Course Name : Principles of Programming language



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a. program units

b. steps


c. functions

d. algorithms

9. For the instruction a = b/2 - 1 { a < 10 } is called as

a. Pre condition



b. Post condition

c. Weakest condition d. strong condition

10. For the instruction x = 2 * y - 3, {y < 0 } is called as

a. Pre condition



b. Post condition

c. Weakest condition d. strong condition

Unit-3

1. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ data type stores the data in BDC notation



a. float

b. double c. int



d. decimal

2. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ is one in which the range of possible values can be easily associated with the set of positive integers

a. variable b. data

c. ordinal type

d. constant

3. _ _ _ _ _ _ data type model real numbers, but only as approximations

a. float

b. char c. int

d. string

4. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ data type specifically available in a Language for business applications.

a. float

b. double c. int



d. decimal

5. The variables receive values at _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

a. compile time

b. run time

c. language design time d. load time

6. The attributes of variables are determined at _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

a. compile time

b. run time

c. language design time d. load time

7. A _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ is a set of objects & a set of operations on those objects, which create, build-up, destroy, modify & pick apart instance of the objects



a. Data type

b. Data valued c. State space d. Environment

8. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ is not primitive data type,

a. float b. char c. int



d. string

9. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ data type store true or false notation

a. float

b. boolean

c. int


d. char

10. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ type stores values as sequences of characters

a. float

b. boolean c. int



d. string types
Unit- 4

1.Multiple selector statement in C is _ _ _ _ _

a. break

b. switch

c. go to


d. continue

2. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ is a two way selector

a. if

b. if else

c. for


d. while

3. In C Switch-Case statement the default expression type can be _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _



a. int

b. float


c. double d. char

4. The following is a Exit controlled loop

a. While

b. do-while

c. for


d. go to

5. In Pascal, after normal termination, loop variable is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _



a. Undefined

b. assigned last value c. zero

d. one

6. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ language supports labeled iteration



a. C

b. C++


c. Java

d. Pascal

7. In FORTRAN 90, Loop parameters are evaluated _ _ _ _ _ _

a. only once

b. twice c. thrice

d. every time

8. In Ada 60, Loop parameters are evaluated _ _ _ _ _ _

a. only once b. Twice

c. Thrice

d. Everytime

9. The repeated execution of a statement or compound statement is accomplished by _ _ _ _ _



a. Iteration

b. Selection c. Condition d. Blocking

10. In Pascal, Loop parameters are evaluated _ _ _ _ _ _

a. Only once

b. Twice c. Thrice

d. Every time

University Question Papers


II B.TECH - II SEMESTER EXAMINATIONS, APRIL/MAY, 2011

PRINCIPLES OF PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES

(INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY)

Time: 3hours Max. Marks: 75

Answer any FIVE questions

All Questions Carry Equal Marks

- - -

1. How can knowledge of programming language characteristics benefits the whole computing Community? [15]

2.a) The two mathematical models of language description are generation and recognition. Describe how each can define the syntax of a programming language?

b) Develop an unambiguous grammar that describes the if statement. [8+7]

3.a) Explain all of the difference between subtypes and derived types.

b) Define union, free union and discriminated union? [8+7]

4.a) How does operand evaluation order interact with functional side effect ?

b) How does operand evaluation order interact with function side effects? [8+7]

5.a) Define Shallow and Deep binding for referencing environment of subprograms that Have been passed as parameters.

b) Write about Co routines. [8+7]

6.a) In what different places can the definition of a C++ member function appears?

b) What is a C++ namespace and what is its purpose? [8+7]

7. Explain the following with examples

a) Exception Handler

b) Disabling an exception

c) Continuation

d) Built-in Exception. [15]

8.a) What are the difference between CONS, LIST and APPENED?

b) Write a LISP function Fib(n) that computes nth Fibonacci number. [7+8]

********



II B.TECH - II SEMESTER EXAMINATIONS, APRIL/MAY, 2011

PRINCIPLES OF PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES

(INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY)

Time: 3hours Max. Marks: 75

Answer any FIVE questions

All Questions Carry Equal Marks

- - -

1. What are some features of specific programming languages you know whose rationales are a mystery to you? [15]

2. Write a BNF description of the Boolean expressions of Java, including the three operators &&, || and ! and the relational expressions? [15]
3.a) What are the design issues for character string types?

b) What array initialization feature is available in Ada that is not available in other common imperative languages? [7+8]

4. Write text program in c++, java and c# to determine the scope of a variable declared in a for statement. Specifically the code must determine whether such variable is visible after the body of the for statement. [15]

5.a) What are the different models of parameter passing methods? How are they implemented? Give example for each.

b) What causes a C++ template function to be instantiated? [8+7]

6. Write an analysis of the similarities of and differences between java packages and C++ namespaces? [15]

7. What run-time errors or conditions, if any, an Pascal programs detect and handle? [15]

8. What scoping rule is used in

a) COMMON LISP

b) ML


c) Haskell. [15]

* * * * * *



II B.TECH - II SEMESTER EXAMINATIONS, APRIL/MAY, 2011

PRINCIPLES OF PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES

(INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY)

Time: 3hours Max. Marks: 75

Answer any FIVE questions

All Questions Carry Equal Marks

- - -

1. Many languages distinguish between UPPER CASE and LOWER CASE letters in user-defined names. What are the pros and cons of this design decision? [15]

2.a) Describe the basic concept of denotational semantics?

b) What is the difference between synthesized and inherited attributes? [7+8]

3. What are all of the differences between the enumeration types of C++ and those of java? How does a decimal value waste memory space? [15]

4. Determine whether the narrowing explicit type conversions in two languages you know provide errors messages when a converted value loses its usefulness? [15]

5. What are the modes, the conceptual models of transfer, the advantages and disadvantages of pass – by – value, pass – by – result, pass – by – value - result and pass – by - reference parameter- passing methods? [15]

6.a) What are the language design issues for abstract data types?

b) What are the disadvantages of designing an abstract data type to be a pointer? [7+8]

7. Write detailed compassion of the Exception Handling capabilities of C++ and those of JAVA? [15]

8. Define functional form and referential transparency? What data types were parts of the original LISP? [15]

********



II B.TECH - II SEMESTER EXAMINATIONS, APRIL/MAY, 2011

PRINCIPLES OF PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES

(INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY)

Time: 3hours Max. Marks: 75

Answer any FIVE questions

All Questions Carry Equal Marks

- - -

1. Which produces faster Program execution, a Compiler (or) pure interpreter? What role does the symbol table play in a compiler? [15]

2.a) Describe the approach of using axiomatic semantics to convert the correctness of a given program?

b) Convert the following EBNF to BNF

S->A{bA}

A-> a[b]A [7+8]

3. What is the purpose of the ACTION, GOTO table of an LR parser? Explain With Example? [15]

4. Write text program in c++, java and c# to determine the scope of a variable declared in a for statement. Specifically the code must determine whether such variable is visible after the body of the for statement. [15]

5. Define static, fixed stack-dynamic, fixed heap-dynamic and heap-dynamic array. What are the advantages of each? [15]
6.a) What is the primary problem with using semaphores to provide synchronization?

b) Explain the difference between physical and logical concurrency? [8+7]

7. What is root class of all java exception classes? What is pattern class of most java user defined exception classes? [15]

8.a) Write a detail note on functions in ML.

b) Give comparison of Functional and Imperative Languages. [7+8]

II B.TECH - II SEMESTER EXAMINATIONS, APRIL/MAY, 2011

PRINCIPLES OF PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES

(INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY)

Time: 3hours Max. Marks: 75

Answer any FIVE questions

All Questions Carry Equal Marks

- - -

1. How can knowledge of programming language characteristics benefits the whole computing Community? [15]

2.a) The two mathematical models of language description are generation and recognition. Describe how each can define the syntax of a programming language?

b) Develop an unambiguous grammar that describes the if statement. [8+7]

3.a) Explain all of the difference between subtypes and derived types.

b) Define union, free union and discriminated union? [8+7]

4.a) How does operand evaluation order interact with functional side effect ?

b) How does operand evaluation order interact with function side effects? [8+7]

5.a) Define Shallow and Deep binding for referencing environment of subprograms that Have been passed as parameters.

b) Write about Co routines. [8+7]

6.a) In what different places can the definition of a C++ member function appears?

b) What is a C++ namespace and what is its purpose? [8+7]

7. Explain the following with examples

a) Exception Handler

b) Disabling an exception

c) Continuation

d) Built-in Exception. [15]

8.a) What are the difference between CONS, LIST and APPENED?

b) Write a LISP function Fib(n) that computes nth Fibonacci number. [7+8]

********



II B.TECH - II SEMESTER EXAMINATIONS, APRIL/MAY, 2011

PRINCIPLES OF PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES

(INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY)

Time: 3hours Max. Marks: 75

Answer any FIVE questions

All Questions Carry Equal Marks

- - -

1. What are some features of specific programming languages you know whose rationales are a mystery to you? [15]

2. Write a BNF description of the Boolean expressions of Java, including the three operators &&, || and ! and the relational expressions? [15]
3.a) What are the design issues for character string types?

b) What array initialization feature is available in Ada that is not available in other common imperative languages? [7+8]

4. Write text program in c++, java and c# to determine the scope of a variable declared in a for statement. Specifically the code must determine whether such variable is visible after the body of the for statement. [15]

5.a) What are the different models of parameter passing methods? How are they implemented? Give example for each.

b) What causes a C++ template function to be instantiated? [8+7]

6. Write an analysis of the similarities of and differences between java packages and C++ namespaces? [15]

7. What run-time errors or conditions, if any, an Pascal programs detect and handle? [15]

8. What scoping rule is used in

a) COMMON LISP

b) ML


c) Haskell. [15]

* * * * * *



II B.TECH - II SEMESTER EXAMINATIONS, APRIL/MAY, 2011

PRINCIPLES OF PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES

(INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY)

Time: 3hours Max. Marks: 75

Answer any FIVE questions

All Questions Carry Equal Marks

- - -

1. Many languages distinguish between UPPER CASE and LOWER CASE letters in user-defined names. What are the pros and cons of this design decision? [15]

2.a) Describe the basic concept of denotational semantics?

b) What is the difference between synthesized and inherited attributes? [7+8]

3. What are all of the differences between the enumeration types of C++ and those of java? How does a decimal value waste memory space? [15]

4. Determine whether the narrowing explicit type conversions in two languages you know provide errors messages when a converted value loses its usefulness? [15]

5. What are the modes, the conceptual models of transfer, the advantages and disadvantages of pass – by – value, pass – by – result, pass – by – value - result and pass – by - reference parameter- passing methods? [15]

6.a) What are the language design issues for abstract data types?

b) What are the disadvantages of designing an abstract data type to be a pointer? [7+8]

7. Write detailed compassion of the Exception Handling capabilities of C++ and those of JAVA? [15]

8. Define functional form and referential transparency? What data types were parts of the original LISP? [15]

********



II B.TECH - II SEMESTER EXAMINATIONS, APRIL/MAY, 2011

PRINCIPLES OF PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES

(INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY)

Time: 3hours Max. Marks: 75

Answer any FIVE questions

All Questions Carry Equal Marks

- - -

1. Which produces faster Program execution, a Compiler (or) pure interpreter? What role does the symbol table play in a compiler? [15]

2.a) Describe the approach of using axiomatic semantics to convert the correctness of a given program?

b) Convert the following EBNF to BNF

S->A{bA}

A-> a[b]A [7+8]

3. What is the purpose of the ACTION, GOTO table of an LR parser? Explain With Example? [15]

4. Write text program in c++, java and c# to determine the scope of a variable declared in a for statement. Specifically the code must determine whether such variable is visible after the body of the for statement. [15]

5. Define static, fixed stack-dynamic, fixed heap-dynamic and heap-dynamic array. What are the advantages of each? [15]
6.a) What is the primary problem with using semaphores to provide synchronization?

b) Explain the difference between physical and logical concurrency? [8+7]

7. What is root class of all java exception classes? What is pattern class of most java user defined exception classes? [15]

8.a) Write a detail note on functions in ML.

b) Give comparison of Functional and Imperative Languages. [7+8]

B.Tech II Year - II Semester Examinations, December-January, 2011-2012

PRINCIPLES OF PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES

(INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY)

Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 75

Answer any five questions

All questions carry equal marks

---

1.a) What are the advantages and disadvantages of Aliasing.

b) “Readability and writability influence the reliability.” Comment on it. [15]

2.a) Explain the general problem of describing syntax.

b) Consider the grammar E ��E+E

E ��E*E

E ��i

Using the expression 5+6*7, prove that the grammar is ambiguous. [15]

3.a) Discuss the design issues for pointer types.

b) Define the terms: coercion, type error, strong typing. [15]

4.a) Explain about mixed mode assignment.

b) “Every counting loop can be built with a logical loop, but the reverse is not true.” Substantiate this statement. [15]

5. What is meant by generic sub program? Explain the support provided by programming languages for generic subprograms. [15]

6.a) What advantages do monitors have over semaphores? Explain.

b) Explain why naming encapsulations are important for developing large programs.

[15]


7. Explain list processing in LISP using scheme functions. Use lucid examples in your explanation. [15]

8. What is exception? Discuss in detail the concept of exception propagation. [15]

********

B.Tech II Year - II Semester Examinations, December-January, 2011-2012

PRINCIPLES OF PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES

(INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY)

Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 75

Answer any five questions

All questions carry equal marks

- - -

1. Discuss language evaluation criteria and the characteristics that affect them. [15]

2.a) In what way do operational semantics and denotational semantics differ? Explain.

b) Describe the additional features of Extended BNF. [15]

3.a) Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of dynamic scoping.

b) What is a heterogeneous array? Discuss the design issues for arrays. [15]

4. Explain in detail the design issues for arithmetic expressions. [15]

5.a) Describe the three semantic models of parameter passing.

b) What is a parameter profile? Write about subprogram protocol. [15]

6.a) Compare the class entity access controls of C++ and Java.

b) Define race condition

c) What is the purpose of a task-ready queue? [15]

7.a) Explain the procedural abstraction in Python.

b) Discuss the fundamental of functional programming language. [15]

8. Give an overview of logic programming and discuss its applications. [15]

********



B.Tech II Year - II Semester Examinations, December-January, 2011-2012

PRINCIPLES OF PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES

(INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY)

Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 75

Answer any five questions

All questions carry equal marks

- - -

1. Explain various programming domains. What are your arguments for and against having a single language for all programming domains? [15]


2.a) Discuss the basic concept of Denotational semantics.

b) Show a parse tree and leftmost derivation for the statement: A=(A+B)*C

Given grammar is: ��=

��A/B/C

�� + /

�� * /

��() / [15]

3.a) Compare and contrast Static binding with Dynamic binding.

b) Explain various user-defined ordinal types with examples. [15]

4.a) Discuss the problem of operand evaluation order and side effects along with possible solutions.

b) Describe user-located loop control mechanisms. [15]

5.a) Explain the general characteristics of subprograms.

b) What is a co-routine? How do they provide interleaved execution? [15]

6.a) What are the language design requirements for a languages that supports ADTs?

b) How is cooperation synchronization provided for Ada tasks? Explain. [15]

7. Discuss how scheme functions are used to solve the problems in simple list-processing with examples. [15]

8. Explain the basic elements of Prolog with illustrations. [15]

*********



B.Tech II Year - II Semester Examinations, December-January, 2011-2012

PRINCIPLES OF PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES

(INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY)

Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 75

Answer any five questions

All questions carry equal marks

- - -

1.a) List the potential benefits of studying concepts of programming language.

b) What are the important factors that influence the basic design of programming language? [15]

2. Describe briefly formal language generation mechanisms used to describe the syntax of programming languages. [15]

4.a) Define name type compatibility and structure type compatibility. What are the relative merits of these two?

b) Explain in detail implementation of pointer and reference types. [15]

4.a) Describe coercion in expressions.

b) Explain in detail Dijkstra’s guarded commands with examples. [15]

5. Explain variety of models that guide the implementation of the three basic parameter transmission modes. [15]

6.a) What dangers are avoided in Java by having implicit garbage collection, relative to C++?

b) Discuss the primary reason for all Java objects have a common ancestor.

c) What is a binary semaphore? Compare it with counting semaphore. [15]

7.a) Explain type inferencing in ML.

b) Discuss the key concepts of scripting language. [15]

8. Discuss various types of exceptions. Explain exception handler in Ada with suitable examples. [15]


B.Tech III-I Semester Examinations, December – 2011

PRINCIPLES OF PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES

(COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING)

Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 80

Answer any five questions

All questions carry equal marks

---

1. A programming language can be compiled or interpreted. Give relative advantages and disadvantages of compilation and interpretation. Give examples of compiled and interpreted languages. [16]

2. How do you describe the meaning of program using operational semantics? Explain with suitable examples and compare it with denotational semantics. [16]

3.a) Describe narrowing and widening conversion.

b) Explain the concept of late binding and early binding. [8+8]

4. Discuss different types of assignment statements. With lucid examples explain mixed mode assignment. [16]

5.a) Discuss the design issues of sub programs.

b) Write about overloaded subprograms.

c) What are coroutines? [16]

6.a) Discuss the Object oriented programming features supported in small talk.

b) What is meant by subprogram level concurrency? Explain. [8+8]

7. What is an exception? Explain exception propagation and handling in C++. [16]

8.a) Write about functions in ML and Haskell.

b) Discuss the data types supported in Python. [8+8]




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