Chapter 10 Solar Energy and Climates (pages 362 399 in your text) Chapter 10. 3 – Distributing the Heat
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- Oceans and Mountains Influence Climate
Jet Streams 
Jet streams are currents of extremely fast-moving air about 10-15 km above Earth’s surface. Jet streams form at the boundaries of cold and warm air. Jet streams are usually larger in the winter when the temperature difference between cold and warm air masses is greatest. Intense winds within jet streams influence precipitation and thunderstorms. What to do: Answer the questions below. Question 4. In which direction does air move with regards to pressure areas? Air moves from a high-pressure area to a low-pressure area. Question 5. Why does an area of high pressure form where the air is cold? When air cools, it contracts and becomes more dense. A column of more dense air exerts more pressure and, thus, forms an area of high pressure.
this deflection called? The deflection of airflow due to Earth’s rotation is called the Coriolis effect. Oceans and Mountains Influence Climate Sea and land breezes form as a result of the vastly different specific heat capacities of water and land. Water heats and cools at a slower rate than land. This results in a temperature differential between the two bodies. Sea Breeze (occurs during the day) 
A – Sun’s rays warm the land faster than they warm the water B – Warm air is less dense; warm air rises. C – Air over the water is cooler; cool air is more dense and sinks. D – Cool air flows towards land to replace the warm air that has risen Land Breeze (occurs at night) 
A – The sea loses heat more slowly than the land. The air over the sea is warmer. B – Warm air over the sea rises. C – Air over land is cooler; cool air is more dense and sinks. D – Cool air flows towards the sea to replace the warm air that has risen.
What to Do: Answer each question in the space provided.1. Explain why different surfaces absorb different amounts of solar energy. The phenomenon is called albedo. Dark surfaces absorb solar energy, while light surfaces reflect solar energy. 2. Match the description in column A with the correct term in column B. Write the term in the line beside the description.
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