Economic History of the U. S. Econ 1740, Class Time Line. Part 1: The Colonial Era; 1607 – 1776

Chapter 7-8

1775-

1776-

1783-

1785-

1786-

1787-

1789-

1791-

1794-

1796-

1803-

1808-

1809-

1812-

1814-

1819-

1845-

1846-

1848-

1853-

1862-

1867-

1898-

Chapters 9-10

1800-1860

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  Increase of Railroads, Boats efficiency, Canals and Roads.
  

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  Mechanisms made to produce of flour and cotton without the aid of man.
  

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  1807 -Steam boat was invented by Robert Fulton and Robert R. Livingston.
  

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  Railroad and canals were made privately and publicly few railroads were funded by the federal government.
  

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  Effects of increased railroads/canals and more efficiency in boats created.
  
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  Transportation of goods costs decreased since transferring goods took less time to get from point A to B downstream as well as upstream. Traveling Costs a large portion of money that ate away ate profits became a fraction of the cost.
  

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  Transportation freight rates with the easier transportation of goods came with the industrial revolution.
  

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  America started with only a few factories and lumber mills. The new nation arouse by 1860 America was only second to Great Britain.
  
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  Industrial revolution began with the north. Started from the New England expanding to the Middle Colonies.  With up rise of industry production made household production declined dramatically.
  

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  A substantial output of a standardized product made to be sold in a wide, rather than a strictly local, market.
  
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  Complex operations carried on in one building or group of adjacent building or group of adjacent buildings. A considerable investment in fixed plant, the mechanization of processes, and the use of power are implied.
  
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  An assembly of workers under a definite organizational discipline.
  

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  Factories were not just a building it was assembly line for processing raw goods. Something Great Britain had forbid the U.S while under their power/watch. The hope of becoming a more united states was near. We worked together, traded with each other, and produced together. Even though we had this period of unity it was broken with the disagreement of slavery.
  

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  First developed factory was cotton textile industry. Made by Almy, Brown, and Slater.
  
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  The Lowell shops and the Waltham system
  
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  Cabot Lowell observed a power loom in Great Britain and copied it design.  It included all stages of production (spinning, weaving, dying, and cutting) all under one roof.
  

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  Oliver Evans builds a flour mill in Philadelphia. (1782)
  

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  Latter copied by Henry Ford and his production of the automobile.
  

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  Water was power and energy.
  

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  Slow moving water wheels were an equivalent to several thousand horse power. Most effective of them all was the (Breast wheel) water flew up and underneath as oppose to above or underneath.
  
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  Steam engines were introduce but not effective as water power. They broke down frequently and had little skilled mechanics to repair them.
  
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  Result of improved machinery, cheaper distribution of goods, increase railroads, canals, roads. The north had capital-intensive industries: cotton textiles, iron, liquors, flour/grist mills, paper, tanning, and wool textile.
  
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  Other industries such as boots/shoes, coaches/harnesses, furniture/wood work, and glass were had less job opportunities then capital-intensive industries. Farming was in the south, but if you were in the north you had to have a skill/trade to be able to work.
  
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  Transportation was easier and less costly, new inventions for factory lines and transportation created the market growth. We became a united nation threw goods and increased production of man and machinery.