English words and phrases

nephelometer [instrument to measure turbidity].

smoky, fumid^†, murky, dirty.

turbidity &c 426.1.

pure color, positive color, primary color, primitive complementary color; three primaries; spectrum, chromatic dispersion; broken color, secondary color, tertiary color.

local color, coloring, keeping, tone, value, aerial perspective.

[Science of color] chromatics, spectrum analysis, spectroscopy; chromatism^†, chromatography^†, chromatology^†.

[instruments to measure color] prism, spectroscope, spectrograph, spectrometer, colorimeter (optical instruments) 445.

pigment, coloring matter, paint, dye, wash, distemper, stain; medium; mordant; oil paint &c (painting) 556.

bright, vivid, intense, deep; fresh, unfaded^†; rich, gorgeous; gay.

gaudy, florid; gay, garish; rainbow-colored, multihued; showy, flaunting, flashy; raw, crude; glaring, flaring; discordant, inharmonious.

mellow, pastel, harmonious, pearly, sweet, delicate, tender, refined.

deprive of color, decolorize, bleach, tarnish, achromatize, blanch, etiolate, wash out, tone down.

pale as death, pale as ashes, pale as a witch, pale as a ghost, pale as a corpse, white as a corpse.

albification^†, etiolation; lactescence^†.

snow, paper, chalk, milk, lily, ivory, alabaster; albata^†, eburin^†, German silver, white metal, barium sulphate [Chem], titanium oxide, blanc fixe [Fr.], ceruse^†, pearl white; white lead, carbonate of lead.

V. be white &c adj.. render white &c adj.; whiten, bleach, blanch, etiolate, whitewash, silver.

Adj. white; milk-white, snow-white; snowy; niveous^†, candid, chalky; hoar, hoary; silvery; argent, argentine; canescent^†, cretaceous, lactescent^†.

whitish, creamy, pearly, fair, blond; blanched &c v.; high in tone, light.

white as a sheet, white as driven snow, white as a lily, white as silver; like ivory &c n..
431. Blackness -- N. blackness, &c adj.; darkness, &c (want of light).. 421; swartliness^†, lividity, dark color, tone, color; chiaroscuro &c 420.

nigrification^†, infuscation^†.

jet, ink, ebony, coal pitch, soot, charcoal, sloe, smut, raven, crow.

[derogatory terms for black-skinned people] negro, blackamoor, man of color, nigger, darkie, Ethiop, black; buck, nigger [U.S.]; coon [U.S.], sambo.

[Pigments] lampblack, ivory black, blueblack; writing ink, printing ink, printer's ink, Indian ink, India ink.

V. be black &c adj.; render black &c adj.. blacken, infuscate^†, denigrate; blot, blotch; smutch^†; smirch; darken &c 421.

black, sable, swarthy, somber, dark, inky, ebony, ebon, atramentous^†, jetty; coal-black, jet-black; fuliginous^†, pitchy, sooty, swart, dusky, dingy, murky, Ethiopic; low-toned, low in tone; of the deepest dye.

black as jet &c n., black as my hat, black as a shoe, black as a tinker's pot, black as November, black as thunder, black as midnight; nocturnal &c (dark) 421; nigrescent^†; gray &c 432; obscure &c 421.

Adv. in mourning.
432. Gray -- N. gray &c adj.; neutral tint, silver, pepper and salt, chiaroscuro, grisaille [Fr.].

[Pigments] Payne's gray; black &c 431.

Adj. gray, grey; iron-gray, dun, drab, dingy, leaden, livid, somber, sad, pearly, russet, roan; calcareous, limy, favillous^†; silver, silvery, silvered; ashen, ashy; cinereous^†, cineritious^†; grizzly, grizzled; slate-colored, stone-colored, mouse-colored, ash-colored; cool.
433. Brown -- N. brown &c adj.. [Pigments],, bister ocher, sepia, Vandyke brown.

V. render brown &c adj.; tan, embrown^†, bronze.

Adj. brown, bay, dapple, auburn, castaneous^†, chestnut, nut-brown, cinnamon, russet, tawny, fuscous^†, chocolate, maroon, foxy, tan, brunette, whitey brown^†; fawn-colored, snuff-colored, liver-colored; brown as a berry, brown as mahogany, brown as the oak leaves; khaki.

sun-burnt; tanned &c v..

ruby, carbuncle; rose; rust, iron mold.

redness &c adj.; rubescence^†, rubicundity, rubification^†; erubescence^†, blush.

render red &c adj.; redden, rouge; rubify^†, rubricate; incarnadine.; ruddle^†.

rose-colored, ruby-colored, cherry-colored, claret-colored, flame-colored, flesh-colored, peach-colored, salmon-colored, brick-colored, brick-colored, dust-colored.

blushing &c v.; erubescent^†; reddened &c v.. red as fire, red as blood, red as scarlet, red as a turkey cock, red as a lobster; warm, hot; foxy.
Complementary Colors
435. Greenness -- N. green &c adj.; blue and yellow; vert [Heral.].

emerald, verd antique [Fr.], verdigris, malachite, beryl, aquamarine; absinthe, cr=eme de menthe [Fr.].

greenness, verdure; viridity^†, viridescence^†; verditure^†.

emerald green, pea green, grass green, apple green, sea green, olive green, bottle green, coke bottle green.

greenish; virent^†, virescent^†.

green (learner) 541, new, inexperienced, novice, (unskillful) 699.

green (ill, sick).

Phr. green with envy; the green grass of Ireland; the wearing of the green.
436. Yellowness -- N. yellow &c adj.; or.

[Pigments] gamboge; cadmium-yellow, chrome-yellow, Indian-yellow king's-yellow, lemonyellow; orpiment^†, yellow ocher, Claude tint, aureolin^†; xanthein [Chem], xanthin^†; zaofulvin^†.

crocus, saffron, topaz; xanthite^†; yolk.

jaundice; London fog^†; yellowness &c adj.; icterus^†; xantho-cyanopia^†, xanthopsia [Med.].

Adj. yellow, aureate, golden, flavous^†, citrine, fallow; fulvous^†, fulvid^†; sallow, luteous^†, tawny, creamy, sandy; xanthic^†, xanthous^†; jaundiced^†, auricomous^†.

gold-colored, citron-colored, saffron-colored, lemon-colored, lemon yellow, sulphur-colored, amber-colored, straw-colored, primrose-colored, creamcolored; xanthocarpous^†, xanthochroid^†, xanthopous^†.

yellow as a quince, yellow as a guinea, yellow as a crow's foot.

warm, advancing.

lividness, lividity.

lapis lazuli, sapphire, turquoise; indicolite^†.

blueness, bluishness; bloom.

Adj. blue, azure, cerulean; sky-blue, sky-colored, sky-dyed; cerulescent^†; powder blue, bluish; atmospheric, retiring; cold.
439. Orange -- N. orange, red and yellow; gold; or; flame color &c adj.. [Pigments] ocher, Mars'orange^†, cadmium.

cardinal bird, cardinal flower, cardinal grosbeak, cardinal lobelia (a flowering plant).

spectrum, rainbow, iris, tulip, peacock, chameleon, butterfly, tortoise shell; mackerel, mackerel sky; zebra, leopard, cheetah, nacre, ocelot, ophite^†, mother-of-pearl, opal, marble.

check, plaid, tartan, patchwork; marquetry-, parquetry; mosaic, tesserae^†, strigae^†; chessboard, checkers, chequers; harlequin; Joseph's coat; tricolor.

V. be variegated &c adj.; variegate, stripe, streak, checker, chequer; bespeckle^†, speckle; besprinkle, sprinkle; stipple, maculate, dot, bespot^†; tattoo, inlay, damascene; embroider, braid, quilt.

Adj. variegated &c v.; many-colored, many-hued; divers-colored, party-colored; dichromatic, polychromatic; bicolor^†, tricolor, versicolor^†; of all the colors of the rainbow, of all manner of colors; kaleidoscopic.

iridescent; opaline^†, opalescent; prismatic, nacreous, pearly, shot, gorge de pigeon, chatoyant^†; irisated^†, pavonine^†.

pied, piebald; motley; mottled, marbled; pepper and salt, paned, dappled, clouded, cymophanous^†.

mosaic, tesselated, plaid; tortoise shell &c n.. spotted, spotty; punctated^†, powdered; speckled &c v.; freckled, flea-bitten, studded; flecked, fleckered^†; striated, barred, veined; brinded^†, brindled; tabby; watered; grizzled; listed; embroidered &c v.; daedal^†; naevose^†, stipiform^†; strigose^†, striolate^†.

view, look, espial^†, glance, ken [Scot.], coup d'oeil [Fr.]; glimpse, glint, peep; gaze, stare, leer; perlustration^†, contemplation; conspection^†, conspectuity^†; regard, survey; introspection; reconnaissance, speculation, watch, espionage, espionnage [Fr.], autopsy; ocular inspection, ocular demonstration; sight-seeing.

point of view; gazebo, loophole, belvedere, watchtower.

field of view; theater, amphitheater, arena, vista, horizon; commanding view, bird's eye view; periscope.

visual organ, organ of vision; eye; naked eye, unassisted eye; retina, pupil, iris, cornea, white; optics, orbs; saucer eyes, goggle eyes, gooseberry eyes.

short sight &c 443; clear sight, sharp sight, quick sight, eagle sight, piercing sight, penetrating sight, clear glance, sharp glance, quick glance, eagle glance, piercing glance, penetrating glance, clear eye, sharp eye, quick eye, eagle eye, piercing eye, penetrating eye; perspicacity, discernment; catopsis^†.

eagle, hawk; cat, lynx; Argus^†.

evil eye; basilisk, cockatrice [Myth.].

look, view, eye; lift up the eyes, open one's eye; look at, look on, look upon, look over, look about one, look round; survey, scan, inspect; run the eye over, run the eye through; reconnoiter, glance round, glance on, glance over turn one's looks upon, bend one's looks upon; direct the eyes to, turn the eyes on, cast a glance.

observe &c (attend to) 457; watch &c (care) 459; see with one's own eyes; watch for &c (expect) 507; peep, peer, pry, take a peep; play at bopeep^†.

look full in the face, look hard at, look intently; strain one's eyes; fix the eyes upon, rivet the eyes upon; stare, gaze; pore over, gloat on; leer, ogle, glare; goggle; cock the eye, squint, gloat, look askance.

clear-eyesighted &c n.; eagle-eyed, hawk-eyed, lynx-eyed, keen-eyed, Argus-eyed.

visible &c 446.

Adv. visibly &c 446; in sight of, with one's eyes open at sight, at first sight, at a glance, at the first blush; prima facie [Lat.].

Int. look!, &c (attention) 457.

Phr. the scales falling from one's eyes; an eye like Mars to threaten or command [Hamlet]; her eyes are homes of silent prayer [Tennyson]; looking before and after [Hamlet]; thy rapt soul sitting in thine eyes [Milton].
442. Blindness -- N. blindness, cecity^†, excecation^†, amaurosis^†, cataract, ablepsy^†, ablepsia^†, prestriction^†; dim-sightedness &c 443; Braille, Braille-type; guttaserena (drop serene), noctograph^†, teichopsia^†.

V. be blind &c adj.; not see; lose sight of; have the eyes bandaged; grope in the dark.

not look; close the eyes, shut the eyes-, turn away the eyes, avert the eyes; look another way; wink &c (limited vision) 443; shut the eyes to, be blind to, wink at, blink at.

render blind &c adj.; blind, blindfold; hoodwink, dazzle, put one's eyes out; throw dust into one's eyes, pull the wool over one's eyes; jeter de la poudre aux yeux [Fr.]; screen from sight &c (hide) 528.

Adj. blind; eyeless, sightless, visionless; dark; stone-blind, sand-blind, stark-blind; undiscerning^†; dimsighted &c 443.

blind as a bat, blind as a buzzard, blind as a beetle, blind as a mole, blind as an owl; wall-eyed.

blinded &c v..

Adv. blindly, blindfold, blindfolded; darkly.

Phr. O dark, dark, dark, amid the blaze of noon [Milton].
443. [Imperfect vision.] Dimsightedness [Fallacies of vision.] -- N. dim sight, dull sight half sight, short sight, near sight, long sight, double sight, astigmatic sight, failing sight; dimsightedness &c; purblindness, lippitude^†; myopia, presbyopia^†; confusion of vision; astigmatism; color blindness, chromato pseudo blepsis^†, Daltonism; nyctalopia^†; strabismus, strabism^†, squint; blearedness^†, day blindness, hemeralopia^†, nystagmus; xanthocyanopia^†, xanthopsia [Med.]; cast in the eye, swivel eye, goggle-eyes; obliquity of vision.

winking &c v.; nictitation; blinkard^†, albino.

dizziness, swimming, scotomy^†; cataract; ophthalmia.

[Limitation of vision] blinker; screen &c (hider) 530.

[Fallacies of vision] deceptio visus [Lat.]; refraction, distortion, illusion, false light, anamorphosis^†, virtual image, spectrum, mirage, looming, phasma^†; phantasm, phantasma^†, phantom; vision; specter, apparition, ghost; ignis fatuus [Lat.] &c (luminary) 423; specter of the Brocken; magic mirror; magic lantern &c (show) 448; mirror lens &c (instrument) 445.

V. be dimsighted &c n.; see double; have a mote in the eye, have a mist before the eyes, have a film over the eyes; see through a prism, see through a glass darkly; wink, blink, nictitate; squint; look askant^†, askant askance^†; screw up the eyes, glare, glower; nictate^†.

dazzle, loom.

blind as a bat &c (blind) 442; winking &c v..

spy; sentinel &c (warning) 668.

spectacles, specs [Coll.], glasses, barnacles, goggles, eyeglass, pince-nez, monocle, reading glasses, bifocals; contact lenses, soft lenses, hard lenses; sunglasses, shades [Coll.].

periscopic lens^†; telescope, glass, lorgnette; spyglass, opera glass, binocular, binoculars, field glass; burning glass, convex lens, concave lens, convexo-concave lens^†, coated lens, multiple lens, compound lens, lens system, telephoto lens, wide-angle lens, fish-eye lens, zoom lens; optical bench.

astronomical telescope, reflecting telescope, reflector, refracting telescope, refractor, Newtonian telescope, folded-path telescope, finder telescope, chromatoscope; X-ray telescope; radiotelescope, phased-array telescope, Very Large Array radiotelescope; ultraviolet telescope; infrared telescope; star spectroscope; space telescope.

refractometer, circular dichroism spectrometer.

interferometer.

phase-contrast microscope, fluorescence microscope, dissecting microscope; electron microscope, transmission electron microscope; scanning electron microscope, SEM; scanning tunneling electron microscope.

light pipe, fiber optics mirror, reflector, speculum; looking-glass, pier-glass, cheval-glass, rear-view mirror, hand mirror, one-way mirror, magnifying mirror.

prism, diffraction grating; beam splitter, half-wave plate, quarter-wave plate.

camera lucida [Lat.], camera obscura [Lat.]; magic lantern &c (show) 448; stereopticon; chromatrope^†, thaumatrope^†; stereoscope, pseudoscope^†, polyscope^†, kaleidoscope.

photometer, eriometer^†, actinometer^†, lucimeter^†, radiometer; ligth detector, photodiode, photomultiplier, photodiode array, photocell.

X-ray diffractometer, goniometer.

spectrometer, monochrometer, UV spectrometer, visible spectrometer, Infrared spectrometer, Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, recording spectrometer; densitometer, scanning densitometer, two-dimensional densitometer.

abdominoscope^†, gastroscope [Med.], helioscope^†, polariscope^†, polemoscope^†, spectroscope.

abdominoscopy^†; gastroscopy [Med.]; microscopy, microscopist.

expose to view &c 525.