Disaster information: a bibliography
ID: 1517 Au: Corbin, C. J; Singh, J. G; Ibielele, Dagogo D. Ti: Tar ball survey of six Eastern Caribbean Countries
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ID: 1517 Au: Corbin, C. J; Singh, J. G; Ibielele, Dagogo D. Ti: Tar ball survey of six Eastern Caribbean Countries. So: Marine Pollution Bulletin; 26(9):482-6, Sept. 1993. Ab: Tar ball monitoring in the Wider Caribbean has been ongoing since 1979, but few studies have been conducted in the smaller countries of the Eastern Caribbean. This survey generated data on beach pollution by petroleum hydrocarbons as tar balls for six countries. Four hundred and twelve samples were collected from St. Lucia, Dominica, Tortola-British Virgin Islands, Grenada, St. Kitts and Montserrat between 1987 and 1991 and analysed according to IOCARIBE recommended methods. Results show significantly higher concentrations (P0.05) and more frequent occurrences of tar balls on the east and north than the west coasts. Tar levels for east and north coasts range from 10-100 g m-1 while west coasts had levels of 0.1.0 g m-1. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library. ID: 1518 Au: Maharaj, Russell J. Ti: Vegetation and slope stability: examples from Upper St. Andrew, Jamaica. So: Caribbean Geography; 4(1):15-27, Mar. 1993. Ab: In Upper St. Andrew, slope failures on vegetated slopes are very common geomorphic events, especially during and following torrential rainfall. Field observations of failures revealed that grasses, bamboo, shrubs, and tree species contribute to the cohesion of surficial soil layers. However, this effect can create mechanical anisotropy between surface-bound and underlying soil layers. Consequently, a shear plane can develop at this interface, attenuating slope failure conditions and, ultimately leading to failure of the surface soil layers. Translational debris block slides are the main result of these conditions on hillslopes in Upper St. Andrew. These conditions also suggest that vegetation can contribute to slope instability, thereby decreasing the long term stability of hillslopes. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library. ID: 1519 Au: KBN Engineering and Applied Sciences. Ti: Ambient air quality management for Jamaica. Pub: Gainesville; KBN Engineering; 1993. Ab: Recommends AAQS and emission standards that meet the intent of the Jamaican Legislation. Lo: Jamaica, Natural Resources Conservation Authority. ID: 1520 Au: IOC/FAO/UNESCO. Ti: Anthropogenic influences on sediment discharge to the coastal zone and environmental consequences. Pub: Paris; GESAMP; 1993. 67. Ab: The report addresses the links between activities in watersheds and effects in the coastal zone. The report also attempts to identify characteristics of watersheds and coastal areas that place them at greatest risk vis a vis man's activities that affect sediment mobilization and transport. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library. ID: 1521 Au: Gray, Calvin R. Ti: Regional meteorology and hurricanes. So: In: Maul, George A. ed. Climatic change in the Intra-Americas Sea: implications of future climate on the ecosystem and socio-economic structure in the marine and coastal regions of the Caribbean Sea, Gulf of Mexico, Bahamas and the northeast coast of South America. London, Edward Arnold , 1993. 87-99. Ab: The meteorological database for the region, especially the Caribbean Sea, is disorganised and incomplete. Based on what data are available, there are weak indications that while rainfall is decreasing, temperature, wind speed and evaporation is increasing. Rises in sea-surface temperatures may increase the overall frequency as well as strength of tropical storms and hurricanes in the area. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library. ID: 1522 Au: Hendry, Malcolm D. Ti: Sea-level movements and shoreline changes. So: In: Maul, George A. climatic change in the intro-Americas Sea: implications of future climate on the ecosystem and socio-economic structure in the marine and coastal regions of the Caribbean Sea, Gulf of Mexico, Bahamas and the northeast coast of South America. London, Edward Arnold, 1993. 115-161. Ab: Relative change in sea level has provided underlying control on a general picture of shoreline retreat during the Holocene epoch within the Intra-Americas Sea. Retreat has been caused by landward migration of coastal lowlands, including wetlands, in response to rising water levels assisted by sediment transfer through physical processes. Land loss has persisted despite a decrease in the rate of sea-level rise over the last 5000 years, though locally at river mouths and in sheltered wetland locations recent progradation has occurred. Inadequate beach-sand management practices, coastal construction and hurricanes have contributed significantly to recent coastal changes. Regionally relative sea level is rising at an average of 3 mm/yr, but considerable variability is evident. Locally this may not be due to vertical tectonic motion because extrapolated rates of land movement, while subject to error in interpretation, are often an order of magnitude of lower than historical rates of sea-level rise. The cause(s) of variation in sea-level records across the region remains to be identified. All countries of this region stand to suffer the consequences of future sea level rise impacts. Especially at risk are low-lying island chains - including the Bahamas, Turks and Caicos and Caymans - and continental areas with coastal plains supporting dense populations near to or below present sea level, primarily the Guianas, Central America (Belize) and the heavily developed barrier islands of the Gulf of Mexico and Florida. Tourism based economies of the Antillean islands may be badly affected by loss of remaining pocket beaches already narrow and sediment-starved shelves. Potential problems can be addressed through greater understanding of regional sea-level variability, especially by strengthening the Global Sea Level Observing System; territorial studies to define the local extent of risk from sea-level change and cost-benefit analysis of response options identified; development of vulnerability indices for sea level and hurricane-related coastal impacts; environmental-impact assessment on coastal development, incorporating climate change considerations and institutional strengthening in relation to decision-making on coastal land-loss issues. These improvements are necessary to combat existing problems whether or not a greenhouse-related pulse of increased sea-level rise is superimposed on present trends. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library. ID: 1523 Au: Maul, George A. ed. Ti: A. climatic change in the intro-Americas Sea: implications of future climate on the ecosystem and socio-economic structure in the marine and coastal regions of the Caribbean Sea, Gulf of Mexico, Bahamas and the northeast coast of South America. Pub: London, Edward Arnold, 1993. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
Ti: Complex emergencies and natural disasters in 1992: an overview. Pub: Geneva; UN. Department of Humanitarian Affairs; 1993. 60. Lo: UWI, Mona, Sir Authur Lewis Institute of Social and Economic Studies. ID: 1525 Au: Maul, George A. ed. Ti: Ecosystem and socioeconomic response to future climatic conditions in the marine and coastal regions of the Caribbean Sea, Gulf of Mexico, Bahamas and the Northeast Coast of South America. Pub:Kingston; UNEP/CEP; 1993. 43. Ab: Global climate change, and particularly the impact of human activities on Earth's biogeographical environment, is of enormous socioeconomic and ecological importance. It is the regional effects of global change, however, that weighs most heavily on individual lives because of the complexity of local response to a world-wide phenomenon. This report summarizes the opinion of a Task Team of 23 experts concerning the implications of climate change in the Intra-Americas Sea (Gulf of Mexico - Caribbean Sea - Bahamas - Bermuda - Guianas), of a global l.5oC temperature and 20 cm sea level rise by the year 2025. For some ecosystems in the region, the effect of temperature rise is much more important than sea level rise, and vice versa for others; for some neither are particularly vulnerable to a modest temperature rise. Estuaries, wetlands, lagoons and seagrass beds will all be moderately affected by both the 1.5oC and 20 cm scenarios. The two other very important ecosystems, mangroves and coral reefs, are expected to experience extreme stress due to local anthropogenic activities such as deforestation, coastal development, runoff, overfishing, and tourism. Seven socioeconomic issues were also studied in the context of local response to global change; tourism and the influence of tropical storms are considered most important vis a vis levels of vulnerability. As with the ecosystems, some other socioeconomic issues are more affected by sea level rise (e.g. settlements and structures, and cultural heritage) than temperature rise (which mostly affects coastal zones, public health, and human migration). In addition to evaluating the effects of 1.5oC and 20 cm global rises, the Task Team discussed the potential local rates of temperature and sea level rise and found that for the Intra-Americas Sea, less climatic change is expected than for other areas of Earth, but that human population pressure will significantly stress the region's environment. Finally, the authors report on new computer-based decision-making tools for evaluating the effects of climatic change, tools that will give decision makers quantitative information upon which to base new policies for management. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library. ID: 1526 Au: Caribbean Environment Programme. Ti: Evaluation of Projects and activities implemented within the framework of the Caribbean Environment Programme. Pub: Kingston; Caribbean Environment Programme; 1993. 54. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
Au: Chambers, Nina. Ti: Exploratory strategic planning for the management of a Buffer Zone and conservation corridor between the proposed Port Antonio Marine Park and the Blue Mountain/John Crow Mountain National Park, Jamaica. Pub: Idaho; University of Idaho; 1993. 40. Lo: Jamaica, Natural Resources Conservation Authority.
Au: Lockheed Martin. Ti: Jamaican coastal surveillance system 9 April 1997. So: [s.l.]; Lockheed Martin Proprietary Information; 1993. 20. Lo: Jamaica, Natural Resources Conservation Authority.
Au: SENTAR. Ti: Kingston Harbour Environmental Project. Pub: Kingston; SENTAR; 1993. Lo: Jamaica, Natural Resources Conservation Authority.
Au: Katz, M. E; Miller, K. G. Ti: Miocene-Pliocene bathyal benthic foraminifera and the uplift of Buff Bay, Jamaica. So: The Geological Society of America; 1993. 219-54 Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
Au: Caribbean Meteorological Institute. Ti: Monthly weather summary (January to December 1993 Part B). So: St. James; Caribbean Meteorological Institute; 1993. 23. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
Au: Caribbean Meteorological Institute. Ti: Monthly weather summary (January to December 1993 Part A). Pub: St. James; Caribbean Meteorological Institute; 1993. 26 Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
Au: Canadian Marine Waste Management Collaborative. Ti: Organization of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS) waste management project: environmental assessment summary. So: Castries; OECS; 1993. Lo: St. Lucia, St. Lucia Solid Waste Management.
Au: Cantero Corrales, L. E. Ti: Pronóstico de avenidas pluviales en el embalse Zaza. Pub:Sancti Spíritus; Dirección Provincial de Recursos Hidráulicos; 1993. 8. Co: Forum Nacional de Ciencia y Técnica, 8; Sancti Spíritus, 1993. Ab: Se presenta la obtención de ecuaciones y gráficos de fácil manejo, pero que permitan con una seguridad determinada emitir un pronóstico hidrológico de las avenidas en el embalse Zaza en dependencia no solo de las precipitaciones en el rea de estudio, anteriores al momento de emitir el pronóstico, sino también de los volúmenes de agua acumulados en la cuenca hidrográfica del embalse. Lo: Cuba, Latin American Centre for Disaster Medicine.
Au: Fernandez, Basil. Ti: Solid waste management. So: Kingston; Underground Water Authority; 1993. 28. Lo: Jamaica, Natural Resources Conservation Authority.
Au: Gibbs, A. K; Barron, C. N. Ti: The geology of the Guiana Shield. So: Oxford University Press; 1993. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
Au: McDonald, Franklin. Ti: Waste disposal in Jamaica. So: In: Centre for Sustainable Development. U.W.I. Urban Waste Management. Kingston, University of the West Indies. Centre for Sustainable Development, 1993. 16-20. Co: Urban Waste Management Consultation/Seminar; Kingston, Mar. 3-4, 1993. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library. ID: 1538 Ti: Workshop on establishment of effluent guidelines & standards in CARICOM/CEHI member states. Pub: Castries; CEHI; 1993. 50. Lo: Jamaica, Natural Resources Conservation Authority. ID: 1539 Au: CCOSNET. Ti: Sea level and climate monitoring network within CARICOM. So: CCOSNET News; 2(2):2, May 1993. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
Au: Maharaj, Russell J. Ti: Landslide processes and landslide susceptibility analysis from an upland watershed: a case study from St. Andrew, Jamaica, West Indies. So: Engineering Geology; 3453-79, Feb. 1993. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
Au: Maharaj, Russell J. Ti: Bio-engineering control of landslides. So: Jamaican Geographer; (7):7, Mar. 1993. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
Au: U.S. Peace Corps. Ti: Jamaica memorandum of understanding between the United States Peace Corps and the Office of Disaster Preparedness 16 April, 1993. Pub: Kingston; s.n; Apr. 1993. 14. Lo: Jamaica, Office of Disaster Preparedness and Emergency Management.
Au: Pan American Health Organization. Ti: Barbados: disaster emergency medicine training course. So: Disasters; (54):4, Apr. 1993. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
Au: Pan American Health Organization. Ti: Cuba hit by storm. So: Disasters; (54):5, Apr. 1993. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
Au: Pan American Health Organization. Ti: Three years of distributing information: the work of the disaster documentation center. So: Disasters; (54):S1-S4 (supplement), Apr. 1993. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
Au: Pan American Health Organization. Ti: Trinidad & Tobago hands on experience for Suma Trainees. So: Disasters; (54):4, Apr. 1993. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
Au: Maharaj, Russell J. Ti: Prepared for the IOC/UNEP Workshop/ Course on "Measuring and Monitioring of Shoreline Changes in the Caribbean Region. Pub:sn; Jul. 1993. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
Au: Neufville, Larry. Ti: Rehabilitation of mined-out bauxite lands. So: Jamaican Geographer; (9):6-7, Nov. 1993. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
Ti: Averages and extremes of meteorological elements. Pub:St. James; Caribbean Meteorological Institute. Climatological Section; 1993. 32. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library. ID: 1550 Au: Jamaica. Ministry of Construction. Ti: Road safety project: final report phase 1. So: Kingston; SweRoad; Dec. 1993. 152. Lo: Jamaica, Office of Disaster Preparedness and Emergency Management.
Au: Milham, N. Ti: An analysis of farmers' incentives to conserve or degrade the land. So: Journal of Environmental Management; 40(1):51-64, Jan. 1994. Ab: In this paper it is argued that an increased understanding of the linkages between farmers' economic incentives to control soil degradation, degradation-induced productivity decline and future farmland productivity is essential for the formulation of effective land degradation and soil management policies. As a basis for the argument, a comprehensive farm-level economic model for the optimum private and social utilization of soil over time is developed. Complexities in the decision due to environmental conditions and other uncertainties are considered. It is shown that, if farmers are well informed, they will tolerate soil degradation only to the point where the marginal net returns from depleting soil depth, fertility or structure equal the marginal profits foregone from conserving these productive aspects of the soil. Efficiency-related technical progress is found to provide incentives for reduced rates of soil degradation. It is also found that the optimum private rate of soil degradation is not likely to mimic the socially optimal rate unless capital markets and farm input and output markets operate efficiently and competitively. The potential for monetary and fiscal policy to impact on private rates of soil utilization is highlighted as a topic for further detailed investigation. Finally, it is argued that external costs and benefits from farming activity, which have not as yet been comprehensively quantified, may be the single most important cause of any differential between the optimum private and social rates of soil degradation. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library. ID: 1552 Au: Chen, A. A. Ti: Characterisation of April-May rainfall. So: Jamaica Journal of Science and Technology; 5:1-11, Dec. 1994. Ab: Statistics and periodicities in the April-May-June rainfall were investigated. The rainfall was more intensive in May than in April and June. April rainfall had longer periodicities than June, with May falling in between. Some of the April periodicities can be correlated to the solar activity during the westerly phase of the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation (QBO) at 15 mb. A partial explanation is offered in terms of the coincidence of cold fronts and increased solar radiation. The possible association of one of the May periodicities with the occurrence of El Nino was investigated and an association between heavy rainfall (over 300 mm) in May and the occurrence of El Nino was found. Other periodicities are discussed. The April showers of 1993 are explained in terms of abnormally cold weather in North America and the May rainfall of 1993 is associated with a mature phase of the El Nino. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library. ID: 1553 Au: Johnston, Colin F; Fielding, William J; Been, B. Ti: Hurricane damage to different coconut varieties. So: Tropical Agriculture; 71(3):239-42, Jul.1994. Ab: Coconut var. Malayan Dwarf has been reported to be susceptible to wind damage. The damage to selfed and outcrossed Malayan Dwarf, grown in field experiments at different sites in Jamaica, which resulted from the passage of Hurricane Gilbert in 1988, was assessed quantitatively. Selfed Malayan Dwarf suffered higher mortality than the outcrosses tested. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library. ID: 1554 Au: Boose, Emery R; Foster, David R; Fluet, Marcheterre. Ti: Hurricane impacts to tropical and temperate forest landscapes. So: Ecological Monographs; 64(1):369-400, Nov. 1994. Ab: Hurricanes represent an important natural disturbance process to tropical and temperate forests in many coastal areas of the world. The complex patterns of damage created in forests by hurricane winds result from the interaction of meteorological, physiographic and biotic factors on a range of spatial scales. To improve our understanding of these factors and of the role of catastrophic hurricane wind a disturbance process, we take an integrative approach. A simple meteorological model (HURRECON) utilizes meteorological data to reconstruct wind conditions at specific sites and regional gradients in wind speed and direction during a hurricane. A simple topographic exposure model (EXPOS) utilizes wind direction predicted by HURRRECON and a digital elevation may estimate landscape-level exposure to the strongest winds. Actual damage to forest stands is assessed through analysis of remotely sensed, historical and field data These techniques were used to evaluate the characteristics and impacts of two important hurricanes; Hurricane Hugo (1989) in Puerto Rico and the 1938 New England Hurricane, storms of comparable magnitude in regions that differ greatly in climate, vegetation, physiograpahy, and disturbance regimes. In both cases patterns of damage on a regional scale were found to agree with the predicted distribution of peak wind gust velocities. On a landscape scale there was also good agreement between patterns of forest damage and predicted exposure in the Luquillo Experimental Forest in Puerto Rico and the town of Petersham, Massachusetts. At the Harvard and Pisgah Forests in Central New England the average orientation of wind-thrown trees was very close to the predicted peak wind direction, while at Luquillo there was also good agreement, with some apparent modification of wind direction by the mountainous terrain. At Harvard Forest there was evidence that trees more susceptible to windthrow were felled earlier in the storm. This approach may be used to study the effects of topography on wind direction and the relation of forest damage to wind speed and duration; to establish broad-scale gradients of hurricane frequency, intensity, and wind direction for particular regions; and to determine landscape-level exposure to long-term hurricane disturbance at particular sites. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library. ID: 1555 Au: Zimmerman, Jess K; Everham, Edwin M; Waide, Robert B; Lodge, D. Jean; Taylor, Charlotte M; Brokaw, Nicholas V. L. Ti: Responses of tree species to hurricane winds in subtropical wet forest in Puerto Rico: implications for tropical tree life histories. So: Journal of Ecology; 82(4):911-22, 1994. Ab: The study revealed significant differences among tree species in the degree and type of damage suffered during a hurricane and in the ability to recover from damage and resume a position in the forest canopy. Nonpioneers dominate early in recovery because of the ability to survive a storm and sprout new branches following the storm, while the immediate impact of a hurricane on the abundance of pioneer species is strongly negative. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library. ID: 1556 Au: Landsea, Christopher W; Gray, William M; Mielke, Paul W. Ti: Seasonal forecasting of Atlantic hurricane activity. So: Weather; 49(8):273-84, Aug. 1994. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
Au: Bellingham, P. J; Tanner, E. V. J; Healey, J. R. Ti: Sprouting of trees in Jamaican montane forests after a hurricane. So: Journal of Ecology; 82(4):747-58, 1994. Ab: Forests in the Blue Mountains of Jamaica were damaged by Hurricane Gilbert which passed over the island on 12 September, 1988. In plots between 1300-1900 m, recorded 5-41 months after the hurricane, most stems (61.4// of 4949 living stems) and most species (44 of 47 common species) had sprouts. Comparing species, percent of stems sprouting ranged from 0 to 100 percent. Broken stems sprouted proportionately more than intact stems; completely defoliated stems sprouted proportionately more than those not completely defoliated; there was no difference between uprooted and upright stems; and stems 10 cm d.b.h. sprouted more frequently and produced more sprouts per stem, than those 10 cm d.b.h. Sixteen of 27 species had sprouts before the hurricane and these sprouts grew more rapidly in height after the hurricane. Of the species with d30 sprouting stems, four sprouted more from below 2.5 m, five more from above 2.5 m and five had sprouts evenly distributed. For all species combined, approximately equal numbers of stems fell into each of these three categories. Survivorship up to 41 months after the hurricane was higher in stems with sprouts than those without. There was no simple relationship between the frequency of sprouting of species and microenvironments where seed germination and seedling establishments have been recorded. However, eight common species which have rarely been observed to germinate or establish (in a wide range of conditions) had high frequencies of sprouting. We propose that sprouting is an important mechanism by which many species maintain their presence in these forests. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library. ID: 1558 Au: Besson, Pascale; Poirier, Jean-Paul. Ti: The 3100 BP eruption of the Soufriere of Guadeloupe: a transmission electron microscopy study of the cryptodome and site. So: Bulletin of Volcanology; 56(3):184-92, August 1994. Ab: Fragments of unaltered andesite found at all levels in the deposits of the catastrophic flank-failure, directed-blast eruption of the Soufriere of Guadeloupe in 3100 BP are thought to be remnants of the cryptodome. They were observed in analytical transmission electron microscopy for clues to the evolution of the intrusion prior to the eruption. Several features that could potentially be used as temperature markers were identified, among which the angle between microexsolutions of magnetite in augite phenocrysts was used to find an upper boundary of the temperature of the intrusion before the eruption: 600-70o C. Calculation of the time a dyke or sphere-shaped intrusion may have taken to cool from the emplacement temperature down to the temperature of exsolution of the magnetite leads to an estimate of the time between emplacement of the intrusion and the eruption, which could not have been less than a few tens of years. It therefore seems probable that the emplacement of the magmatic intrusion was not the immediate cause of the flank destabilization and catastrophic eruption of the Soufriere in 3100 BP. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library. ID: 1559 Au: Dalling, J. W. Ti: Vegetation colonization of landslides in the Blue Mountains, Jamaica. So: Biotropica; 26(4):392-9, Dec. 1994. Ab: The floristics and nutrient relations of the vegetation on landslides 15 yr old and 50 yr old were studied in a montane rain forest. A total of 33 species were recorded on the 15 yr-old sites and d50 species on the 50-yr-old sites. The dominant woody species on all sites was Clethra occidentalis: fast-growing pioneer species characteristic of the forest edge were generally absent. Vegetation development on these sites was slow. On the 15-yr-old sites almost all individual were 1 m in stem length, and on older landslides all individuals were 5 m in stem length. For 15-yr-old sites, harvested aboveground biomass ranged between 350 and 820 g/m2, 79 percent of which was accounted for by a nitrogen-fixing lichen. On the oldest landslides, biomass ranged between 970 and 4690 g/m2 and was accounted for primarily by woody plants. Foliar concentrations of N, P, K, and Ca all increased (P0.01, data for all species combined) from the 15-yr-old to the older sites. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library. ID: 1560 Au: Pan American Health Organization. Ti: A world safe from natural disasters. So: In: Pan American Health Organization. A world safe from natural disasters, 1994. 112 . Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
Au: Pan American Health Organization. Ti: Disaster preparedness takes center stage. So: In: Pan American Health Organization. A world safe from natural disasters. Pan American Health Organization, 1994. 51-71. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
Au: Pan American Health Organization. Ti: Looking ahead the future. So: In: Pan American Health Organization. A world safe from natural disasters. 1994. 94-106 Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
Au: Pan American Health Organization. Ti: No shortcuts to disaster reduction. So: In: Pan American Health Organization. A world Safe from Natural Disasters. 1994. 1-4. Ab: Few People will question the wisdom of protecting lives and economic investments from the impact of natural hazards. But the countries of Latin America and the Caribbean have learned that there are no shortcuts to disaster reduction the road is long and winding, but it is worth the challenge. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library. ID: 1564 Au: Pan American Health Organization. Ti: One step ahead of disasters: mitigation and prevention. So: In:Pan American Health Organization. A world safe from natural disasters, 72-93. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
Au: Pan American Health Organization. Ti: The wake-up call: from improvisation to response planning. So: In:Pan American Health Organization. A world safe from natural disasters, 1994. 41-9. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
Au: Pan American Health Organization. Ti: What puts Latin America and the Caribbean at risk?. So: In:Pan American Health Organization. A world safe from natural disasters, 1994. 21-39. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
Au: Wright, Matthew G. Ti: An economic analysis of coral reef protection in Negril, Jamaica. Pub: Williamstown, MA; Williams College; 1994. 62. Ab: Document treats the preservation of the Negril Coral reef from an economic perspective by determining economic benefits to be gained from the implementation of projects aimed at protecting the reefs. Lo: Jamaica, Natural Resources Conservation Authority. ID: 1568 Au: Iremonger, Wright; Susan, Robb; Muchoney, Douglas M. Ti: Blue and John Crow Mountains National Park, Jamaica. Pub: Arlington; The Nature Conservancy; 1994. 90. Lo: Jamaica, Natural Resources Conservation Authority.
Au: Brown, Headly. Ti: Economics of disasters with special reference to the Jamaican experience. Pub: Kingston; University of the West Indies. Center for Environment and Development (UWICED); 1994. 20. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
Au: Pérez Hernandez, Ada Luisa. Ti: Evaluación del riesgo por inundaciones costeras en Cuba. Pub: s.l; UNDP; 1994. 20. Lo: Cuba, Latin American Centre for Disaster Medicine.
Au: Earle, Aedan H; Ahmad, Rafi. Ti: Landslide hazard zonation in the Rio Minho Watershed, Central Jamaica, for regional land-use planning. So: In: Donovan, Stephen K. ed. Geological and biological evolution of the Caribbean Region: a 60th birthday celebration in honour of Professor Edward Robinson: tributes, programme & abstracts. Kingston, University of the West Indies (Mona), 1994. Ab: Landslides, together with floods, have caused more recurrent economic losses and social hardships in the Rio Minho watershed than any other natural hazard. This trend will continue as new developments encroach on potentially unstable slopes. Past damage indicates the need for a systematic assessment of the landslide hazard that exists in the region. Land-use planning in the watershed has not taken into account the constraints imposed by landslide processes. A landslide hazard zonation map of the Rio Minho watershed has been prepared on a scale of 1.30,000 using the techniques of factor analysis and non-hierarchical cluster analysis. The landslide hazard map divides the watershed into four sub-areas according to the relative potential of hazard from landslides. This map is well-suited to the needs of regional land-use planners. In order to test the reliability of our hazard zonation, we monitored the incidence of landslides in the Rio Minho watershed during the years 1991-1993, especially those generated by the storm event of May 1991; this was the most significant event as far as slope failures were concerned. It was observed that, during the 1991 event, the landslides were widespread within the areas mapped as zones of moderate to high susceptibility. The occurrences of landslide landforms in the study area are profoundly influenced by geology and structure. An average 24 hour rainfall in excess of 300mm was established as an estimated threshold value sufficient to initiate widespread landslide activity. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library. ID: 1572 Au: McCain, Trevor W; Manning, Paul A. S; Ahmad, Rafi. Ti: A revised geological map of the Above Rocks Inlier, Jamaica. So: In: Donovan, Stephen K. Geological and biological evolution of the Caribbean region: a 60th birthday celebration in honour of Professor Edward Robinson: tributes, programme & abstracts. Kingston, University of the West Indies (Mona), 1994. Ab: Detailed geological and structural mapping in the Above Rocks Inlier during 1988-1990 has yielded new data which permit significant revision of the existing Jamaican 1:50,000 geological sheets #22 and #25. Our revised map of the inlier has been compiled at a scale of 1:12,500. The stratigraphic nomenclature of sheets #22 and #25 has been retained, while outcrop boundaries have been modified and lithological data added. Among the primary modifications are the recognition of lithological variations within formations; the structural database (with respect to joints, faults, mylonite zones, lineations, foliations, orientations of bedding and kinematic indicators) has been expanded; and alteration/mineralization zones have been mapped, noting the types and modes of occurrence of sulphide minerals. Some of the results and interpretations are:- (1) the contact between the Mount Charles Formation and the overlying Border Volcanic Formation may be conformable. (2) The Border Volcanic Formation was intruded by the Above Rocks granitoid. (3) The Above Rocks granitoid is compositionally zoned. (4) The trace of the E-W trending Cavaliers' Fault appears to follow part of the southern boundary of the inlier. (5) Tertiary limestone outliers and outcrops along the southern border of the inlier are reinterpreted as landslide deposits. (6) The southern and western margins of the inlier appear to be major faults. (7) The maximum length of dykes is about 300 m. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library. ID: 1573 Au: Hendry, Malcolm D. Ti: Applications of earth sciences to coastal zone management in the Caribbean. So: In: Jackson, Trevor A. ed; Donovan, Stephen K. ed. Geological and Biological Evolution of the Caribbean Region: a 60th Birthday Celebration in honour of Professor Edward Robinson: tributes, programme and abstracts. Kingston, University of the West Indies (Mona), 1994. Ab: The earth sciences embrace broad inter-disciplinary areas of research and application which are being used to address pressing issues of coastal zone management (CZM) in the Caribbean region. Examples of Earth Science applications to CZM are explained through case studies which include:-(1) Assessment of causative processes, and rates of shoreline and water level change (for example, sea-level), for determination of set-back requirements and for solution of erosion problems. (2) Investigation of non-metallic, shelf sediment sources for use in construction and beach renourishment projects. (3) Investigation of sources of alternative energy. (4) Environmental impact assessment of coastal development and engineering projects. (5) Risk assessment of hazards from earthquakes, tsunami and flooding. (6) Strategic planning for integrated coastal zone management, including institutional and technical assessment for design of CZM programs. (7) Projections for climate-change impacts on coastal and shelf areas. The planning process for CZM is no longer the preserve of individual disciplines and increasingly relies on cross-sectoral design, implementation and monitoring in which the Earth Sciences play an important part. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library. ID: 1574 Au: Phillip-Jordan, Cheryl. Ti: Earthquakes in Portmore, St. Catherine, Jamaica: past and future. So: In: Donovan, Stephen K. ed. Geological and biological evolution of the Caribbean region: a 60th birthday celebration in honour of Professor Edward Robinson, tributes, programme & abstracts. Kingston, University of the West Indies (Mona), 1994. Ab: Jamaica lies in an earthquake zone, but the risk from earthquakes varies between different parts of the island. Portmore, parish of St. Catherine, lies to the west of Kingston and has a suburban relationship with the capital city. Kingston was founded after much of Port Royal disappeared beneath the sea during the earthquake of 1692. The capital has subsequently suffered many earthquakes, but none have been as devastating. Though not as well-represented in the historical records as Kingston, the Portmore area has also endured earthquake devastation in the past. Local geology and proximity to potential epicentres combine to place Portmore at risk from earthquake damage. Variations in local geology caused by tectonic and other natural forces, and also by man, will certainly play a role in determining vulnerable microzones. The Wagwater Belt is important as a potential site for generating damaging earthquakes. It lies near to Portmore and may have been the epicentre for high intensity events in the past; it is likely to be so in the future. The risk of earthquake damage to Portmore must be considered in light of historical records, population density and continuing development. The high percentage of land used for residential purposes (with resulting high population density), the prevalent use of construction materials of high mass (excellent for withstanding hurricanes, but undesirable for earthquakes) and the large number of housing units constructed in recent years, combined with variables like when an earthquake may strike, places Portmore at greater risk than many parts of nearby Kingston. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library. ID: 1575 Au: Ahmad, Rafi; Robinson, Edward. Ti: Slope movements and the evolution of landforms in a plate boundary zone: examples from Jamaica. So: In: Donovan, Stephen K. Geological and biological evolution of the Caribbean region: a 60th birthday celebration in honour of Professor Edward Robinson: tributes, programme & abstracts. Kingston, University of the West Indies (Mona), 1994. Ab: The island of Jamaica is located within a seismically active plate boundary zone. Neogene strike-slip tectonics has produced major compression and uplift in the Jamaican region. Vertical and horizontal displacements along faults have resulted in a mountainous topography manifested as a 'block and belt' structure. Some 75 percent of the relief is characterised by slopes over 20o, underlain by intensely jointed, faulted and weathered bedrock. Neotectonic uplift has enhanced chemical weathering and mass movements. Jamaica is especially subject to slope movements because of particular combinations of geological history and rock type, its tectonic setting and the geographic location. The presence of mountains extending along the path of moisture-laden winds facilitate heavy orographic rainfall. Inherent slope instability factors include fault scarps, altered bedrock, caps of competent strata, alternating permeable and impermeable rocks, gypsum and anhydrite along formational contacts, and abundant discontinuities in slopes. These variables combine to produce a sensitive terrain where hydrolic and seismic factors are particularly effective in producing high rates of slope movement. A majority of the slopes are unable to sustain high relief under these conditions. Notwithstanding local variations, the landslide landforms are essentially ubiquitous; streams are choked with landslide debris (often forming landslide dams) and debris flow deposits appear to dominate alluvial fans. A scientific understanding of the physical environment and geodynamic processes are considered essential as guides to the formulation of public policy on the sustainable use of the limited land resources of Jamaica and other small island states. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library. ID: 1576 Au: Manning, Paul A. S; McCain, Trevor W; Ahmad, Rafi; Robinson, Edward. Ti: Structural geology of the Above Rocks Inlier, Jamaica. So: In: Donovan, Stephen K. Geological and biological evolution of the Caribbean region: a 60th birthday celebration in honour of Professor Edward Robinson: tributes, programme & abstracts. Kingston, University of the West Indies (Mona), 1994. Ab: Recent mapping has shown that the structure of the Above Rocks Inlier is dominated by brittle and brittle-ductile shear zones which define the following trends:015o, 090o, 115o, 135o and 160o. Major joint sets are also parallel to these trends. The overall orientation of shear zones and joints in the inlier follow major fault trends known from the rest of the island. This pattern appears to be consistent with the restraining bend geometry and the location of the island within a broad zone of Neogene left-lateral strike-slip deformation. The late cretaceous Above Rocks granitoid appears to be an epizonal, multiphase pluton which was mostly passively emplaced along pre-existing NW-SE fractures. Intrusion of dykes in the inlier was also controlled by NW-SE orientated faults and joints. However, in the Zion Hill area mesoscopic structures including aligned crystals, elongate cognate xenoliths and wall zone fabrics may be indicative of forceful emplacement of the pluton. Sulphide mineralization is controlled by the fracture geometry along NNW-SSE trending faults and shear zones, and along intrusive contacts of the main granitoid pluton. The latter is particularly well developed within an approximately 1.6km wide, NNE-SSW trending zone extending for a distance of some 6 km from Sue River in the north to Zion Hill-Harkers Hill in the south. The intrusive contact in this region dips approximately 6oW and has produced a relatively wide metamorphic aureole marked by sulphide mineralization. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library. ID: 1577 Au: Chung, Riley M. ed. Ti: Hurricane Hugo: Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, and Charleston South Carolina September 17-22, 1989. Pub: Washington; National Academy of Sciences; 1994. 276. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
Au: Bush, David M. Ti: Coastal Processes. So: In: Chung, Riley M. ed. Hurricane Hugo: Puerto Rico, The Virgin Islands, and Charleston South Carolina September 17-22, 1989. Washington, National Academy of Sciences, 1994. 130-54. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
Au: Aguirre, Benigno E. Ti: Emergency planning and response in Puerto Rico. So: In: Chung, Riley M. ed. Hurricane Hugo: Puerto Rico, The Virgin Islands, and Charleston South Carolina September 17-22, 1989. Washington, National Academy of Sciences, 1994. 63-81. Ab: This chapter presents a preliminary assessment of a set of processes that the reconnaissance team characterized as the organized disaster-response to Hurricane Hugo in Puerto Rico. Recommendations are included in the hope that they will improve the disaster response system on the island. The operations of NWS/WSFO are described and the reasons for its success identified. The SLOSH model, which was effectively used to plan and execute excavations, is described. The similarities between the two successful programs are noted. Finally elements in the disaster-response system that did not work well-i.e. sheltering, long term emergency housing, and lifeline protections are analyzed. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library. ID: 1580 Au: Vogel, John L. Ti: Hydrology. So: In: Chung, Riley M. ed. Hurricane Hugo: Puerto Rico, The Virgin Islands, and Charleston South Carolina September 17-22, 1989. Washington, National Academy of Sciences, 1994. 48-62. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
Au: Bush, David M; Marshall, Richard R. Ti: Lifelines. So: In: Chung, Riley M. ed. Hurricane Hugo: Puerto Rico, The Virgin Islands, and Charleston South Carolina September 17-22, 1989. Washington, National Academy of Sciences, 1994. 115-29. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
Au: Golden, Joseph H. Ti: Meteorology. So: In: Chung, Riley M. ed. Hurricane Hugo: Puerto Rico, The Virgin Islands, and Charleston South Carolina September 17-22, 1989. Washington, National Academy of Sciences, 1994. 16-47. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
Au: Marshall, Richard D. Ti: Surface speeds and property damage. So: In: Chung, Riley M. ed. Hurricane Hugo: Puerto Rico, The Virgin Islands, and Charleston South Carolina September 17-22, 1989. Washington, National Academy of Sciences, 1994. 82-116. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
Ti: Jamaica national environmental action plan 1994. Pub: Kingston; Jamaica. Government; 1994. 42 . Lo: Jamaica, Natural Resources Conservation Authority. ID: 1585 Au: Tyrell, Andrew J. Ti: Kingston Harbour: a study in pollution. Pub: Kingston; s.n; 1994. 106. Lo: Jamaica, Natural Resources Conservation Authority.
Au: Ahmad, Rafi. Ti: Liquifaction-related ground failures during the St. Andrew earthquake of 13 January 1993, Jamaica - implications for seismic hazard zonation. Pub: Kingston; The Faculty of Natural Sciences;1994. 22. Co: Proceedings of the First Conference- Faculty of Natural Sciences; Kingston, May 1994. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library. ID: 1587 Ti: Montego Bay 100 year hurricane coastal flooding hazard assessment. Pub: Kingston; Jamaica. Ministry of Agriculture. Water Resources Division; 1994. 17. Ab: This report represents the results of a pilot phase hazard mapping exercise carried out by the Jamaica CDMP Technical Working Group and the OAS/CDMP team. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
Au: Caribbean Meteological Institute. Ti: Monthly weather summary (January to December 1994 Part A). Pub: St. James; Caribbean Meteorological Institute; 1994. 25 Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
Au: Caribbean Meteorological Institute. Ti: Montly weather summary (Part B 1994). Pub: St. James; Caribbean Meteological Institute; 1994. 25. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
Au: Caribbean Meteological Institute. Ti: Montly weather summary (Part B 1995). Pub: St. James; Caribbean Meteological Institute; 1994. 25 Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
Au: Jamaica. Natural Resources Conservation Authority. Ti: National environmental action plan. Pub: Kingston; NRCA; 1994. 52 . Ab: Gives an overview of the state of the environment, discusses the economy and environmental matters including legislation. Lo: Jamaica, Natural Resources Conservation Authority. ID: 1592 Au: National Research Council. Ti: Natural disasters studies: Hurricane Hugo. Pub:Washington,D.C; National Academy of Sciences; 1994. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
Au: Haughton, Stephen. Ti: Position paper on dumpsites in Jamaica. Pub: Kingston; NRCA; 1994. 5. Lo: Jamaica, Natural Resources Conservation Authority.
Au: Suite, Winston H. E; Chin, Myron W; Khan-Kernahan, Ian. Ti: The role of the civil engineer in treating with natural disasters. So: In: Caribbean Academy of Sciences. Proceeedings of the 5th Annual General Meeting. St. Augustine, Caribbean Academy of Sciences, 1994. 8-18. Co: 5th Annual General Meeting; Georgetown, 1994. Ab: The paper singles out for specific focus, three of the most devastating types of natural disasters, earthquakes, hurricanes and floods. These have been the chief architects of the ever-changing landscape and they have wreaked havoc on human life and the built environment, as we have known it in the Caribbean Basin region. By drawing on the experiences and the lessons learnt from several well documented examples, an attempt is made to show how man has tried to use science to construct edifices better able to withstand the destructive forces of nature by employing a number of strategies beginning with his attempting to define acceptable levels of risk. The paper treats with the role of design codes of practice, the concept of factors of safety, statistical analysis of historical data and modes of failure as demonstrated by detailed studies of previous disaster sites. It examines the role of both experimental and theoretical research and model building and the advanced tools of analysis and design introduced by the advent of the computer. This is one approach taken by man, the civil engineer, in dealing with disasters. The paper then discusses a second approach, that of disaster management, utilising risk analysis, planning techniques and all the modern approaches of management science. It is argued that such an approach offers planning as one of the principal lines of defense against disasters. The paper concludes with a discussion of how well the engineer/designer/planner has performed in adopting these approaches. It uses several well publicised examples of disaster occurrences of the last decade and makes recommendations on how science can deal more effectively in reducing the impact of those forces of nature in future. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
Au: Eyre, L. Alan. Ti: Loss and degradation of the tropical forests. What has gone wrong? What can be done? So: In: Sharma, P. R. ed. Regional policies and development in the Third World. Varanasi, Rishi Pub, 1994. 97-115. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
Au: Cambers, Gillian; James, Arlington. Ti: Sandy coast monitoring: the Dominica example (1987-1992). Pub: Paris; Unesco; 1994. 92. Ab: Presented and discussed in this document are the results of a beach monitoring programme in Dominica (1987-1992). Twenty-three beach sites were measured at three-monthly intervals. In 1989 during the monitoring period two major hurricanes passed close to Dominica. Significant erosion followed by accretion was reported after the hurricanes; however, two years later, the beaches had not recovered their pre-hurricane levels. Very high average erosion rates were calculated (close to 1 m per year) and were related to beach sand mining. This programme was carried out within a regional UNESCO/COMAR/COSALC-1 project "Beach and Coastal Stability in the Lesser Antilles". Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library. ID: 1597 Au: Edwards, David T. Ti: Small farmers and protection of the watersheds: the experience of Jamaica since the 1950s. So: London; Overseas Development Institute; March 1994. 73. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
Au: Daniel, Pierre. Ti: A real-time system for forecasting hurricane storm surges over the French Antilles. So: In: Maul, George A. ed. Small islands: marine science and sustainable development. Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, 1994. 146-56. Ab: A depth-averaged numerical storm-surge model has been developed and configured to run on a personal workstation to provide a stand-alone system for forecasting hurricane storm surge. Atmospheric surface pressure and surface winds are derived from an analytical hurricane model that requires only hurricane positions, central pressures, and radii of winds. The storm-surge model was tested in hindcast mode on three hurricanes which gave significant surges over Guadeloupe and Martinique during the last 15 years. This model could be used for other small islands in the Caribbean. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library. ID: 1599 Au: Montero, Guillermo Garcia; Marti, Jose L. Juanes. Ti: Beach erosion and mitigation: the case of Varadero Beach, Cuba. So: In: Maul, George A. ed. Small islands: marine science and sustainable development. Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, 1994. 238-49. Ab: Varadero Beach, one of the most important tourist resorts of Cuba, has been experiencing an erosive trend of its shoreline for the past 25 years. Shoreline retreat has been estimated at 1.2 m/yr with an average sand loss of 50,000 m3/yar. The main results of a research program for beach erosion studies are presented; this includes the results of a mitigation program applying artificial beach nourishment that has been developed since 1987, with a total of 700,000 m3 of sand nourished to the beach. The main causes of beach erosion and the reasons for specific mitigation actions are explained. The application of these results to other small island countries could be inferred. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library. ID: 1600 Au: Maul, George A; Hendry, Malcolm D; Pirazzoli, Paolo A. Ti: Sea level, tides and tsunamis. So: In: Maul, George A. ed. Small islands: marine science and sustainable development. Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, 1994. 83-119. Ab: Small islands have intimate contact with oceanic phenomena, and in many cases their geography is a totally marine environment. Accordingly, catastrophic events such as tsunamis can affect their entire land area, and rising global sea level is feared to flood whole nations. In a survey of sea level at numerous small islands, it is shown that in many cases sea level is falling and has been for centuries and that any effect of global change is very site specific. Tides, in general, have a smaller range at islands than at continental sites, but even though tidal observations are essential for determining vertical datums and for predictions, many small island developing states do not operate tide guages. Tsunami prediction, for example, requires improved bottom topography information at most sites, but again the observational network for issuing warnings and improving such forecasts is often times absent. A commitment by small island developing states to initiate observations and to participate in regional research and monitoring programs is considered essential for effective decision-making to assist sustained economic development. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library. ID: 1601 Au: Hendry, Malcolm D. Ti: The geological legacy of small islands at the Caribbean-Atlantic boundary. So: In: Maul, George A. ed. Small islands: marine science and sustainable development. Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, 1994. 205-24. Ab: Contrasting geological structures form the gateway between the Caribbean Sea and Atlantic-Ocean. To the north, islands of the Bahamas and Turks and Caicos are perched on extensive carbonate platforms whose surfaces have remained above the base of the euphotic zone through the Cenozoic. Southward, the generally volcanic Lesser Antilles has evolved in an island arc at the convergence zone of the Caribbean and American tectonic plates. A volcanically quiescent but seismically active branch of the arc diverges northeast of Martinique. Volcanism commenced in the Eocene, with islands building through the water column during the Cenozoic. The young non-volcanic island of Barbados, located above the accretionary fore-arc prism, first emerged above sea level about 900,000 years ago. Geological processes of millennia have controlled, and continue to influence, nearly all aspects of island economic life. While endowing the region with stunning beauty and environmental advantages, these processes have resulted in an uneven distribution of materials for construction; have left no significant metalliferous deposits; spawned no fossil fuels except in Barbados; and provided limitations to water supply in growing island populations. Widespread, severe risks associated with volcanic eruption, earthquakes, landslides, and longer term sea-level changes are also a consequence of these processes. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library. ID: 1602 Au: Cambers, Gillian. Ti: Towards integrated coastal zone management in small island states. So: In: Maul, George A. ed. Small islands: marine science and sustainable development. Washington, D.C,, American Geophysical Union, 1994. 323-40. Ab: Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) is still a relatively new concept within the smaller eastern Caribbean islands. The problems facing the implementation of ICZM are discussed: these include the absence of quantitative coastal inventories of natural resources, the weakness of physical planning mechanisms, shortages of equipment, and the difficulty of reconciling the short term political time frame and the longer term environmental time scale. The paper recommends increased cooperation between professionals in regional research institutions and government CZM agencies to develop applied research projects to solve specific problems. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library. ID: 1603 Au: Kahwa, Isenkumba A; Reid, Howard O. N. Ti: The asbestos problem in Jamaica. Pub: Kingston; University of the West Indies; Centre for Environment and Development; 1994. 40. Ab: Research has shown that exposure to asbestos can cause potentially fatal diseases such as lung cancer, asbestosis, and mesothelioma. This paper presents a preliminary assessment of the impact of asbestos products usage in Jamaica. The authors reveal that asbestos wastes in Jamaica are largely handled in an unsafe manner and are improperly disposed of, causing a major public health concern in some areas. Recommendations are made for identification of suitable sites and mechanisms for waste disposal, detailed research into Jamaica's asbestos problem, and close monitoring of the health of persons who risk occupational exposure to asbestos. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library. ID: 1604 Au: Thacker, Katy. Ti: Water quality issues. Pub: Negril; Negril Coral Reef Preservation Society; 1994. 184. Lo: Jamaica, Natural Resources Conservation Authority.
Au: Ambeh, William B. ed. Ti: Proceedings of the Caribbean conference on natural hazards: volcanoes, earthquakes, windstorm, floods. Pub: Kingston; University of the West Indies. Seismic Research Unit; 1994. 395. Co: Natural hazards: volcanoes, earthquakes, windstorms, floods; St. Anns, 11-15, Oct.1993. Lo: Costa Rica, Regional Disaster Information Center for Latin America and the Caribbean, UWI, Mona, Science Library. ID: 1606 Au: Suite, Winston H. E. Ti: A strategy for retrofitting critical structures in reducing earthquake and hurricane risk. So: In: Ambeh, William B. ed. Proceedings of the Caribbean conference on natural hazards: volcanoes, earthquakes, windstorm, floods. Kingston, University of the West Indies. Seismic Research Unit, Jul. 1994. 373-80. Co: Natural hazards: volcanoes, earthquakes, windstorms, floods; St. Anns, 11-15, Oct.1993. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library. ID: 1607 Au: Shepherd, John B; Lynch, Lloyd L; Tanner, J. G. Ti: A revised earthquake catalogue for the eastern Caribbean region: 1513-1992. So: In: Ambeh, William B. ed. Proceedings of the Caribbean conference on natural hazards: volcanoes, earthquakes, windstorm, floods. Kingston, University of the West Indies. Seismic Research Unit, Jul. 1994. 43-52. Co: Natural hazards: volcanoes, earthquakes, windstorms, floods; St. Anns, 11-15, Oct.1993. Ab: We present a revised earthquake catalogue for the eastern Caribbean region 8N to 22.5N, 58W to 70W covering the period 1930 to 1993. Sizes of all events for which sufficient information exists have been expressed in terms of seismic moment either measuring directly or derived from earthquake magnitude by theoretical and empirical formulae. From 1530 to 1900 the sources of information consists entirely of written accounts of felt earthquakes. The completeness of this part of the catalogue varies throughout the region but is probably complete down to magnitude (Mw) 6.5 to 7 since 1800 and perhaps as far back as 1600 in some parts of the region. From 1900 onwards an increasing number of instrumentally-determined epicenters and magnitudes are available but reports of felt earthquakes continue to exceed instrumental observation until at least 1950. During this period the lower magnitude of completeness is in the range of 5.5 to 6. After 1950 the establishment of more modern seismograph station within the region gradually improved the location threshold but the major improvement did not occur until 1964 when the almost simultaneous completion of WWSSN and the establishment of the ISC further reduced the threshold to about 4.0. Within limited regions such as the Central Lesser Antilles and the Trinidad-Tobago region where local seismograph systems are particularly efficient the local threshold is now down to micro earthquake level. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
Au: Latchman, Joan L; Ambeh, William B; Lynch, Lloyd L. Ti: Attenuation of seismic waves in the Trinidad & Tobago area. So: In: Ambeh, William B. ed. Proceedings of the Caribbean conference on natural hazards: volcanoes, earthquakes, windstorm, floods. Kingston, University of the West Indies. Seismic Research Unit, Jul. 1994. 100-12. Co: Natural hazards: volcanoes, earthquakes, windstorms, floods; St. Anns, 11-15, Oct.1993. Ab: The attenuation of seismic waves from earthquakes located within the area bounded by 9-12N and 60-63W was estimated from short period seismograms. Coda Q, Qc, determinations were made for each of the six seismograph stations within the area, while spectral Q values from P-phases, Q alpha, were estimated from station TRN. The S-S single scattering model was assumed for coda generations, and the w-2 (omega) source model was assumed for the spectural Q determinations. The Qc values show a strong frequency dependence in frequency range values 1.5 to 12 Hz. The value of Q at 1 Hz, Qo, was found to lie within the range 107-132, while the rate of frequency dependence, n, extends from 0.80-1.06 for shallow events. For intermediate depth events, Qo varies from 101-173 and n from 0.80-1.02. Q alpha values obtained show a spatial variation within the region, with the highest attenuation being obtained on land Trinidad. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
Au: Chin, Myron W; Patazopoulou, S. J. Ti: Comparison of Caribbean and North American seismic provisions. So: In: Ambeh, William B. ed. Proceedings of the Caribbean conference on natural hazards: volcanoes, earthquakes, windstorm, floods. Kingston, University of the West Indies. Seismic Research Unit, Jul. 1994. 283-93 Co: Natural hazards: volcanoes, earthquakes, windstorms, floods; St. Anns, 11-15, Oct.1993. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library. ID: 1610 Au: Osborne, Robin W. A. Ti: Construction practices and seismic vulnerability: typical single-family dwellings in Trinidad, West Indies. So: In: Ambeh, William B. ed. Proceedings of the Caribbean conference on natural hazards: volcanoes, earthquakes, windstorm, floods. Kingston, University of the West Indies. Seismic Research Unit, Jul. 1994. 365-8. Co: Natural hazards: volcanoes, earthquakes, windstorms, floods; St. Anns, 11-15, Oct.1993. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library. ID: 1611 Au: Paultre, Patrick; Mitchell, Denis. Ti: Determining seismic base shear - a more rational approach. So: In: Ambeh, William B. ed. Proceedings of the Caribbean conference on natural hazards: volcanoes, earthquakes, windstorm, floods. Kingston, University of the West Indies. Seismic Research Unit, Jul. 1994. .294-302. Co: Natural hazards: volcanoes, earthquakes, windstorms, floods; St. Anns, 11-15, Oct.1993. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library. ID: 1612 Au: Aguilar-Bercerril, Hector R; Perez-Rocha, L. Eduardo; Aviles-Lopez, Javier Perez-Rocha, L Edwardo; Aguilar-Bercerril, Hector R. Ti: Dynamic soil-structure interaction effects on response spectra. So: In: Ambeh, William B. ed. Proceedings of the Caribbean conference on natural hazards: volcanoes, earthquakes, windstorm, floods. Kingston, University of the West Indies. Seismic Research Unit, Jul. 1994. 124-33. Co: Natural hazards: volcanoes, earthquakes, windstorms, floods; St. Anns, 11-15, Oct.1993. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library. ID: 1613 Au: Ambeh, William B. Ti: Earthquake hazard in the Eastern Caribbean. So: In: Ambeh, William B. ed. Proceedings of the Caribbean conference on natural hazards: volcanoes, earthquakes, windstorm, floods. Kingston, University of the West Indies. Seismic Research Unit, Jul. 1994. 147-64. Co: Natural hazards: volcanoes, earthquakes, windstorms, floods; St. Anns, 11-15, Oct.1993. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library. ID: 1614 Au: Smith, Alan L; Roobol, M. J. Ti: Eastern Caribbean volcanic hazards. So: In: Ambeh, William B. ed. Proceedings of the Caribbean conference on natural hazards: volcanoes, earthquakes, windstorm, floods. Kingston, University of the West Indies. Seismic Research Unit, Jul. 1994. 220-9. Co: Natural hazards: volcanoes, earthquakes, windstorms, floods; St. Anns, 11-15, Oct.1993. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library. ID: 1615 Au: Smith, Martin S; Shepherd, John B. Ti: Explosive submarine eruptions of Kick-'Em-Jenny Volcano: priliminary investigations of the potential tsunami hazard in the Eastern Caribbean Region. So: In: Ambeh, William B. ed. Proceedings of the Caribbean conference on natural hazards: volcanoes, earthquakes, windstorm, floods. Kingston, University of the West Indies. Seismic Research Unit, Jul. 1994. 249-60. Co: Natural hazards: volcanoes, earthquakes, windstorms, floods; St. Anns, 11-15, Oct.1993. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library. ID: 1616 Au: Golofre, Jose Grases. Ti: Migration of seismic activity in the northern boundary of the Caribbean Plate. So: In: Ambeh, William B. ed. Proceedings of the Caribbean conference on natural hazards: volcanoes, earthquakes, windstorm, floods. Kingston, University of the West Indies. Seismic Research Unit, Jul. 1994. 1-10. Co: Natural hazards: volcanoes, earthquakes, windstorms, floods; St. Anns, 11-15, Oct.1993. Ab: Among the recent destructive earthquakes associated with the Caribbean Plate, the MS7.6 1976 Guatemala earthquake stands out: ground breakage was mapped along the Motagua fault for nearly 230 Km, with mean left lateral displacements of approximately one metre and local displacement of as much as three times more. The evaluation of previous destructive events in the same area, base on the form and extension of isoseismal maps, leads to comparable Richter magnitude associated with the Polochic-Chixoy fault. This paper explores possible evidence for such a low propagating deformational process along the compound plate boundary. It summarizes the result of a time -space analysis of the destructive and/or large instrumentally recorded events during the 1538-1976 period, with magnitudes at least equal to 7.0 associated with the above mentioned plate border, which is nearly 3500 km long. The total number of events is 113, of which a third reached Mercalli intensities of at least grade vii; a third of these were concomitant with tsunamis. The sequence of occurrence of the 113 earthquakes shows west-east migration patterns. Therefore large events with epicenters towards the eastern end and northern boundary seem to belong to cycles of activity that begin at the northern end of the plate and which take about three and a half centuries to reach the other end. With the available data several cycles of migration can be identified in historical times, recurring 7 to 8 decades and with propagation velocities of 8.5deg/century. The observation described above leads to the identification of relatively small areas some 350-400 km long, where the probability of large earth quakes occurring within the next 10-15 years is much higher than for neighbouring areas. This seems to be the case of five areas identified in the paper, whose total length is about half of the plate boundary length. Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library. Download 3.84 Mb. Share with your friends:
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