August 2014 Mission Statement Background
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- And when sand is dry
- Scaling equation
Appendix KForce on anchor leg Details of notations on page 51 Force may be defined as:  (K-1)
Pressure will be the total of pressure from sand, pressure from water, atmospheric pressure and minus vacuum pressure. A perfect vacuum has nothing inside it, hence no pressure. This would not be the case for the anchor leg, however there was no equipment to measure the pressure inside so must be assumed to be 0 Pa. Atmospheric pressure is 101325 Pa [Eng144]34. Therefore, by adding all pressures, multiplying it with surface area of the anchor leg and the friction coefficient, the force is then defined by:  (K-2)
The water but is 0.915 m high, and was ¾ full of sand, which gives height of sand to be: 
It was seen during experiments that water would usually be another 0.10 m above sand level. Height of water is therefore: 
Diameter of anchor leg is 0.056 m, and it is 0.74 m in length. The coefficient of friction used will be measurements for outside the anchor leg. So when sand was wet, equaled 0.666, and when sand was dry was 0.517. Knowing the density of silica sand is 1602 kg/m3 [Eng14]26 and for water it is 998 kg/m3 [Eng141]28. When the sand is wet, force on anchor leg is: 
And when sand is dry: 
Scaling equation: 
Example. Test 4 measured 164 N; full-scale model (if sand anchor leg is one hundredth of scale) would have a gripping force of: 
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