A note on Structure
th of April, 1816: Punitive expeditions
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9th of April, 1816: Punitive expeditionsMacquarie's orders to Captain Schaw were essentially to scour and clear the Nepean, Hawkesbury and Grose valleys. From a traditional military view the orders were sound, proposing a series of co-ordinated operations that would combine in the Cow Pastures. Schaw was, however, unable to make contact with his enemy. ‘Instructions for Captain Schaw Instructions for Capt. W.G.B. Schaw 46th Regt. Commanding a detachment of that Corps ordered on a particular service Sir 1. The Aborigines, or Black Natives of this Country, having for the last two years manifested a strong spirit of hostility against the Settlers and other White inhabitants residing in the Interior and remote parts of the Colony, and having recently been guilty of the most cruel and wanton outrages on the Persons and Properties of several of the Settlers and other White Inhabitants residing on and near the banks of the Rivers Nepean, Grose, and Hawkesbury, by committing many cruel and barbarous murders, and Robberies, to the great terror of the surviving inhabitants residing on the said Rivers, it now becomes indispensably necessary for the protection of the lives and properties of His Majesty's Subjects residing in this Colony, to adopt such measures as may prevent a recurrence of such daring and sanguinary atrocities on the part of the Black Natives. 2. 1 have accordingly deemed it advisable to order out a detachment of Troops under your command, into the interior, for the purpose of apprehending and inflicting exemplary Punishments on such of the guilty Natives as you may be able to take alive; the names of those Natives who have committed the late atrocious murders, outrages, and Robberies, being pretty well known, you will herewith receive a list of them for your guidance and information, which guilty Natives will be pointed out to you, in case you should be able to apprehend the; by the friendly Native Guides who will accompany you. - In the execution of the Service you are thus ordered upon, you will be generally governed in your conduct by the following instruction; leaving you, however, at liberty, to act according to your own discretion and judgement in all cases and matters not particularly specified in these Instructions. 3. The great objects in view being to Punish the guilty with as little injury as possible to the innocent Natives, Secrecy and Dispatch must be particularly attended to, so as if possible to surprise and surround them in their lurking Places, before they have any information of your approach. - You will therefore do everything in your power to prevent any information of your approach and designs being made known to the Natives; and with this view it will be necessary to make Prisoners of all the Natives of both sexes whom you may see or fall in with on your route after you march from Sydney, and carry them with you to be lodged in places of security, at Parramatta and Windsor respectively until after the present Service is over, delivering them over in charge of the Magistrate at those two places. 4. You will march with the Detachment under your command from Sydney or Parramatta tomorrow morning at 7 o'clock, attended by the Guides specified in the margin150 and a light two Horse Cart for conveying the Bread and other Baggage of yourself and Party; it being intended that the Detachment shall be served with nominal Food at the several stations you have occasion to halt at, to save carriage, and order to this effect have been given to the Commissariat Department. - You are to halt at Parramatta tomorrow night, and set out from thence early the following morning for Windsor - where you will halt that night and also the whole of the day following, in order to afford you sufficient time to consult with the Magistrates at that station, and the Guides they are to furnish you with, relative to your future operations in the Districts of the Hawkesbury River. - 5. After consulting with the Magistrates at Windsor, and being supplied with the necessary Guides, you will cross the Hawkesbury and commence your operations in that part of the Country called the Kurry-Jong-Brush scouring the whole of it and Country adjacent as far as the Second Ridge of the Blue Mountains,151 and taking all such Natives as you may meet or fall in with in your route Prisoners. - On any occasion of seeing or falling in with the Natives, either in bodies or singly, they are to be called on, by your friendly Native Guides, to surrender themselves to you as Prisoners of War. - If they refuse to do so, make the least show of resistance, or attempt to run away from you, you will fire upon and compel them to surrender, breaking and destroying the spears, clubs, and waddies of all those you take Prisoners. - Such Natives as happen to be killed on such occasions, if grown up men, are to be hanged up on trees in conspicuous situations, to strike the Survivors with the greater terror. - On all occasions of your being obliged to have recourse to offensive and coercive measures, you will use every possible precaution to save the lives of the Native Women and Children, but taking as many of them as you can Prisoners. - After scouring the Kurry-Jong-Brush you will proceed by Lieut. Bell's Farm to the River Grose to examine the Country along the right and left banks of it as far as the Second Ridge of Mountains, taking all such Natives as you meet with in that march Prisoners, or destroying them if they run away or refuse to surrender. Having completely explored the Kurry-Jong-Brush and all the suspected parts of the Country to the Northward of the Hawkesbury and Grose Rivers, you will recross the former at Richmond, halting there a sufficient time to enable you to send such Prisoners as you may have taken to Windsor, where they are to be delivered to the Magistrates and kept in a place of security till they receive my orders respecting their future disposal. - 6. Having refreshed your Party at Richmond and received such supplies of Provisions as you may require for your men from the King's Stores at Windsor, you will set out from the former by such route as your Guides will point out, along the River Nepean, to Mr. Secretary Campbell's Farm in the Bringelly District, travelling through Mulgoa and the other intermediate Districts, between the Nepean and South Creek, generally frequented by the Natives, taking all such as you may meet with on your march Prisoners. -In case of resistance or running away, you are to fire on them and compel them to surrender, as is herein before directed; hanging up such men as are killed on trees in the most open parts of the Forest, near the River Nepean - or South Creek. 7. On your arrival at Mr. Secretary Campbell's Farm (called Shankomore) in the Bringelly District, you will be so good as to consult with that Gentleman and Mr. Lowe the resident Magistrate of the same District, as to your future operations, and obtain from them every information you can relative to the hostile Natives generally frequenting that part of the Country, and where they first commenced their recent outrages and Depredations. - In the event of you having any Prisoners on your arrival at Bringelly, you are to send them to Parramatta under a small Escort of a couple of soldiers and some of the neighbouring Settlers - to be delivered over to the Magistrates, and kept in a place of security till they receive my orders relative to their future disposal. The Native Prisoners are always to be hand-cuffed, or tied two and two together with ropes, on all these occasions to prevent their running away. - After you have consulted with Messrs. Campbell and Lowe and explored all the suspected parts of the Bringelly and Cook Districts, you will cross the Nepean to the Cow-Pasture side of it, as near the Western or Warragombie River as may be found practicable. - Having once crossed the Nepean, you must be entirely governed by the information of your Guides in your future operations in the Cow Pastures, - the whole of which however, from the Warragombie to the Mountains of Natai, including the tracts of Country called Winjee-Winjee-Karrabee, Bargo, Marrajan or Minikin (in which last place Mr. Oxley has his cattle grazing at present) and the whole of the Country in the vicinity of the Stone-Quarry-Creek,152 and southern parts of the banks of the River Nepean towards the District of Appin and the Five Islands. - As however it does not appear that any of the Five Islands Natives were concerned in the recent murders and outrages committed by the Cow Pasture and Mountain Natives, I do not wish them to be molested or injured in any way whatever, but, in case any of the guilty Hostile Natives should have taken refuge amongst those of the Five Islands, they must be called on to surrender and deliver them up to you. 8. It being my intention to detach Lieut. Dawe and Ten Privates of your Company to reinforce the Party of the 46th Regt. at present stationed in the Cow Pastures at Mrs. McArthur's Farm, he will be instructed to cooperate with you on your arrival in the Cow Pastures, of which you are to apprise him immediately as soon as you have crossed the River Nepean. at the same time instructing him as to the measures he is to pursue in co‑operating with you in the Operations to be carried on in the Cow Pastures; so as, if possible. to prevent the Hostile Natives residing there from making their escape to the Southward or across the Nepean to the Eastward of it., which may be prevented by a timely and judicious movement of Lieut. Dawe's Detachment, in a south easterly direction from Mrs. McArthur's Farm, thereby cutting off the retreat of the Natives at the several Passes of the Nepean and Stone Quarry Creek, but such movements must be made with the greatest secrecy and celerity to insure their having the desired effect. 9. As the great Body of the Hostile Natives are known to reside chiefly in the Cow Pastures, the whole of that part of the Country between the Western River on the north, and the Bargo branch of the Nepean River on the south, must be completely explored and scoured; making Prisoners of all Natives, young and old, whom you may see and be able to apprehend in the course of your march through that Country. - In case they make the smallest resistance or attempt to run away after being ordered by the friendly Native Guides to surrender themselves as Prisoners, you are to fire upon them, saving the Women and Children if possible. - All such grown up men as may happen to be killed you will direct to be hanged on the highest trees and in the clearest parts of the Forest where they fall. Such Women and Children as may happen to be killed are to be interred wherever they may happen to fall. - The Prisoners taken ‑ young and old ‑ are to be brought in with you to Parramatta and delivered over there to the Magistrates, to be secured at that station till they receive my instructions respecting their future disposal. - Being desirous to procure Twelve Boys and Six Girls ‑ from between four and six years of age ‑ for the Native Institution at Parramatta, you will select and secure that number of fine healthy good ‑ looking children from the whole of the Native Prisoners of War taken in the course of your operations, and direct them to be delivered to the Supt. of the Native Institution at Parramatta immediately on their arrival there. 10. Having completely explored the whole of the Districts herein named, and all other parts of the Country in which you may be informed there is a probability of apprehending any of the Hostile Natives, you will return with your Detachment and Prisoners to Parramatta and from thence to Sydney, leaving only a Corporal and three men of the 46th Regt. as a Guard of Protection at Mrs. McArthur's Farm in the Cow Pastures, after your operations in that part of the Country have terminated. Lieut. Dawe, and the rest of the Party under his immediate orders, returning with you to Sydney and also bringing back the European and Native Guides with you to Head Quarters. - On your arrival at Sydney you will be pleased to make a written Report to me of your Proceedings, and of the measures you pursued in the execution of my instructions as herein detailed. - In all difficult or unforeseen exigencies, I have only once more to repeat that I leave you entirely at liberty to act according to your own discretion and judgement in which I have the fullest confidence. 1 have the honor to be, Sir, Government House Your most Obedt. Servt. Sydney, N.S.Wales L.M. Tuesday 9th April Govr. in Chief of 1816 N.S.Wales. X The magistrates at Parramatta, Windsor, Bringelly and Liverpool, will be directed to afford every possible assistance in their power, in respect to information and guides to enable you the more promptly to carry these Instructions into execution, and you will therefore call upon them – for any assistance you may stand in need of, as often as you may find occasion for to bring. The Depty. Comy. Genl. has received Instructions to furnish you with the necessary orders for victualling your detachment at your different Halting Places, whilst employed on this Service; and a quantity of Biscuit and Salt Pork will be sent along with the Detachment. P.S. It having been deemed advisable to send another detachment of the 46th. Regt. Commanded by Capt. Wallis, into the District of Airds and Appin (where the Hostile Natives have recently assembled in considerable force.) for the purpose of Protecting the settlers and other inhabitants residing in those Districts from the Incursions of the Hostile Natives, and Clearing the Country of them, by making Prisoners of them or destroying them in the event of resistance; Capt. Wallis has been instructed to co-operate with you, and to afford you such support and assistance as you may have occasion to call for from him after your arrival in the Cow-Pastures of which you will of course give him the earliest intimation on commencing your operations in that quarter. – Sydney L.M. 9: Apl. 1816.’153 It is difficult to tell who had what lists of guides and hostiles because in the AONSW they follow on from Serjeant Murphy’s orders. They follow below in the AONSW order. The first list is from a letter by the Reverend Cartwright. Some of the names on the list, such as Bundook appear to be of men from the Hawkesbury. Hannibal Macarthur was probably informed by his managers and Aboriginal people on or around his property in compiling his list. The reference to Murrah “who threw spears at the soldiers at Cox's River some time since” allows us to place the attack on the Government depot at Glenroy, on the junction of the River Lett and Cox’s River at some time in March 1816. Following that is a list of guides. The last list came from a letter by Doctor Throsby on the 24th of March 1816 to Doctor Wentworth. Throsby’s list is important in that seven of the eleven men on his list came from the Hawkesbury. ‘From Mr. Cartwrights letter Wootan Corkey Gerriang Rachel Narrang-Jack Yarroway Marro Mongang Marrow Emray Korial Koongnang Wootooboy Yarrangy Bundock Young Cummain Joe Retingoro. Names of Hostile bad Natives! Mr. McArthur: Murrah – very bad – x Wallah - - do Yellaman - do Dewall – Bettagallie ------------- ------------- Daniel All Goggie Suspects Mary-Mary. ---------- ------------ ------------ X This is the same man who speared Mr. Mc.Arthur’s overseer, and who threw spears at the soldiers at Cox’s River some time since. - List of Names of White and Black guides employed with Capts Schaw & Wallis vizt. 1 John Warbey ) 2 John Jackson ) 3 William Parson ) White or 4 Thomas Simpson ) European Guides 5 Joseph McLoughlin ) 6 Thomas Nobles ) 7 Henry McKudding ) 8 Tyson 9 Bidgee Bidgee 1 Harry 11 Bundell 12 Creek Jemmy als. Nurragingy 13 Colebee 14 Tindall.
N.B. The foregoing List and memorandum was delivered to me by Doctr. Wentworth to whom it was sent by Doctr. Throsbey in a letter of 24th March 1816. L.M.’156 Directory: docs docs -> Application for acem docs -> Observational Assessment of Teaching Practices Teaching Assessment Initiative Proposal Submitted to The Teachers for a New Era project docs -> Traditional British values docs -> From Warfighters to Crimefighters: The Origins of Domestic Police Militarization docs -> Borzoi Club of America Register of Merit Program I. What is a Register Of Merit docs -> Protecting the rights of the child in the context of migration docs -> United Nations E/C. 12/Esp/5 docs -> 9th May 1950 the schuman declaration docs -> Getting To Outcomes® in Services for Homeless Veterans 10 Steps for Achieving Accountability Download 3.05 Mb. Share with your friends:
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