Chicago Debate League 2013/14 Core Files


Country-specific Non-Unique: Mexico 247



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Country-specific Non-Unique: Mexico 247



1) Mexico’s government is already corrupt, taking billions in bribes from mega-corporations totaling 9% of its GDP.
TIME MAGAZINE, 12

[Tim Padgett, staff writer ; “Tale of Two Corruptos: Brazil and Mexico on Different Transparency Paths,”

12/06, http://world.time.com/2012/12/06/tale-of-two-corruptos-brazil-and-mexico-on-different-transparency-paths/]
Mexico, meanwhile, can still look as if it’s in denial about the entrenched corruption that according to the World Bank costs the country 9% of its trillion-dollar GDP each year. Last month the federal anticorruption agency all but absolved Mexican officials and retail giant Walmart — despite deeply detailed evidence published in April by the New York Times that the company had allegedly paid government administrators some $25 million in bribes to unfairly obtain permits and other favors. Little wonder that business monopolies, which can hold market shares as high as 95%, still suffocate Mexico’s economy, or that a dysfunctional justice system can’t rein in narcoviolence.


Country-specific Non-Unique: Venezuela [1/2] 248



1) Venezuela already has high levels of corruption.
TIME MAGAZINE, 12

[Tim Padgett, staff writer; “Tale of Two Corruptos: Brazil and Mexico on Different Transparency Paths,”

12/06, http://world.time.com/2012/12/06/tale-of-two-corruptos-brazil-and-mexico-on-different-transparency-paths/]
Venezuela’s socialist President Hugo Chávez rode to power 14 years ago denouncing the oil-rich nation’s epic corruption. But his Bolivarian revolution only seems to have embraced it. Today, Venezuela is more often cited for South America’s worst murder rate, one of the world’s highest inflation rates, negligible foreign investment and a judicial system subject to el comandante’s whims. Latin America is full of leaders who promise to crack down on corruption. What it needs is more leaders who crack down on corruption.
2) Non-governmental Organization reports prove Venezuela is already very corrupt.
EL UNIVERSAL, 12

[“NGO: Venezuela is the most corrupt country in Latin America,” 12/05, http://www.eluniversal.com/nacional-y-politica/121205/ngo-venezuela-is-the-most-corrupt-country-in-latin-america]


Unlike Chile and Paraguay, whose corruption levels are the lowest in Latin America, Venezuela ranked among the most corrupt nations in the region, according to NGO Transparency International (TI) annual report, released in Germany on Wednesday. The report comprises 176 countries. Denmark, Finland, and New Zeeland obtained the highest qualification, 90 out of 100 points, AFP explained.
3) Corruption is high in Venezuela due to expanded government employment and misuse of public funds.
ROBERTS AND DAGA, 13

[James, Research Fellow for Economic Freedom and Growth in the Center for International Trade and Economics; Sergio, Visiting Senior Policy Analyst for Economic Freedom in Latin America at The Heritage Foundation; “Venezuela: U.S. Should Push President Maduro Toward Economic Freedom,” 04/15, http://www.heritage.org/research/reports/2013/04/venezuela-us-should-push-president-maduro-toward-economic-freedom]


As reported in the Index, political interference in Venezuela’s judicial system has become routine, and corruption is rampant. The landscape in Caracas and elsewhere in the country is littered with half-finished, publicly funded infrastructure and housing projects. The government funds needed to complete them often disappear. As government expanded under Chavez, corruption became institutionalized. Chavez doubled the size of the public sector, many of whose 2.4 million[7] employees have no real job other than to work to keep the regime in power. A World Economic Forum (WEF) survey found little trust among businesses, politicians, the judicial system, and the police in Venezuela.[8] The tragic result is that Venezuela is now one of the most dangerous countries of the world. According to the Venezuelan Violence Observatory, in 2012 nearly 22,000 people were murdered.[9]

Country-specific Non-Unique: Cuba 249



1) Castro’s anti-corruption campaign is just for show, the government still owns all the businesses and does not disclose financial decisions.
3 NEWS, 11

[Paul Haven, “Cuba targets corruption amid economic reform,”11/20, http://www.3news.co.nz/Cuba-targets-corruption-amid-economic-reform/tabid/417/articleID/233360/Default.aspx]


While the non-profit Transparency International says Cuba ranks better than average worldwide in a measure of corruption and is third best in Latin America and the Caribbean, graft here can be more corrosive because the state controls nearly the entire economy. Companies wanting to do business with Cuba must present their cases directly to midlevel government officials who may make about $20 a month. There is no open bidding for contracts and decisions go unexplained, which businessmen say opens the possibility of graft. A South American importer with a decade of experience selling food products to Cuba before he was expelled for alleged corruption in 2009 said the payoffs can take many forms: from the gift of a bit of gas money, a free meal or a computer pen drive for a relatively junior "international purchaser," to free trips abroad, computers, flat-screen TVs or large deposits of cash in foreign bank accounts for senior officials. "The forms of persuasion - let's call it that - are nearly infinite," he said, adding that the system is so pervasive that "a businessman must always have a wad of cash to stuff the pocket of a guayabera," the loose-fitting traditional Cuban dress shirt.



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