Conserving Biodiversity and reducing habitat degradation in Protected Areas and their Areas of Influence



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Marine fish

There are approximately 463 species of marine fish tabulated for St. Kitts and Nevis24. Of these, 306 are reef-associated fishes. Seventeen are IUCN Red-listed (1 Critically Endangered, 2 Endangered, 8 Vulnerable, 6 Near Threatened) (Table 3) and 10 Shark, Ray and Mako species (Table 4).


Table 3. IUCN Red-listed fish species (CR, E and V) species (IUCN 2013).


Fish Species

IUCN Red-List Status




Epinephelus itajara (Atlantic Goliath Grouper) 

Critically Endangered

Epinephelus striatus (Nassau Grouper) 

Endangered

Thunnus thynnus (Atlantic Bluefin Tuna) 

Endangered

Kajikia albida (White Marlin) 

Vulnerable

Lachnolaimus maximus (Hogfish) 

Vulnerable

Makaira nigricans (Blue Marlin) 

Vulnerable

Thunnus obesus (Bigeye Tuna) 

Vulnerable

Lutjanus cyanopterus (Canteen Snapper) 

Vulnerable

Lutjanus analis (Mutton Snapper) 

Vulnerable

Hyporthodus flavolimbatus (Poey's Grouper) 

Vulnerable

Mycteroperca interstitialis (Yellowmouth Grouper) 

Vulnerable

Dermatolepis inermis (Sickelfish Grouper) 

Near Threatened

Epinephelus morio (Red Grouper) 

Near Threatened

Mycteroperca bonaci (Black Grouper) 

Near Threatened

Mycteroperca venenosa (Yellowfin Grouper) 

Near Threatened

Scarus guacamaia (Rainbow Parrotfish) 

Near Threatened

Thunnus alalunga (Albacore Tuna) 

Near Threatened


Table 4. IUCN Red-listed Shark, Ray and Mako species (CR, E and V) species (IUCN 2013).


Fish Species

IUCN Red-List Status




Pristis pectinata (Smalltooth Sawfish) 

Critically Endangered

Carcharhinus longimanus (Oceanic Whitetip Shark) 

Vulnerable

Carcharhinus longimanus (Oceanic Whitetip Shark) 

Vulnerable

Isurus oxyrinchus (Shortfin Mako) 

Vulnerable

Rhincodon typus (Whale Shark) 

Vulnerable

Aetobatus narinari (Spotted Eagle Ray) 

Near Threatened 

Carcharhinus acronotus (Blacknose Shark) 

Near Threatened 

Carcharhinus acronotus (Blacknose Shark) 

Near Threatened 

Carcharhinus perezi (Caribbean Reef Shark) 

Near Threatened 

Rhinobatos percellens (Southern Guitarfish) 

Near Threatened 






Reef fish populations were found to be dominated by juveniles and small adults with few larger fish. Predatory food fishes were uncommon, and consisted predominantly of graysby, red hind, coneys, yellowtail snapper and mahogany snapper. Some reefs had fairly high numbers of parrotfish, these were generally juveniles and initial phase fish, with few large terminal phase males. The other important herbivorous fishes, the surgeonfishes, also generally occurred as individuals or in very small schools. Large motile invertebrates including lobster and conch were also rare. Invasive lionfish were noted in several locations, but numbers were fairly low (<2/reef) (Fishbase 2014)25.




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