Committee of experts on the transport of dangerous goods and on the globally harmonized system of classification


PROPOSAL 1 – Uniform Shock Energy for Lithium Batteries



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PROPOSAL 1 – Uniform Shock Energy for Lithium Batteries

This proposal is intended to address consistency of the shock energy pulse

38.3.4.4 Test T.4: Shock
38.3.4.4.1 Purpose

This test simulates possible assesses robustness of cell and battery against cumulative impacts during transport.


38.3.4.4.2 Test procedure

Test cells and batteries shall be secured to the testing machine by means of a rigid mount which will support all mounting surfaces of each test battery. Each cell or battery shall be subjected to a half-sine shock of peak acceleration of 150 gn and pulse duration of 6 milliseconds. Large cells and large batteries shall be subjected to a half-sine shock of peak acceleration of 50 gn and pulse duration of 11 milliseconds. Each cell or battery shall be subjected to three shocks in the positive direction followed by three shocks in the negative direction of three mutually perpendicular mounting positions of the cell or battery for a total of 18 shocks.


However, large cells and large batteries shall be subjected to a half-sine shock of peak acceleration of 50 gn and pulse duration of 11 milliseconds. Each cell or battery is subjected to three shocks in the positive direction followed by three shocks in the negative direction of each of three mutually perpendicular mounting positions of the cell for a total of 18 shocks.
However, batteries shall be subjected to a half-sine shock of peak acceleration depending on the mass of the battery. The pulse duration should be adjusted for the change in peak acceleration such that the total energy of the shock pulse remains consistent. (Note: The peak acceleration can be increased to minimize the pulse duration to accommodate specific test equipment capability such that the total shock pulse energy remains consistent). The formulas below are provided to calculate the appropriate peak acceleration and corresponding pulse width.
Peak Acceleration (gn) ≥
Pulse duration (s)
The minimum peak acceleration for any battery shall be 10 gn.

The maximum peak acceleration for any battery shall be 150 gn and the pulse duration at 150 gn shall be 6 milliseconds.

The minimum peak acceleration for any test shall be 25 gn.
Each battery shall be subjected to three shocks in the positive direction followed by three shocks in the negative direction of three mutually perpendicular mounting positions of the battery for a total of 18 shocks.
Cells and batteries meet this requirement if there is no mass loss, no leakage, no venting, no disassembly and no fire and if the open circuit voltage of each test cell or battery after testing is not less than 90% of its voltage immediately prior to this procedure. The requirement related to voltage is not applicable to test cells and batteries at fully discharged states.

PROPOSAL 2 – Uniform Shock Energy for Large Format Batteries Only
38.3.4.4 Test T.4: Shock
38.3.4.4.1 Purpose

This test simulates possible assesses robustness of cell and battery against cumulative impacts during transport.


38.3.4.4.2 Test procedure

Test cells and batteries shall be secured to the testing machine by means of a rigid mount which will support all mounting surfaces of each test battery. Each cell or battery shall be subjected to a half-sine shock of peak acceleration of 150 gn and pulse duration of 6 milliseconds. Large cells and large batteries shall be subjected to a half-sine shock of peak acceleration of 50 gn and pulse duration of 11 milliseconds. Each cell or battery shall be subjected to three shocks in the positive direction followed by three shocks in the negative direction of three mutually perpendicular mounting positions of the cell or battery for a total of 18 shocks.


However, large cells and large batteries shall be subjected to a half-sine shock of peak acceleration of 50 gn and pulse duration of 11 milliseconds. Each cell or battery is subjected to three shocks in the positive direction followed by three shocks in the negative direction of each of three mutually perpendicular mounting positions of the cell for a total of 18 shocks.
However, large batteries shall be subjected to a half-sine shock of peak acceleration depending on the mass or battery. The pulse duration should be adjusted for the change in peak acceleration such that the total energy of the shock pulse remains consistent. (Note: The peak acceleration can be increased to minimize the pulse duration to accommodate specific test equipment capability such that the total shock pulse energy remains consistent). The formulas below are provided to calculate the appropriate peak acceleration and corresponding pulse width.
Peak Acceleration (gn)
Pulse duration (s)
The minimum peak acceleration for any large battery shall be 10 gn.
Each large battery shall be subjected to three shocks in the positive direction followed by three shocks in the negative direction of three mutually perpendicular mounting positions of the battery for a total of 18 shocks.
Cells and batteries meet this requirement if there is no mass loss, no leakage, no venting, no disassembly and no fire and if the open circuit voltage of each test cell or battery after testing is not less than 90% of its voltage immediately prior to this procedure. The requirement related to voltage is not applicable to test cells and batteries at fully discharged states.



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