Accounting technicians scheme west africa
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- Theory Feature Implications for management
| Theory Feature Implications for management 1. Maslow • Man has five basic needs in hierarchy. • People want more but what they want is influenced by what they have already. • Managers need to find out subordinates level on the hierarchy • Satisfaction of physiological, safety, social, esteem and self- activation needs motivate 2. Motivation- Hygiene Theory • Company policy, supervision, working conditions and money do not motivate employees. • Achievement, recognition, growth and responsibility motivate employees • Money is not a motivator of behavior • Employees could be motivated if manager emphasizes achievement, recognition, growth and responsibility 3. Vroom’s Expectancy • Individuals are rational, aware of their goals and are influenced by the expected outcomes of their actions. • Emphasizes management by objectives. • Individuals perception is an important factor in motivation 4. Equity • An individual’s motivation depends on his or her evaluation of the equity or fairness of the reward • Wages and salary increments will motivate employees only when they are perceived as fair 292 Theory Feature Implications for management given to him or her when compared to other employees. 5. Reinforcement • Behaviour with positive consequences tends to be repeated, while behavior with negative consequence tends not to be repeated. • Employees are motivated by proper design of the work environment. • Employees are better motivated when they are praised for good performance • Employees should not be punished for poor performance. A.5 Techniques used to motivate employees in practice (a) Financial rewards (money): Money is one of the oldest methods of motivating employees. Financial rewards include wages, bonuses and profit sharing. Charles Handy (1985) argues that money is an important motivator of workers because it is often a reflection of other motivators and helps in satisfying the individual's physiological, safety, social, esteem and even self-actualization needs. Money is also the basis for comparing one’s status success and security, with others within the same organisation or industry. However, for money to be effective it must be related to the employee’s performance and increments should be large enough, relative employee's income. Furthermore, money maybe more important to people who have not satisfied most of their physiological needs than people who have largely satisfied these needs. b) Download 3.37 Mb. Share with your friends:
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