyses of the distribution a fishing ground present the risk the displace fisheries towards areas where they were not previously fishing, while for VMEs conservation the main issue is to prevent the first impact which is the worste impact. 6.5.3. Possible improvements6.5.3 How could they be improved? If additional closed areas for VMEs conservation are to be introduced the best option is clearly to first "freeze the fishing footprint" and then further manage area within the footprint. If significant part of fishing grounds become closed in this process, environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) could be developed to define areas out of the known footprint that can be open to fishing. nevertheless, the knowledge of the distribution of VMEs might stillbe too limited to do this with sufficient accuracy and reliability. 6.5.4. Possible other types of management procedures6.5.4 Should other types of management procedures be considered? Is so please describe and identify expected benefits? Close area is an obvious primary management tool for the conservation of VMEs. Additonal management procedure may be defined. It is currently unclear which would be efficient. Nevertheless it might be considered that some VMEs in good conditions exist in areas that were fishing for long so that fishing sedimentary seabed wihtou significant impact on neighbouring VMEs is possible. This might be subject to change, i.e. if a fllet move to more aggressive fishing gears. Clearly trawl became large and more robust over time, they were equipped with larger/heaver trawl door and groundrope and rockhoppers were introduced to exploited fishing that remained devoid of pressure from trawlers until the 1980s and more in the deep-water. Although it may be less likely now owing to other management and the almost diseppearance of subsidies to fishing fleet, some more gear "improvements" coul occur. Therefore, communication with stakeholder is required to define mangement rules which would allow to prevent any further impact on VMEs. It should also be considered how to reduce current impact to all seabeds. To this end, some fishing technology developed are still in infancy but project such as the FP6 DEGREE developed prototype of trawl doors with minimised impact on bottom. 6.6.Management procedures relating to PET species6.6.1.Management procedures currently in place6.6.1 Please describe the management procedures currently in place. There are no explicit management procedure for PET species. Some fishery management measures have been introduced because species were strongly overexploited, this is mainly the case of zero TACs for deep-water sharks and orange roughy. 6.6.2.Strengths and weakness of these procedures6.6.2 What has been the strengths and weakness of these procedures? 6.6.3.Possible improvements6.6.3 How could they be improved? 6.6.4.Alternative types of management procedures6.6.4 Should other types of management procedures be considered? Is so please describe and identify expected benefits. 6.7. Comparison of management measures introduced against scientific advice6.7.1. Please complete the following table for your stock and related fisheries. In your opinion has the scientific advice been followed by Management Bodies? Please score 0 (not at all) to 10 (fully adhered to) in column on right.
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