Contention one is overfishing Current federal policy impedes offshore aquaculture—ensures the us is dependent on unsustainable sources
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AT: TopicalityT- ItsWe meet – aquaculture falls under federal government authorityLeung, et al '07. PingSun Leung has served as consultant to UN Food and Agricultural Organization, Network for Aquaculture Centers in Asia-Pacific, Asian Development Bank, Mekong River Commission, WorldFish Center, and UN Development Program. “Species and System Selection for Sustainable Aquaculture" Blackwell Publishing 2007, pg. 204-205. United States aquaculture is well positioned with its diverse federal and state research and development portfolio, science and technology enterprise, and rich natural resources. Ultimately, however, the future and direction of aquaculture development and the role of the federal government will depend on the diversified industry in terms of its economic viability and effective advocacy for needed policies, programs, and services. The other influential factor is the market. Consumers are confronted with a myriad of food choices and frequent confusion with the acquired preferences and dietary behaviors. The aquaculture industry today cannot be compared with that of the past, because new regulations, market demands, and industry initiatives have combined to create an increasingly environmentally sound aquatic food production system. More changes are inevitable, along with new opportunities for preferred sources of diversified farmed aquatic products that meet high consumer expectations. United States farmed aquaculture products need to be recognized as a premium delicacy in domestic and export markets. The role of the federal government can be expected to continue into future years, preferably in a position of effectiveness to advance industry development and help navigate successfully new crossroads and challenges. AT: T ItsGovernment involvement is key to the success of aquaculturesJohn Forster ‘10 (John Forster specializes in application of experience to new aquaculture species, is a director of four aquaculture companies and serves on NOAA’s Marine Fishery Advisory Committee.) “What Can U.S. Open Ocean Aquaculture Learn From Salmon Farming?” from “Marine Technology Society Journal” Volume 44, Number 3, May/June 2010 titled “Sustainable U.S. Marine Aquaculture Expansion in the 21st Century” pages 68-79 Finally, governments in the countries where salmon farming succeeded encouraged development of the new industry. The most commonly cited examples are assistance with investment, marketing, and funding for research in Norway (U.S. Department of Commerce, 1988) and capitalgrants to European salmon farmers by the European Commission (MacAlister Elliot and Partners, 1999). However, even more important, perhaps, was that this assistance signified the willingness of governments to make space available in their coastal waters for this new industry to begin. Throughout the world, coastal waters are a public resource used for navigation, commercial fishing, and recreation, and the idea of private use of this space is not welcomed by existing users. However, commercial marine aquaculture must have private access to coastal waters if it is to flourish, and the countries that led the development of salmon farming, in addition to having favorable topography, accepted this idea and put in place policies to enable the industry to grow. T- DevelopmentFish enterprises are development Gramling 10 (Carolyn Gramling, doctor of marine geochemistry and mass media fellow at AAAS, “Sea sprawl: Into the blue frontier of ocean development,” March 1, 2010 http://www.earthmagazine.org/article/sea-sprawl-blue-frontier-ocean-development) In 2003, the Gulf of Mexico Fishery Management Council, one of the eight regional councils established by the Magnuson-Stevens Act, developed its own plan to lease parcels of federal waters in the Gulf to large-scale commercial fish farms.¶ “The general consensus of the Council was that this was an important area for development for the United States, from the standpoint of seafood supply,” says Joe Hendrix, a member of the Gulf Council and a mariculture consultant in Houston, Texas. Furthermore, he says, it makes sense for the regional councils to manage the industry. “This process will not be the same in the Northwest as the Gulf or New England. Most of the fish species we’re working with are subtropical — salmon farming is not the same as farming red drum.” AT: CounterplansAT: States CPStates do not have the infrastructure of funds to do Aquaculture- Fed KeyJohn Corbin 2010, President at Aquaculture Planning and Advocacy LLC and advises the U.S. Secretary of Commerce, U.S. Department of Commerce on the management of the living marine resources and fisheries and aquaculture development."Marine Stock Enhancement, a Valuable Extension of Expanded U.S. Marine Aquaculture." Marine Technology Society Journal 44.3 (2010): 113-18. A cursory look at federal facilities reveals the NFHS in the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service is focused on and fully engaged in producing fresh- water and anadromous species. NOAA is primarily engaged in research and not mass production of marine stock. Further, only a few coastal states have any significant infrastructure for mass production of marine fish and shellfish species (e.g., Texas and Connecticut) and most with enhancement programs currently focus on biological and ecological research (Leber, 2004). Given this sobering assessment, what options do governments and the commercial and recreational fishing public, which they serve, have to implement increased wild stock enhancement efforts? At least three options could be considered- (1) build a totally new nationwide federal hatchery system for marine species, (2) partner with interested states to build a significant number of state-run marine hatcheries, and (3) incentivize the business environment to encourage private for-profit and nonprofit companies to build ma- rine hatcheries to produce stock for sale to the government and the public. It is not possible to elaborate on these policy options in this brief commentary but to state that applicable model programs (though some not in fisheries) For all these approaches are available for study, for example, Alaska’s nonprofit private hatchery pro- gram for salmon. Directory: file -> view view -> Western Europe after wwii view -> Author study: paul fleischman view -> Qpa1 7ela study Guide view -> Arctic Oil/Gas Neg view -> November 1970 Approximately 150,000-500,000 deaths Bhola Cyclone Bangladesh view -> Grade Level: 6 Unit of Study: Caribbean glce view -> Citation: Duffield, Katy view -> Table of Contents Lesson # view -> Chinese Wind Energy Disad Download 0.77 Mb. Share with your friends:
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