A policy report


Snob Hollow Designs. http://www.snobhollow.com. http://www.floridacountiesmap.com/osceola_county.shtml



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Snob Hollow Designs. http://www.snobhollow.com. http://www.floridacountiesmap.com/osceola_county.shtml

1  Bill Hendrick, “A Big Generation starts to turn 60,” Atlanta Journal Constitution, 15 January 2006. http://www.ajc.com/news/content/living/stories/0115lvboomers.html

2  Metropolitan Life Insurance Company, MetLife’s Mature Market Institute, Market Study, Demographic Profile: American Baby Boomers (New York, 2003). http://www.metlife.com/WPSAssets/19506845461045242298V1FBoomer%20Profile%202003.pdf

3  Ibid.

4  Mike Billips, “Bill Would Allow Bonds to Fund Residential Infrastructure,” Macon Telegraph and Wire Service, 06 January 2006. www.macon.com/mld/macon/13560566.htm

5 Revision of Senate Bill 414, “Rural Georgia Economic Development Act of 2006,” received on 12 January 2006. http://www.legis.state.ga.us/legis/2005_06/pdf/sb414.pdf

6 The Georgia Constitution. Online website provided by the Carl Vinson Institute of Government, University of Georgia. http://www.cviog.uga.edu/Projects/gainfo/conart9.htm

7 Business Improvement District, Bloor West Village Business Improvement Area, Toronto, Canada. http://web.mit.edu/11.204/www/webportfolio/BID/BID_What_is_a_BID.html

8 Jerry Mitchell, “Business Improvement Districts and Innovative Service Delivery,” Grant Report for School of Public Affairs, Baruch College, NY, November 1999. http://www.businessofgovernment.org/pdfs/Mitchell.pdf

9 Georgia Department of Community Affairs, “City Business Improvement Districts,” GA. Laws 1981, pg. 4531; OCGA 36-43-1 along with the 1990 and 1992 Amendments.

10 Refer to the appendix for a map on Commercial Community Improvement Districts in Atlanta. Town Center Area Community Improvement District Website. http://www.cobbrides.com/cidpgResources.html

11 The Georgia Constitution.

12 The substitute to Senate Bill 414 (SB 414), “Rural Georgia Economic Development Act of 2006,” version LC 28 2753S.

13 Substitute for SB 414, 36-76-16 states “bonds are declared to be issued for an essential public and governmental purpose, and such bonds and all income therefrom shall be exempt from all taxation within the State of Georgia. For the purpose of the exemption from taxation of such bonds and the income therefrom, the district shall be deemed to be a political subdivision of the State of Georgia,” and 36-76-14 declares “bonds issued under the provision of this chapter shall not constitute a debt or a pledge of the faith and credit of the State of Georgia or the county in which the district is located.”

14 Cumberland CID, Providing a Better Way to Work, Commuter Club. http://www.commuterclub.com/communityimprovedist.htm

15 Cobb Chamber of Commerce, Cumberland CID Wins Prestigious Award, 12 December 2002. http://www.cobbchamber.org/chamber/chamberinfo/Press_Releases/2002_Press_Releases/cumberland_cid_wins_prestigious_award.htm

16 Central Atlanta Progress / Atlanta Downtown Improvement District 2004 Annual Report. http://www.atlantadowntown.com/docs/CAP_AR_2004final.pdf

17 Refer to the appendix for a map on the Commercial Community Improvement Districts in Atlanta.

18 Florida Statute, Title XIII Planning and Development, Chapter 190 Community Development Districts.

19 The Florida District Handbook, The Florida Department of Community Affairs, updated December 2005. http://www.floridaspecialdistricts.org/documents/SpecialDistrictHandbook.pdf

20 The Official Portal of the State of Florida, About Reedy Creek Improvement District. http://www.state.fl.us/rcid/about.html

21 The Florida Special District Website, Florida Department of Community Affairs. http://www.floridaspecialdistricts.org/index.cfm

22 The substitute to Senate Bill 414, “Rural Georgia Economic Development Act of 2006,” version LC 28 2753S.

23 Every SB 414 listed hereafter refers to the substitute for SB 414 version LC 28 2753S, unless otherwise indicated.

24 The Florida Special District Handbook, pg. 5.

25 Florida Statute, Title XIII, Chapter 190, 190.011 (7) (a).

26 Florida Statute, Title XIII, Chapter 190, 190.011 (11).

27 Supreme Court ruling on Kelo v. City of New London. http://www.law.cornell.edu/supct/html/04-108.ZS.html

28 Aaron Baca, “Eminent Domain Restructuring Could Restrict Local Governments,” Marietta Daily Journal’s Online Edition, 10 January 2006. http://www.mdjonline.com/articles/2006/01/10/89/10206851.txt

29 SB 414, 36-76-3 (a) - (c).

30 SB 414, 36-76-3 (f) - (g).

31 SB 414, 36-76-4 (a) - (e).

32 Florida Statute, Title XIII, Chapter 190, 190.006 (5).

33 Doris S. Goldstein, “Beyond the Homeowners Association: Blending Community Development Districts, Tax Exempt Organizations and Commercial POAs for Larger Planned Communities,” prepared for the Twenty-Eight Institute on Condominium and Cluster Developments, Miami, Florida, 30 October 2003, pg. 3.

34 SB 414, 36-76-9 (3) (A).

35 Goldstein, 4.

36 The use of “little kingdoms” might be an allusion to Walt Disney’s “Magic Kingdom;” Disney owns almost all the land in the Reedy Creek Improvement District, and therefore has autonomous land-use controls throughout the entire district.

37 Goldstein, pg. 4. http://www.ccfj.net/CDDComm.html

38 The ownership of land established as “conservation areas” for control of the improvement district can be seen by the Disney Corporation with Celebration, Florida, even after the town was de-annexed. This example will be presented later in the report.

39 SB 414, 36-76-9 (2) (D).

40 The State of Florida and Visit Florida website. http://www.stateofflorida.com/Portal/DesktopDefault.aspx?tabid=95#27105 and http://media.visitflorida.org/travel/facts/

41 Kari Hudson, “Special District Governments: Examining the Questions of Control,” American City and County, 01 September 1996. http://americancityandcounty.com/mag/government_special_district_governments

42 Ibid.

43 The board of directors in any Independent Special District is voted in by the landowners, with one vote per acre, of the district. This is similar to RCIDs in the proposed RGEDA 2006. Since the Disney Corp. owned most of the land in the Reedy Creek ID, they indirectly had full control over the district. Later in this report, take note of Walt Disney’s comment on his planned community being “controlled.”

44 Joshua Wolf, “Hidden Kingdom: Disney’s Political Blueprint,” The American Prospect, Inc., Vol. 6, Issue 21, 21 March 1995.

45 Wayne Ellwood, “Inside the Disney Dream Machine,” New Internationalist, Issue 308, December 1998. http://www.newint.org/issue308/keynote.htm

46 The Reedy Creek Improvement District website, About the District. http://www.state.fl.us/rcid/about.html

47 Reedy Creek Improvement District, Wikipedia.com. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reedy_Creek_Improvement_District

48 Census 2000. http://www.census.gov

49 The following information was obtained from a telephone interview with GAW Realty’s Dave Kaszubinski and the town of Celebration, Florida website: http://www.celebrationfl.com.

50 Keally McBride, “Consuming Community,” Socialist Review, Center for Social Research and Education, ProQuest Information and Learning Company, 2001. http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3952/is_200101/ai_n8932885

51 Ibid.

52 Laurence Lewis, “Celebration Traffic Study Reaffirms Benefits of Mixed-use Development,” HDR Transportline, Vol. 14, No. 2, September 2004. http://www.hdrinc.com/Assets/documents/Publications/Transportline/September2004/CelebrationTrafficStudy.pdf

53 McBride.

54 Census 2000.

55 Refer to the Appendix for a map of Osceola County. Snob Hollow Designs. http://www.snobhollow.com. http://www.floridacountiesmap.com/osceola_county.shtml

56 http://www.mapquest.com.

57 Census 2000.

58 McBride.

59 Ibid.

60 Wolf. Also refer to the Reedy Creek Improvement District, Wikipedia.com. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reedy_Creek_Improvement_District

61 House Bill 1323, “Georgia Smart Infrastructure Growth Act of 2006,” version LC 18 5183ER. Every HB 1323 reference hereafter will refer to this version, unless otherwise indicated.

62 Mike Billips, “WR’s O’Neal Proposes Own Private Towns Bill,” Macon Telegraph and Wire Service, 15 February 2006. http://www.macon.com/mld/macon/news/local/13873832.htm

63 HB 1323, 36-93-8, (11) (A) – (I) and (12) (A) – (D).

64 SB 414, 36-76-4 (a) and HB 1323, 36-93-5 (a).

65 SB 414, 36-76-5 (a) and HB 1323, 36-93-5 (a).

66 SB 414, 36-76-4 (e) and HB 1323, 36-93-5 (e).

67 SB 414, 36-76-4 (f), (b) and HB 1323, 36-93-5 (f), 36-93-6 (a).

68 SB 414, 36-76-6 (b), (c) and HB 1323, 36-93-7 (a), (b).

69 SB 414, 36-76-8, (a) (1) and HB 1323, 36-93-8 (1).

70 SB 414, 36-76-8 and HB 1323, 36-93-8

71 SB 414, 36-76-3 (2) compared to HB 1323, 36-93-3 (a) – (b) (4).

72 SB 414, 36-76-4 (2) compared to HB 1323, 36-93-5 (c) (1) – (3).

73 SB 414, 36-76-9 (3) (A) compared to HB 1323, 36-93-8, (14) (A).

74 SB 414, 36-76-33 (a) compared to HB 1323, 36-93-24 (b), 36-93-25 (g).

75 HB 1323, 36-93-25 (a).

76 Billips, 15 February 2006.

77 Richard Reeder, “Retiree-Attraction Policies for Rural Development,” Food and Rural Economic Division, Economic Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, June 1998.

78 Ibid, pg. 6-11.

79 Senate Bill 414, “Rural Georgia Economic Development Act of 2006,” version LC 36 0230S. Every SB 414 reference hereafter will refer to this version, unless otherwise indicated.

80 SB 414, 36-76-3 (b).

81 SB 414, 36-76-3 (a).

82 SB 414, 36-76-5 (b).

83 SB 414, 36-76-9 (4).

84 SB 414, 36-76-14 (b).

85 SB 414, 36-76-25 (h).

86 SB 414, 36-76-9 (2) (B).

87 SB 414, 36-76-36 (a).

88 SB 414, 36-76-3 (c) (1) and 36-76-34 (a).

89 SB 414, 36-76-3 (d) and 36-76-4 (b) (2), (c) (1).

90 SB 414, 36-76-3 (g) (7), (8).

91 SB 414, 36-76-4 (a).

92 SB 414, 36-76-4 (k), 36-76-22 and 36-76-28.

93 HB 1323, 36-93-25 (a) and SB 414, 36-76-8 (a) (14).

94 Hudson.

95 The State of Florida. The Office of Program Policy Analysis and Government Accountability, “Review of Independent Special Districts That Provide Infrastructure and Services to the Public,” Report No. 95-22, 28 December 1995, pg. 8, 9. http://www.oppaga.state.fl.us/reports/pdf/9522rpt.pdf

96 Ibid, pg. 12.

97 Ibid, pg. 13.

98 Ibid, pg. 9.

99 Ibid, pg. iii.

100 Ibid, pg. iii, iv, 19.

101 Ibid, pg. v.

102 Ibid, pg. 16, 17.

103 Ibid, pg. 11, 17.

104 Ibid, pg. 18, 19.

105 Ibid, pg. 21.

106 Ibid, pg. 22.



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