B bábi, Tibor



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Berczelly, Tibor (Berczeller) Rákospalota, 3 January 1912 - Budapest, 15 October 1990) – Swordsman. He studied at the Military Academy (Ludovika), became a company officer, taught at the Athletic Officer School, and after World War I, worked as a supervisor for the Hungarian National Bank. He founded the Sport School of Olympic Champions, after which he worked as a trainer. He holds the record of Hungarian swordsmanship, and led the life championship list with eight individual championships and earned another twenty championship titles. In three Olympics he led Hungarian swordsmen to victory as a true team leader. He was already there in Berlin (1936); and in London (1948) he won all the four bouts in the final against the Italians. In Helsinki (1952) the all-time rivals, leading with 7:5, with 5:0 victory over Nostini, brought back hope. His powerful punitive cuts were feared by the opponent, but at the same time they respected him as a superbly trained swordsman. He was left-handed, hotheaded, but a warm-hearted sportsman, who demonstrated his versatility by becoming a champion also in pistol shooting. – B: 1768, 0883, 1031, T: 7456.→Ludovika Royal Hungarian Military Academy.

Berda, József (Joseph) (Budapest, 1 February 1902 - Budpest, 5 July 1966) – Poet. At first he worked as locksmith, messenger and book salesman. He published in the newspapers of Budapest. His first volume Flood (Áradás), appeared at Újpest. One of his books was confiscated in 1940. He published more than ten volumes. Some of them are Bleeding Days (Vérző napok) (1927); Alone (Egyedül), (1928); Merciful Poverty (Irgalmas szegénység) (1931); Selected Poems (Válogatott versek) (1944); Whip and Olive Branch (Ostor és Olajág) (1957), and To be Worthy of Myself (Magamhoz méltóan) (1965). He received the Baumgarten Prize (1944) and the Attila József Prize (1965). – B: 0932, 1257, T: 7103.

Berde, Mária Julianna (Mary Juliana) (Mrs. Jenő Róth) (Kackó now Căţcâu, Romania, 5 February 1889 – Kolozsvár, now Cluj-Napoca, Romania, 20 February 1949) – Writer, poetess. In 1912 she obtained a Ph.D. in Arts, in 1917 a Teacher’s Degree from the University of Kolozsvár (now Cluj-Napoca, Romania). Thereafter she taught in Nagyenyed (now Aiud, Romania) and Marosvásárhely (now Tirgu-Mures, Romania). After the territory was ceded to Romania in 1920, she obtained a Romanian Teacher’s Degree in 1923. Later she settled in Nagyvárad (now Oradea, Romania), became a member of the Transylvanian Literary Society (Erdélyi Irodalmi Társaság) (1919), and in 1920 that of the Zsigmond Kemény Society (Kemény Zsigmond Társaság). In 1920 and 1921 she was Editor at the literary review Grim Times (Zord Idő). In 1933 she was one of the founding members of the Hungarian Writers Guild in Transylvania under Romanian rule. She first appeared with her poems prior to World War I, and soon became a notable figure in the Hungarian literary life of Transylvania. She wrote mostly novels, unveiled the problems of her own era by a realistic and high-standard literary style. She also wrote several stage-plays and published a collection of Szekler folk-tales. Her poems appeared in German, French and Romanian. She also translated literary masterpieces and some of Ion Creanga’s writings into Hungarian. Her works include novels such as Earthquake (Földindulás) (1929); Fiery Furnace (Tüzes kemence) (1936) and Men of Daybreak, vols. i, ii (A hajnal emberei I-II) (1943). She was awarded the Baumgarten Prize and the Amália Ormódy Prize of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. – B: 0883, 1257, T: 7456.→Kemény, Baron Zsigmond.

Bereck, György (George) (Briccius), (Vízakna, now Ocna Sibiului, Romania, 1668 - Kolozsvár now Cluj-Napoca, Romania, August 1620) – Physician. He studied Theology, Philosophy and Medical Sciences at the Reformed College, Nagyenyed (now Aiud, Romania). Thereafter he went abroad for postgraduate studies at Frankurt an der Oder, Franekera and Leyden. In 1695, he obtained a Doctorate in Medicine. A year later he returned to Hungary and settled in Kolozsvár (now Cluj-Napoca, Romania), where he practised medicine and prepared medications. In his diary he reports the vicissitudes of the Kuruc age that he was involved with as field doctor in the staff of General Count Sándor (Alexander) Károlyi. In 1703, he became a city councilor; and from 1703, he was a judge of the Royal Law Court, and its President in 1715. His works include Disputatio medica de peripneuma, Dissertatio inaug. medica de colica passione (both in 1695), His Diary (reliable records from 1693 to 1717) was published in Pest (1860). – B: 0883, 1031, T: 7103.→Kuruc; Károlyi, Count Sándor.

Berecz, András (Andrew) (Budapest, 29 October 1957 -) – Folklorist, folk tale collector, performer; learned the first folk songs from his mother. He worked as an unskilled stevedore and forest-worker and was also a law student. For twenty years he collected the folklore of Transylvania (Erdély, now in Romania), Northern Hungary (Upland, Felvidék, now Slovakia), in Moldova (Romania), in the Nyírség, Szatmár and the Somogy regions of Hungary. He is an itinerant performer. Besides appearing frequently on television, he is well received not only in Hungary but also in the detached former Hungarian territories, and in Hungarian areas of the Carpathian Basin and, in Hungarian communities of Western Europe, Canada, and in the United States. He has a number of audiotapes, CDs, and has produced television shows. His work includes Grief Brings it, Humor Carries it (Bú hozza, kedv hordozza), folklore study (1997), and a volume was produced not long ago about the beer-praising poetry of ethnically and linguistically related peoples. He received the Young Master of Folk-Art Prize (1985), the Prize for Hungarian Art (1990), the Gold Cross of Merit of the Republic of Hungary (1993), and the Kossuth Prize (2011). – B: 1663, T: 7103.

Bereczki, Gábor (Gabriel) (Békés, 24 March 1928 -) – Linguist, folklorist, literary translator. He studied at the University of Budapest (1948-1949), then at the University of Bucharest (1949-1952). He was an assistant scientific researcher at the Philological Institute of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (1953-1956). He taught at the Finno-Ugrian Department of the State University of Leningrad (now St Petersburg) from 1956-1973. Between 1973 and 1993 he was a professor of the Finno-Ugrian Department of the University of Budapest, and professor at the University of Udine, Italy (1958-1979). With László (Ladislas) Vikár he collected and published the folk music of more than 300 villages along the Volga-Kama Rivers (Votjak, Mordvin, Tartar, Bashkir etc.). His main research field is the Cheremis language. He translated some of their literary works into Hungarian. Some of his publications are: Grundzüge des tscheremischen Sprachengeschichte (Principal Features of History of the Chereremiss Language) (1992); From the Neva to the Ural (A Névától az Uralig) (1994); The Finno-Ugrian Foundations of the Hungarian Language (A magyar nyelv finnugor alapjai), university textbook (1996), and Introduction to Baltic Finn-Ugrian Linguistics (Bevezetés a balti finnugor nyelvészetbe) (2000). He received the Academy Prize (1986). – B: 0874, 1257, 1031, T: 7103, 7456→Vikár, László.

Bereczky, Albert (Budapest, 10 August 1893 - Budapest, 4 July 1966) – Bishop of the Reformed Church, theologian, politician. He studied Theology at the Reformed Theological Academy, Pápa (1912-1916) and in Basel (1916). He was Assistant Minister in Salgótarján and Minister in Dunabogdány (1919-1924). He was Director of the Hungarian Tractate Society, of the Sylvester Press, General Secretary of the Faith and Service Movement, and Minister in Tahitótfalu (1926-1930). With Zoltán Tildy he organized the first and the second Reformed Assemblies in Tahitótfalu. He moved to Budapest with the Sylvester Press. He was Minister in the Tutaj Street Congregation that later became the Pozsonyi Street Congregation, after its new church was completed in 1938; Minister in the Calvin Square Church, Budapest (1953-1958); and Bishop of the Danubian Church District (1948-1958). In 1944, while working in the Independent Front, a resistance organization, he sheltered and saved the lives of many Jews. In 1946 he was Political Undersecretary of the Ministry of Culture and Member of Parliament representing the Smallholders’ Party. He was Chair of the Foreign Affairs Committee of (1945-1946); President of the National Reformed Free Council of Nyíregyháza (1946-1947); member of the Committee that prepared the nationalization of schools (1948); member of the Committee that prepared the “Agreement” between the Reformed Church and the State (1948). He initiated the Narrow Path of Theology (A keskeny út teológiája) that put the Church in a subordinate position to the restrictive will of the Communist State. Its result was that while in theory, Church was separated from the State, in practice the Church was subjugated to the State. He was a presidium member of the National Peace Council, the Patriotic People’s Front and the World Peace Council. He was editor of several church papers and wrote a number of articles. His main works include The Hungarian Protestantism Against the Persecution of Jews (A magyar protestantiznus a zsidóüldözés ellen) (1945); Between Two Judgements, vols. i-ii (Két ítélet között, I-II) (1947); Security, Certainty, Peace (Biztonság, Bizonyosság, Békesség) (1948); The Narrow Way (A keskeny út) (1953), and Obedience in Faith (Hitben való engedelmesség) (1961). He received an Honorary Doctorate from the Comenius Faculty of the University of Prague. He was a recipient of the Banner Order Second Class of the People’s Republic of Hungary. – B: 0910, T: 7103.→Reformed Church in Hungary; Tildy, Zoltán; Bartha, Tibor; Reformed Free Council, National; Patriotic People’s Front.

Beregi, Oszkár (Oscar) (Budapest, 20 February 1876 - Los Angeles, 19 October 1965) – Actor. Following his studies in Philosophy at the University of Budapest, he studied acting at the Academy of Dramatic Art. He appeared on stage with the Krecsányi Ensemble in 1895, and after some acting in Kolozsvár (now Cluj-Napoca, Romania) he received a contract first with the Comedy Theater (Vígszínház), Budapest and then in Pozsony (now Bratislava, Slovakia). He traveled frequently to Vienna, as the artistry of Kainz had great influence on him. He learned from him an excellent speech technique. In 1899 he became a member of the National Theater (Nemzeti Színház), Budapest and was given important roles during the directorship of László (Ladislas) Beöthy. His first great success came in 1900 with Shakespeare’s Troilus and Cressida; the strong sexual undertone caused a sensation at the conservative Theater. Between 1907 and 1910 Max Reinhardt directed him in Berlin; then he returned to the National Theater, Budapest. From then on he was the only actor to play young characters of classical dramatic roles, such as Hamlet, Rostand, Othello, Brutus, Prince Heny, Faust. He was from the old school; however, his restless, highly-strung nature made him a modern actor. Between 1920 and 1925 he worked in Vienna; between 1925 and 1929 he acted in films in the United States; in 1930 he played in the Hungarian Theater (Magyar Színház), later in the Inner City Theater (Belvárosi Színház), the Comedy Theater (Vígszínház) and the Theater of Pest (Pesti Színház). After World War II, he became a permanent member of the National Theater (Nemzeti Színház) but could not adapt himself to the new ensemble and in 1946 he left again for the United States. After much wandering he settled in Hollywood, where he performed in film roles. He also wrote his autobiography. – B: 0871, 1031, T: 7684.→Beöthy, László.

Beregszászy, Lajos (Louis) (Békés, 5 January, 1817 - Budapest, 4 April 1891) – Piano builder, inventor. He learned his trade at Temesvár (now Timişoara, Romania), Pest, Hamburg, London and Vienna. Between 1846 and 1879 he worked in Pest and owned a piano-manufacturing firm. Franz Liszt mentioned his work with appreciation. Among his famous inventions were a new piano key system and the so-called “cello, lowest register”. The German piano builder Bösendorfer bought both his inventions and used them after 1878 in his world famous pianos. Bösendorfer used the Resonanzboden (Sounding board) as “System Beregszászy” in his instruments. – B: 1160, T: 7684.→Liszt, Ferenc.

Berek, Kati (Catherine) (Katalin) (Makó, 7 October 1930 - ) – Actress. She came from a poor family of five children; lost her father early and grew up on a farm. She always wanted to become an actress. From 1944 to 1947 she performed as a volunteer amateur actress. In Szeged she met Béla Balázs, who arranged her admission to a college and to the Academy of Dramatic Arts, Budapest. She studied with Endre (Andrew) Gellért, Oszkár (Oscar) Ascher, Endre (Andrew) Marton and Béla Both. In 1952 she joined the National Theater, Budapest (Nemzeti Színház). In 1970 she helped to create the new “25th Theater”. In 1974 she returned to the National Theater; then in 1975 joined the Kisfaludy Theater of Győr; and from 1991 to 1993 she was with the József Katona Theater of Kecskemét. She appeared on radio, television, movies, worked on the stage, directed, and was an educator as well. Her roles include Adela and Poncia in García Lorca’s The House of Bernarda Alba (Bernarda háza), Hermia in Shakespeare’s A Midsummer-Night’s Dream (Szentivánéji álom); Regan in Shakespeare’s King Lear (Lear király); Misi Nyilas in Móricz’s Be Good Unto Death (Légy jó mindhalálig); Anna in Gorkij’s Night House of Refuge (Éjjeli menedékhely); Nelly in Örkény’s Key-seekers (Kulcskeresők); Sarolt in Szörényi-Bródy’s Stephen the King (István, a király); Mrs. Pernelle in Moliére’s Tartuffe; Lucifer in Madách’s The Tragedy of Man (Az ember tragédiája); Princess Plata-Ettingen in Molnár’s Olympia, and Cecília in Kálmán’s The Gypsy Princess (Csárdáskirálynő). Her feature film-roles include The Marriage of Katalin Kis (Kis Katalin házassága); Life-signal (Életjel); Dialogue (Párbeszéd), and Heavenly Bird (Égi madár). She also worked as a stage manager. She received the Farkas-Ratkó Prize, the Mari Jászai Prize twice, the Radnóti Prize, the Madách Prize, the titles of Merited Artst, Outstanding Artist, and as the Actor of the Nation (2000). – B: 0874, 1031, T: 7103.→Ascher, Oszkár; Both. Béla; Gellért, Endre; Marton Endre; Várkonyi Zoltán.

Bereményi, Géza (Vetro) (Budapest, 25 January 1946 - ) – Writer, producer. His higher studies were at the University of Budapest (1964-1970) where he read Hungarian and Italian Literature. From 1971 to 1978 he worked as a synchronic-dramaturgist at the Pannonia Film Studio, Budapest. From 1978 to 1995 he was a freelance writer. Between 1995 and 1997 he was a stage manager at the Szigligeti Theater (Szigligeti Színház), Szolnok. He held the same position at the Sándor Hevesi Theater (Hevesi Sándor Színház) at Zalaegerszeg from 1997. He is a member of the European Film Academy. His works include The Swedish King (A svéd király) short stories (1970); Collection of Legends (Legendárium) novel (1977); Trilogy (Trilógia) dramas (1983), and Songs (Dalok) (1992). Some of his film-scripts are Romance (Romanatika); Time Stands Still (Megáll az idő), and The Penultimate Judgment (Az utolsóelőtti ítélet); his scripts for television include The Wedding Guests (Násznép) and Eldorado. He also excels as a lyric writer. He has already received a number of prizes, including the Attila József Prize (1984), the Béla Balázs Prize (1989), the Félix Prize (1989) and the Kossuth Prize (2001). – B: 0874, 1257, T: 7103.→Cseh, Tamás.

Berend, T. Iván (Ivan T.) (Budapest, 11 December 1930 - ) – Historian. His higher studies were at the University of Budapest (1949-1953). From 1949 to 1979 he held various positions at the University of Economics such as lecturer, professor and dean. He was Secretary General of the Hungarian Historical Society (1975-1979); President of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (1985-1990). He was a member of the Central Committee of the Hungarian Socialist Workers Party – MSZMP) (1988-1989). Since 1990 he has been Professor of History at the University of California, Los Angeles, Director of the Center of European and Russian Institute of UCLA (1993). He is a member of a number of related societies and institutions including the Royal Historical Society, and a corresponding member of the British Academy. His works include The Industry of Hungary 1900-1914 (Magyarország Gyáripara 1900-1914) with Gy. Ránki (1955); Hundred Years of the Hungarian Economy 1848-1944 (A magyar gazdaság száz éve 1848-1944), with Gy. Ránki) (1973); edited Transition to a Market Economy at the End of the 20th Century, (1994), and On a Diverted Way (Terelőúton) (1999). He is a member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (1973). He received the Kossuth Prize (1961), the Academy Prize (1965, 1966), the János Apáczai Csere Prize (1981), and the State Prize (1985). – B: 0874, 1257, T: 7103.→Ránki, György (1).

Berény, Róbert (Budapest, 18 March 1887 - Budapest, 10 September 1953) – Painter. In 1904 he was Tivadar (Theodore) Zemplényi’s student; but continued his studies in Paris, where Césanne’s art had a decisive impact on him. In 1906 he exhibited at the Salon d’Autumne. He joined the “Group of Eight” in Budapest in 1911. In 1919 he created the war poster “To arms!” (Fegyverbe!) for the Council (Soviet) Republic of Hungary. He was also contributor to the literary review West (Nyugat). Between 1919 and 1926 he lived in Berlin. From 1935 he lived and worked in Zebegény. His studio in Zebegény and many of his paintings were destroyed at the end of Word War II in 1945. In 1948 he was appointed professor of the Academy of Applied Art. He gradually turned from expressionism and cubism toward the Nagybánya tradition. He had a number of exhibitions. He is regarded as one of the masters of modern Hungarian painting. His works include Still Life (Csendélet) (1907), Portrait of Bertalan Poór (1907), Garden (Kert) (1911), Portrait of Béla Bartók (1913), Woman in the Green Room (Nő zöld szobában) (1927), and Woman with Violoncello II (Csellózó nő II), Painter before the Wall (Festő a fal előtt) (1945). He received the Szinnyei Prize (1936). – B: 0883, 0934, T: 7103.→Czigány, Dezső; Nagybánya Artist Colony; Eight, The Group of.

Béres, Alexandra (Budapest, May 7 1976 - ) – Fitness champion. Her higher studies were at the School of Physical Training, Budapest. Between 1982 and 1994 she participated in gymnastic competitions. From 1994 onward she was fitness competitor and champion in Hungary. In 1996 she became European and World Champion. In 1999 she was European Champion again. She coaches children and adults at the Alexandra Fitness Club. – B: 0874, 1031, T: 7103.

Béres, Ferenc (Francis) (Gagybátor, 3 December 1922 - Budapest, 6 July 1996) – Singer (Tenor). He completed his high school studies at the Reformed College of Sárospatak. In 1945 he moved to Budapest and lived in the Petőfi College. He studied Ethnography and History of Art at the University of Budapest. He founded the Artistic College of the People Ensembles (Népi Együttesek Művészeti Kollégiuma). In 1948 he became a soloist of the Army Ensemble (Honvéd Együttes), which later became the Artist Ensemble of the Hungarian People’s Army (A Magyar Néphadsereg Művészegyüttese). He was a private singer of the National Philharmonic Society (Országos Filharmónia). His interest was folk music and folk hymns. From 1946 he was an itinerant singer and his mission was to bring everywhere the best pieces of folk songs and folk hymns, with the purpose of letting Hungarians know the art and beauty of the national treasury of folk songs. He visited Hungarian communities on five continents. During his lifetime he performed more than ten thousand concerts in Hungary, the neighboring countries and Finland, Western Europe, Australia and New Zealand. In Britain, during a four-month-long tour, he gave 120 performances. He was also in Canada, the USA and Japan. In Transylvania (Erdély, now in Romania) he gave 65 charity concerts in 1991-1992. He was warmly received everywhere and was an instant success. His frequent accompanist was the organist Endre (Andrew) Kovács. He liked Reformed psalms and hymns not only as valued pieces of Hungarian cultural history, but also as his personal credo. During the time of the Communist atheism his service helped people to stand firm and appreciate their religious and cultural heritage. He made several recordings as well. He was well known at home and abroad. In 1968 he laid the foundation of the Art Gallery of Sárospatak by donating his collection of paintings and other works of art. His distinctions include the Franz Liszt Prize, the Outstanding Artist title, and the Officer’s Cross of the Order of Merit of the Republic of Hungary. His bust is in the garden of the Reformed College of Sárospatak and he received an honorary citizenship from the town of Sárospatak. – B: 0900, T: 7103.→Kovács, Endre.

Béres, Ilona (Helen) (Kispest, 4 June 1942 - ) – Actress. She did her higher studies at the Academy of Dramatic Art, Budapest (1960-1964), where she studied with Géza Pártos. She was a member of the Csokonai Theater (Csokonai Színház), Debrecen (1964-1966); the Madách Theater (Madách Színház), Budapest, (1966-1967); the National Theater (Nemzeti Színház), Budapest (1967-1969); the Comedy Theater (1969-1984) (Vígszínház); the National Theater (Nemzeti Színház) (1984-2000) and from 2000, the Hungarian Theater of Pest (Pesti Magyar Színház), and is President of the Hungarian National Actors’ Association. She played more than 75 major classical and modern roles, including Vilma in M. Füst’s The Unhappy Ones (Boldogtalanok); Hippia in Madách’s The Tragedy of Man (Az ember tragédiája); Hermia in Shakespeare’s A Midsummer-Night’s Dream (Szeniványéji álom); Alma Winemiller in T. Williams’ Summer and Smoke (Nyár és füst); Natasa in Chechov’s Three Sisters (Három nővér); Beatrix in Molnár’s The Swan (Hattyú), and Albertin Prine in L. Hellman’s Toys in the Attic (Rejtett játékok). She also appeared in a number of feature films including Rainy Sunday (Esős vasárnap); The Golden Man (Az aranyember); Golden Kite (Aranysárkány), Lost Illusions (Elveszett illúziók), and TV plays such as The Reigning Prince (A fejedelem); Gabseck; Girls of Tündérlak (Tündérlaki lányok), and Hospitality (Vendéglátás). She received the Mari Jászai Prize (1973) the titles of Merited Artist and Outstanding Artist (1983, 1996) the Officer’s Cross of Order of Merit of the Republic of Hungary (1992), and the Kossuth Prize (2000). She is Life Member of the National Theater, Budapest. – B: 1120, 1439, 1445, T: 7103.

Béres, József (Joseph) (Záhony, 7 February 1920 - Kisvárda, 26 March 2006) – Research chemist. His higher studies were at the Agricultural College at Gödöllő (1965). He did post-graduate studies in Engineering. He fought in World War II (1941-1945) and has been injured. After his return he was a co-operative manager, construction worker, and Head of the Laboratory of the State Agricultural Farm at Kisvárda. From 1964 to 1989 he was employed as a research fellow by the Agricultural Experimental Research Institute of Nyírség until his retirement in 1989. In 1989 he was one of the founders of Béres Export-Import Ltd.; and since 1990 he was a member of a Budapest research team. Beside his agricultural research he turned toward the investigation of cancerous growths in humans and their prevention. He developed an anti-cancer drug, the “Béres Drops” (Béres Cseppek), invented during the early 1970s. Taking the drops not only alleviated the pain associated with advanced cancer, but in some cases it cured the cancer itself. The chemist, who worked in Kisvárda, could not accept money for the drug that he developed because he was not a qualified physician. The fame of Béres Drops soon traveled abroad as well and, as a consequence, many hopeless cancer patients visited him. He went bankrupt and later became mentally ill. Under Hungarian public pressure and opinion, as well as the results of changes in the political system, the dramatic effect of the Béres Drops was demonstrated in a film presentation in 1987. It proved to be effective. However, it was not accepted officially as registered medication until 1991. The drug had to undergo all the regulatory animal and clinical experiments and tests. Finally, this natural drug was qualified as registered medication. In 1992 he isolated and induced the reproduction of genes triggering cellular proliferation in cell culture. His works include 47 scientific publications. He was honored with the Natural Healing Prize (1993), the Teichmann Prize (1995) and the Széchenyi Prize (2002). – B: 0873, 1473, T: 7103, 7660.


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