Ap u. S. History Study Guide Chapters 10 to 13 Chapter 10: Launching the New Ship of State, 1789-1800 lt 10A: Describe the characteristics of the us population and major problems it faced in the 1790s
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party platform?
In what way were the party platforms unclear in the Election of 1828? What did the campaign focus on instead of the issues? What criticisms were leveled at Adams during the campaign? What criticisms were leveled at Jackson during the campaign? Why did critics accuse Jackson of adultery? How did Adams serve his country after he left the presidency? Why were more people able to vote in this election? Explain why this election is referred to as the “Revolution of 1828”? LT 13E: Describe the similarities and differences between Jeffersonian and Jacksonian democracy and the political innovations of the 1830s that led to rise of mass democracy. What was Jackson’s nickname? Why was Jackson considered a hero for the “common man”? In what ways did Jackson support a limited role for the federal government? In what way did Jackson also support a strong federal union? What happened at the “inaugural brawl” that led some to call it the beginning of the “reign of King Mob”? In what ways did politicians attempt to appeal to the “common man” in their campaigns? Why was Davy Crockett elected to Congress three times, even though he could barely read and write? What were four aspects of Jeffersonian democracy of the early 1800s? In what basic way was Jacksonian democracy of the 1830s and 1840s different from Jeffersonian democracy? What were six aspects of Jacksonian democracy of the 1830s and 1840s? What was the first political party to hold a nominating convention to choose their presidential candidate? What limitations were there on the right to vote and hold office during this time? What were three reasons why there was an increase in political democracy? Why did followers of Andrew Jackson urge banking reforms? What banking reforms did they support? Why did the admission of Missouri as a state cause intense interest in politics? What economic issues caused people to become more interested in politics? Why did voter turnout increase dramatically from 1824 to 1840, when almost 80 percent of the eligible voters voted? What were the main characteristics of the First Party System? What were the main characteristics of the Second Party System? Explain the main ideas presented in Alexis de Tocqueville’s books Democracy in America (1835 and 1850). LT 13F: Explain the spoils system and the benefits and problems with its increasing use during the Jackson era. What is meant by the spoils system (political patronage)? In what way did Jackson expand upon the use of the spoils system when he became president? What were four reasons why Jackson used the spoils system? Why did Jackson support the idea of “rotation in office”? What were the three problems with the spoils system? LT 13G: Explain the significant domestic issues during Jackson’s presidency: internal improvements, the Webster Hayne debate, states’ rights, the choice of the vice president in 1832, and the Peggy Eaton scandal. Why did Jackson veto a bill to provide federal money to build the Maysville Road? Why did some people argue that Jackson’s veto of the Maysville Road was a political issue? What was the purpose of the “Foote Resolution” introduced in the Senate in 1829? Why did western and southern Senators defend the federal government’s sale of western lands? Why did New England Senators oppose the federal government’s sale of western lands? Explain the basic views presented by Robert Hayne in the nine-day Webster Hayne Debate in 1830. Explain the basic views presented by Daniel Webster in the Webster Hayne Debate. What was the significance of Jackson’s toast “Out Union: It must be preserved” at the Jefferson Day Banquet? What was the significance of Calhoun’s toast: “The Union, next to our liberty, most dear”? Why did Jackson favor Van Buren as the next president when Jackson’s term ended in 1836? What problems or issues did Jackson have with Vice-President Calhoun? Who was Margaret (Peggy) O”Neale? Why did Peggy’s marriage to Jackson’s friend, John Eaton, cause such a scandal? Why did the wives of Jackson’s cabinet members look down on Peggy? Why did Jackson’s advisers encourage him not to appoint John Eaton to his Cabinet? Why did Jackson refuse to take their advice and instead appoint Eaton as his Secretary of War in 1829? How was the new Mrs. Eaton treated at social events? How did Jackson attempt to solve this problem? How did the social attack on Peggy Eaton eventually evolve into a political conflict between Calhoun and Jackson? What is meant by Jackson’s kitchen cabinet? Why did Jackson’s entire Cabinet resign in 1831? Who did Jackson support as his vice-presidential candidate in 1832? Why did Calhoun resign as Vice-President in 1832? LT 13H: Explain the causes and results of the nullification crisis in South Carolina in 1832. What was the goal of the Nullies in the South Carolina legislature? What was the goal of the “submission men” in the South Carolina legislature? Why was South Carolina still upset with the lower Tariff of 1832? What was the significance of the Ordinance of Nullification that passed the South Carolina legislature in 1832? Why was Jackson furious at South Carolina for passing the Ordinance of Nullification? Why did Jackson warn in the Proclamation to the People of South Carolina that he would use federal armed forces to collect the tariff if necessary? What was the significance of the Force Act passed by Congress in 1833? What was the Compromise Tariff of 1833 that was proposed by Henry Clay? Why did South Carolina support the Compromise Tariff? How did South Carolina show their continued support for their right to nullify federal laws, even though they agreed to obey the tariff law? Why did Jackson claim victory in the dispute over the tariff? Why did South Carolina claim victory? LT 13I: Explain Jackson’s motives for opposing the Bank of the US re-charter bill in 1832. What were state banks? What is meant by the term specie? What were “wildcat banks”? What was the purpose of the Second Bank of the US that had been founded in 1816? Why did people criticize the lending power of the BUS? How did the BUS limit the lending power of state banks? Why did many people blame the BUS for the Panic of 1819? Why did many people criticize the BUS president, Nicholas Biddle? Why did Jackson believe that the Bank of the US was unconstitutional? Why did Henry Clay propose a bill to re-charter the BUS in 1832, four years before it expired? Why did Jackson veto the re-charter bill for the Bank of the US? What group generally opposed the veto of the re-charter of the BUS? What group generally supported the veto of the re-charter of the BUS? LT 13J: Describe the significance of the Anti-Masonic Party formed in 1828. Why was the Masons originally founded? What role did the Masons play in American society during the late 1700s and early 1800s? Why did many people begin to oppose the Masons during the 1820s and 1830s? What scandal in 1826 increased the opposition to the Masons in New York? Why were the Masons criticized during the investigation of the murder of William Morgan in 1827? What was the purpose of the Anti-Masonic Party, the first third party in the US, formed in 1828? Why was the Anti-Masonic Party considered to be “anti-Jackson”? LT 13K: Describe the issues and results of the Election of 1832. Who was the Anti-Masonic Party candidate for president in 1832? 505. Who was the Democratic Party candidate for president in1832? Who was the National Republican candidate for president in 1832? What groups supported the National Republicans? Which party was the first of the three to use a national nominating convention to choose their candidate? Which party was the first to use a written party platform to state their position on the issues in the campaign? What happened to the National Republican Party after their defeat in the election? What happened to the Anti-Masonic Party after their defeat in the election? LT 13L: Explain the significant domestic issues during Jackson’s second term, including the end of the Second BUS, the rise of the “pet” banks, speculation, and the Species Circular. In what way did Jackson view his re-election as a mandate from the voters? How did Jackson begin to destroy the Second BUS before its charter expired in 1836? Why was Jackson’s appointment of Roger Taney as Secretary of the Treasury an expansion of presidential power? What was the significance of Jackson’s “pet banks”? Why were there only state banks between 1836 and 1863? Why did Henry Clay obtain a censure against Jackson in the Senate? To what position did Jackson appoint Taney in 1835? What two factors encouraged speculation in the western lands, canals, roads, railroads, and slaves in the 1830s? What was the purpose of the Species Circular issued by Jackson in 1836? What did the Species Circular require? How did the Species Circular lead to lower prices for land, canals, etc.? Explain what is meant by a budget surplus. (This occurred from 1835 to 1837.) LT 13M: Describe Jackson’s Indian removal policy for the southeastern Indian nations, including the Cherokee “Trail of Tears”, the war with the Blackhawk nation, and the Second Seminole War. Why were Indian tribes treated as sovereign nations during the colonial period? Describe the official US government policy for dealing with Indians in the late 1700s and early 1800s. Why did many tribes lose land during the Revolutionary War and the War of 1812? What were four unsuccessful attempts by Indians to fight against the US armed forces? In what ways did white Americans attempt to assimilate Indians into white society? What was the basic purpose of the Indian Removal Act of 1830? Why did many tribes agree to be relocated? In what ways were the tribes mistreated in their removal to Indian Territory in present-day Oklahoma? Why was the removal of the “Five Civilized Tribes” of the Southeast more difficult than those of the Old Northwest? Describe four ways the Cherokee adopted the white man’s culture in an attempt to keep their remaining land? Who was Sequoyah? Why did the state of Georgia violate several treaties with the Cherokees and begin to seize about nine million acres of their land in 1828? What was the decision of the Supreme Court in Worcester v. Georgia in1832? How did Georgia ignore the Supreme Court decision? How did President Jackson ignore the Supreme Court decision? Who was John Ross? What was the significance of the Treaty of New Echota in 1835? Why were the Cherokees who signed this treaty willing to give up most of their land and relocate to Indian Territory, even though a majority of the Cherokees rejected the treaty and refused to move? What role did General Winfield Scott play in the forced removal of the Cherokees in 1837? What happened to the Cherokees once they were forced out of their homes by the army? Where did the 13,000 Cherokees stay until their removal to the west was organized? Describe why the forced removal of the Cherokees to Indian Territory is referred to as the “Trail of Tears”? Why did the Sauk and Fox tribes, led by Chief Blackhawk, return from Iowa Territory to Illinois in 1832? What was the significance of the Battle of Bad Axe River? What was the significance of the Treaty of Payne’s Landing, signed by a small group of Seminoles in 1832? What was the cause of the Second Seminole War which began in 1835? Who was Osceola? What was the outcome of the Second Seminole War which ended in 1842? Why did Indians lose much of the Indian Territory in Oklahoma that had been promised to them by 1889? LT 13N: Describe the causes and results of the Texas War for Independence from Mexico in 1836 and Jackson’s relations with the new Republic of Texas. Why did Mexico encourage Americans to settle in Texas after Mexico won their independence from Spain in 1821? To what terms did American settlers led by Stephen Austin agree to when they moved to Mexican state of Texas? How did the Mexican government encourage Americans to settle in Texas? How many Americans lived in Mexico by 1830? Name three famous Americans who lived in Texas in the 1830s. What five problems developed between the Americans and the Mexicans living in Texas? Why did Mexico send military forces to Texas in the early 1830s? Why did Stephen Austin go to Mexico City in 1833? How did Santa Anna respond to Stephen Austin’s requests? What actions did Santa Anna take in 1834 that led Texans to want to fight for independence from Mexico in 1835? What was the significance of the Declaration of Causes approved by the Texans in November 1835? What role did Mexican residents known as tejanos play in the Texas War for independence? What role did Samuel Houston play in the Texan War for Independence? What was the significance of the Battle of the Alamo in December 1835? What was the significance of the Battle of Goliad in March 1836? In what ways did American citizens help the Texans in their fight for independence? What was the significance of the Battle of San Jacinto in April 1836? What two treaties did Santa Anna sign after being captured in battle? Why did Santa Anna later refuse to honor these two agreements? What were two reasons why President Jackson refused to allow Texas to be annexed to the US? LT 13O: Describe the issues and results of the Election of 1836, including the birth of the Whig Party. In what positive ways did Jackson impact the presidency? In what negative ways did Jackson impact the presidency? Why did Jackson choose not to run for President for a third term? Why did the Democrats nominate Martin Van Buren for president in 1836? Why did several National Republicans, such as Henry Clay, join with southern Democrats, such as John Calhoun and John Tyler, to form the Whig Party? What criticisms did the Whigs have of “King Andrew I”? Why did Calhoun and Clay introduce a motion to censure Jackson in 1834? Although the Whigs were a diverse group, what common idea united them? What was the significance of the election of Van Buren as president? What four problems did Van Buren face when he began his presidency? Why did Charles River Bridge Company sue Warren Bridge in 1828? What was the US Supreme Court decision in the case Charles River Bridge v. Warren Bridge? Why was this decision important to future economic development? LT 13P: Describe the causes and results of the Panic of 1837, including the creation of the Independent Treasury. What were seven problems that contributed to the Panic of 1837? What was the impact of the Panic of 1837 on the US economy? What reforms did the Whigs call for in order to end the economic problems? Why did Van Buren reject these ideas? Explain why Van Buren wanted Congress to pass the “divorce bill” and create an Independent Treasury. What was the significance of an Independent Treasury? Why did the Whigs oppose the Independent Treasury? LT 13Q: Describe the issues and results of the Election of 1840. Explain the basic philosophy and policy of the Democratic Party by 1840. Explain the basic philosophy and policy of the Whig Party by 1840. Why was the Democratic Party and the Whig Party each considered a national party? Why was race between Van Buren and William Henry Harrison in 1840 considered a “log cabin campaign”? What was the significance of Harrison’s campaign slogan “Tippecanoe and Tyler Too”? Why was this campaign a “hoopla” campaign? Why did Harrison win the Election of 1840? What percent of the eligible voters cast ballots in this election? What was the significance of William Henry Harrison’s inaugural address? Why was Harrison in office for only 31 days? Why was the new president, John Tyler, considered more a Democrat than a Whig? How did the Election of 1840 demonstrate two major changes in American politics since the Era of Good Feelings? Directory: userfiles -> 1476 -> Classes userfiles -> Recovery: What's a Coach Got To Do With It? By Bill Ryan userfiles -> Title: Associate Professor userfiles -> Chief Patron Shri Avinash Dikshit Commissioner Patron userfiles -> Iccf congress, seixal, portugal 5th to 12th October 2002 userfiles -> Unit 1: Exploration and Colonization userfiles -> Ap united States History Course Description userfiles -> Note: Please look through resources very carefully. This is a controversial issue so some sources may have bias. Check carefully for the expertise or background of the writer or contributor userfiles -> Ap united states history mr. Storrs – Room 306 2009-2010 text Classes -> Woodland hills high school lesson plan Download 230.42 Kb. Share with your friends:
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