Summary of effectiveness of UP devices
Scenario A - Low
|
|
|
|
Rigid UP
|
Front
|
Side
|
Rear
|
Fatal injury
|
25%
|
20%
|
35%
|
Serious injury
|
35%
|
30%
|
45%
|
|
|
|
|
Scenario B - Most Likely
|
|
|
|
Rigid UP
|
Front
|
Side
|
Rear
|
Fatal injury
|
30%
|
25%
|
39%
|
Serious injury
|
39%
|
36%
|
50%
|
|
|
|
|
Scenario C - High
|
|
|
|
Rigid UP
|
Front
|
Side
|
Rear
|
Fatal injury
|
35%
|
30%
|
44%
|
Serious injury
|
44%
|
41%
|
55%
|
|
|
|
|
Scenario D - Energy Absorbing UP
|
Front
|
Side
|
Rear
|
Fatal injury
|
39%
|
35%
|
49%
|
Serious injury
|
49%
|
46%
|
60%
|
Source: Haworth (2002), Rechnitzer (1993), VC-COMPAT studies, Elvik.
6. Estimate the overall cost of underrun crashes per year;
Summarise the 1990-99 FCD data and other estimates, for underrun crashes with rigid and articulated heavy commercial vehicles over 7.5 tonnes, in to the number of fatal, serious and minor injuries,
Proportion injuries relating to front, side or rear underrun using State crash databases,
Note the cost of a single fatality, serious injury and minor injury for passenger vehicles and split this in to trauma cost (injuries) and non-trauma cost (property),
Multiply the non-trauma cost by 1.5 for the cost of a single heavy vehicle fatality,
Convert this to 2005 dollars,
Multiply this by the summarised injury data on numbers to get an overall cost.
UNDERRUN CRASHES
Resulting in
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
FATALITIES
|
1990
|
1992
|
1994
|
1996
|
1997
|
1998
|
1999
|
2000
|
2001
|
2002
|
2003
|
Average
|
With cars and 4WDs
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Rigid Truck
|
19
|
11
|
25
|
13
|
12
|
22
|
18
|
NA
|
NA
|
NA
|
NA
|
17
|
Artic Truck
|
55
|
10
|
39
|
16
|
7
|
16
|
26
|
NA
|
NA
|
NA
|
NA
|
24
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
With motorcycle/bicycle
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Rigid Truck
|
3
|
1
|
3
|
3
|
4
|
3
|
4
|
NA
|
NA
|
NA
|
NA
|
3
|
Artic Truck
|
9
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
4
|
5
|
7
|
NA
|
NA
|
NA
|
NA
|
4
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Rigid Truck Total
|
22
|
12
|
28
|
16
|
16
|
25
|
22
|
NA
|
NA
|
NA
|
NA
|
20
|
Artic Truck Total
|
64
|
11
|
39
|
18
|
11
|
21
|
33
|
NA
|
NA
|
NA
|
NA
|
28
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
TOTAL FATALITIES
|
86
|
23
|
67
|
34
|
27
|
46
|
55
|
NA
|
NA
|
NA
|
NA
|
48
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
SERIOUS INURIES
|
1990
|
1992
|
1994
|
1996
|
1997
|
1998
|
1999
|
2000
|
2001
|
2002
|
2003
|
Average
|
With cars and 4WDs
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Rigid Truck
|
128
|
74
|
169
|
88
|
81
|
149
|
122
|
NA
|
NA
|
NA
|
NA
|
116
|
Artic Truck
|
371
|
68
|
263
|
108
|
47
|
108
|
176
|
NA
|
|
|
|
163
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
With motorcycle/bicycle
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Rigid Truck
|
20
|
7
|
20
|
20
|
27
|
20
|
27
|
NA
|
NA
|
NA
|
NA
|
20
|
Artic Truck
|
61
|
7
|
0
|
14
|
27
|
34
|
47
|
NA
|
NA
|
NA
|
NA
|
27
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Rigid Truck Total
|
149
|
81
|
189
|
108
|
108
|
169
|
149
|
NA
|
NA
|
NA
|
NA
|
136
|
Artic Truck Total
|
432
|
74
|
263
|
122
|
74
|
142
|
223
|
NA
|
NA
|
NA
|
NA
|
190
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
TOTAL SERIOUS INJURIES
|
581
|
155
|
452
|
230
|
182
|
311
|
371
|
NA
|
NA
|
NA
|
NA
|
326
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
MINOR INURIES
|
1990
|
1992
|
1994
|
1996
|
1997
|
1998
|
1999
|
2000
|
2001
|
2002
|
2003
|
Average
|
With cars and 4WDs
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Rigid Truck
|
295
|
171
|
388
|
202
|
186
|
342
|
279
|
NA
|
NA
|
NA
|
NA
|
266
|
Artic Truck
|
854
|
155
|
605
|
248
|
109
|
248
|
404
|
NA
|
NA
|
NA
|
NA
|
375
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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