Compiled Aff Answers
Aff- N/UQ- UN Sending them In too
Download 1.62 Mb.
|
- Navigate this page:
- Aff- N/UQ- UN Sending them
- Aff- N/UQ A2: Budget Cuts
Aff- N/UQ- UN Sending them In tooAnd the UN is now using contractors- means they increase with or without US Lynch 10 (Colum, WA post staff writer, Foreign Policy, Jan 17.10, http://turtlebay.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2010/01/17/un_embraces_private_military_contractors ) ET For years, the U.N.'s top peacekeepers have been among the world's staunchest critics of private security contractors, often portraying them as unaccountable mercenaries. Now they are clients. As the U.N. prepares to expand its operations in Afghanistan, it is in talks with a British security firm to send in scores of additional Nepalese Gurkhas to the country to protect them. The UN accelerates worldwide use of contractors Lynch 10 (Colum, WA post staff writer, Foreign Policy, Jan 17.10, http://turtlebay.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2010/01/17/un_embraces_private_military_contractors ) ET The U.N.'s top security official, Gregory Starr, the former head of U.S. State Department Security, has also been advocating an increase in the use of private security firms in Pakistan, where U.N. relief workers have been the target of kidnappings and killings, according to U.N. officials. The embrace of a private security contractor marks a shift for the United Nations, which has relied on governments to supply peacekeepers to protect U.N. staff. In Iraq, the U.N. used a contingent of Fijian peacekeepers for protection. But it has accelerated its move toward hired guns in Pakistan since the Taliban launched an October attack against a U.N. residence, killing five U.N. employees, including two Afghan security guards, and triggered the withdrawal of U.N. personnel from the country. UN’s top security advisor defends contractors- builds their reputation worldwide Lynch 10 (Colum, WA post staff writer, Foreign Policy, Jan 17.10, http://turtlebay.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2010/01/17/un_embraces_private_military_contractors ) ET Those officials will return along with an additional 800 U.N. staff that have been budgeted for the Afghan mission. The latest drive has been led by Starr, who relied heavily on private security contractors to protect American diplomats in Iraq and Afghanistan. Starr who joined the U.N. last May, once defended the security company Xe Services, formerly known as Blackwater USA, following allegations that it killed Iraqi civilians. "Essentially, I think they do a very good job," he told Reuters in 2008. The UN is backing contractors and uses them in Afghanistan and Pakistan Lynch 10 (Colum, WA post staff writer, Foreign Policy, Jan 17.10, http://turtlebay.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2010/01/17/un_embraces_private_military_contractors ) ET Starr declined to discuss the U.N.'s policy. But a U.N. spokesman, Farhan Haq, responded on behalf of Starr. "He wanted you to know that our understanding of the current usage of the term ‘Private Security Contractors' typically refers to contractors doing close protection work for movement security, such as Blackwater/Xe, Triple Canopy, Dyncorps, Aegis, and many other companies providing this type of service. However, the U.N. doesn't avail itself of this type of service. We do use some private companies to provide static security guards at some sites in Afghanistan and Pakistan, but primarily rely on host countries to provide our security." Aff- N/UQ- UN Sending themThe UN is transitioning from peacekeepers to PMCs – makes PMC surge inevitable Lynch 10 (Colum, WA post staff writer, Foreign Policy, Jan 17.10, http://turtlebay.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2010/01/17/un_embraces_private_military_contractors ) ET But a study by the Humanitarian Policy Group of security by the U.N. and other humanitarian organizations shows that U.N. peacekeepers have been quietly turning to private security, particularly in hazard stations like Somalia and Afghanistan. And the U.N.'s secretary general, Ban Ki-moon, recently confirmed that his organization will have to turn to the private sector to protect its people. In Afghanistan, the U.N. has contracted an Afghan subsidiary of the London-based company, IDG Security Ltd., to provide 169 Gurkhas, according to figures compiled by the U.N. Mission in Afghanistan (some U.N. officials say there may be as many as 400 Gurkhas protecting U.N. officials). They are charged with supplementing security provided by the Afghan National Police. Aff- N/UQ A2: Budget CutsAnd, their budget cut arguments don’t apply- this budget is the highest defense budget in post WWII history Goodman July 7th ( Melvin, senior fellow at the Center for International Policy and adjunct professor of government at Johns Hopkins University, http://www.consortiumnews.com/2010/070610c.html , Consortium News 7.7.10) ET Through this period, reaching from Ronald Reagan to Obama, military spending has continued to increase, with the United States outspending the entire rest of the world on weapons systems. The $708 billion defense budget for 2011 is higher than at any point in America’s post-World War II history. It is 16 percent higher than the 1952 Korean War budget peak and 36 percent higher than the 1968 Vietnam War budget peak in constant dollars. Yet some Pentagon leaders see this spending level as restraint. Defense Secretary Robert Gates argues that the budget plan “rebalances” spending by emphasizing near-term challenges of counter-insurgency, counter-terrorism, and stabilization operations. And the budget increases defend spending and grows each year Goodman July 7th ( Melvin, senior fellow at the Center for International Policy and adjunct professor of government at Johns Hopkins University, http://www.consortiumnews.com/2010/070610c.html , Consortium News 7.7.10) ET But the current budget plan makes no effort at prioritizing these near-term commitments against funding for long-term commitments. Instead, it increases funding for both near-term and long-term programs. Despite complaints from deficit hawks, the military-industrial hawks still rule the roost. Overall procurement spending will rise by nearly 8 percent in the 2011 budget, covering virtually all of the equipment the services wanted. Historically, the costs to operate and maintain the U.S. military tend to grow at about 2.5 percent. Not this year. The basic defense budget request seeks more than $200 billion, or an 8.5 percent increase, in funding for Operations and Maintenance. And the defense budget is growing and grew more than 50% in recent years- non unique Goodman July 7th ( Melvin, senior fellow at the Center for International Policy and adjunct professor of government at Johns Hopkins University, http://www.consortiumnews.com/2010/070610c.html , Consortium News 7.7.10) ET Over the past three decades, the military tool also has become the leading instrument of American statecraft. The defense budget is 13 times larger than all U.S. civilian foreign policy budgets combined, and the Defense Department’s share of U.S. security assistance has grown from 6 percent in 2002 to more than 50 percent in 2009, when Obama was inaugurated. There are more members of the military in marching bands than there are Foreign Service Officers, and the Defense Department spends more on fuel ($16 billion) than the State Department spends on operating costs ($13 billion). More than half of U.S. discretionary spending is in the defense budget, and war spending only accounts for half of the increase in defense spending since 1998. Directory: files files -> Answer True False 2 points Question 2 files -> Integer programming and game theory files -> 4 Integer Programming files -> Bpa vehicle Window Repair Scenario #1 task: Procure vehicle window relacement. Objective files -> Pop Warner History files -> North Carolina Inclusion Initiative Mapping Where Children with ieps are Being Served Purpose files -> Fall 2013 Spring 2014 Program Data: Standard 1 Exhibit 4d files -> Hanban – asia society confucius classrooms network 2010 request for proposal files -> Northern England’s set-jetting locations Download 1.62 Mb. Share with your friends:
|