Present Forward Looking Radar (FLR) sensors commercialized in several high end luxurious cars, which can be classified as “First Generation” sensors, opened the market of the Adaptive Cruise Control to the general public. These systems have reached an adequate level of maturity and performance that allows the customer to rely on the ACC functionality and feel comfortable. Still, these systems suffer from several shortcomings: a) limited performance in azimuth angle coverage and short distance detection, and b) high cost. The very low market penetration of the ACC compared with the predictions made several years before, can be attributed mainly to the high production cost which when multiplied by the usual factors of the automotive industry, brings the price to the final customer in the 1500 to 2500 Euro bracket. The lack of understanding from the general public of the advantages of an ACC system together with their high price (compared with other products like car stereo, navigation systems, etc…) has, to our understanding, limited the market penetration to a few 10 kunits/year instead of the expected 1Munits/year or more.
The “DenseTraffic” project addresses to these two shortcomings. Its primary objective is to develop and demonstrate a Forward Looking Radar Sensor (FLRS) with improved capabilities that will allow operation in Stop&Go modes and early detection of Cut-In situations. This will enhance the functionality of the sensor in an Adaptive Cruise Control system. Additionally, but no less important, is to demonstrate the feasibility of a low-cost, high-volume production design that will allow the product to be mass produced.
The low cost objective was achieved with a single box design utilizing low cost Thyxomolded Magnesium technology for the antenna and housing and Monolithic Millimeter Wave Integrated Circuit (MMIC) technology for the RF transceiver. The performance was improved by using a multi-beam antenna design that enables wider azimuth coverage and the use of wide bandwidth waveforms digitally modulated by means of a Phase Locked Loop driven by a Direct Digital Synthesizer. We developed a flexible, adaptive waveform generation logic that optimizes the FLR performance in every road scenario. The waveforms and the corresponding signal and information processing allow a seamless transition between normal ACC and Stop&Go (in highways) regimes.
Intensive tests in Israel and Europe (including Lapland) in all kind of weather conditions and road scenarios, have demonstrated the superior performance of this FLR and a sound Bill of Materials shows that the production cost can be lowered to a level compatible with OEM’s price requirements.
This advanced driver assistance system will improve safety in dense traffic and reaction to emergency situations by providing enhanced performance at a lower cost, allowing a greater market penetration.
The “DenseTraffic” project was performed by a consortium constituted by the following partners:
DenseTraffic Partners
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Groeneveld Groep B.V (Coordinator)
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The Netherlands
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United Monolithic Semiconductors S.A.S
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France
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EADS Deutschland GmbH Microwave Factory
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Germany
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RoadEye FLR GP (Scientific Coordinator)
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Israel
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ERA Technology Ltd.
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United Kingdom
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DAF Trucks N.V.
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The Netherlands
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The roles of the partners were as follow:
“Groeneveld Groep” was the Financial Coordinator and responsible for the contractual management of the consortium and the responsible for the distribution of the funds received from the EC and the financial reporting to the EC. As major shareholder of RoadEye it hosted RoadEye’s activities in Europe (data collection, integration and testing with OEM’s and Tier1 suppliers, and dissemination activities).
“UMS” developed the MMIC’s used to build the RF module of the FLR sensor. It also
“EADS” developed the multi channel RF module based on the MMIC’s supplied by UMS.
“RoadEye” was responsible for the technical coordination of the whole project. It performed the system engineering and design of the radar, produced the specifications for the deliverables of the rest of the consortium partners. RE developed the electronics, housing, algorithms and integrated and tested the radar.
“ERA” developed the multi beam antenna and together with RE participated in its industrialization.
“DAF” participation was reduced to nil during the course of the project since the integration and testing of the radar was performed in passenger cars which were much more available and easier to operate than trucks while from the point of view of the radar host, there is no difference between a passenger car and a truck. The tasks from DAF were transferred to TNO as a subcontractor of Groeneveld.
The DenseTraffic “Final Report” document contains a system description, a description of the most relevant benefits and important risks of the DenseTraffic application.
2Project Objectives and Approach
The project's primary objective is to develop and demonstrate a Forward Looking Radar Sensor (FLRS) with improved capabilities that will allow operation in Stop&Go modes and early detection of Cut-In situations. This will enhance the functionality of the sensor in an Autonomous Cruise Control system. Additionally, but no less important, is to demonstrate the feasibility of a low-cost, high-volume production design that will allow the product to be mass produced. These objectives will be achieved with a multi-beam antenna utilizing metallised molded plastic and a multi-channel RF transceiver using MMIC technology. The FLRS will consist of a single, multi-beam, integrated sensor and include unique built-in sensor self-test capability and algorithms for adaptive waveform generation and multiple target tracking. This advanced driver assistance system will improve safety in dense traffic and reaction to emergency situations by providing enhanced range resolution and angular coverage.
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