From gallons to miles
Table 1 Means and Standard Deviations of the Variables in our Sample, Ohio, and the US*
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- Table 2: Parameter Estimates of VMT Model (Dependent Variable: Ln(VMT))
- Table 3 Annual Net Benefits ($2013) From a Gasoline Tax and VMT Tax to Reduce Fuel Consumption 1%
- Table 4 Annual Net Benefits ($2013) From a Gasoline Tax and VMT Tax To Raise $55 billion Per Year For Highway Spending
- Table 5: Annual Net Benefits ($2013) From a Gasoline Tax and VMT Tax to Raise at Least $55 billion Per Year For Highway Spending, Assuming Average Automobile Fuel Economy Improves 40%*
Table 1 Means and Standard Deviations of the Variables in our Sample, Ohio, and the US*
*Means of variables with standard deviations for our sample in parentheses; n.a. indicates that the value for a variable was not publicly available. a US and Ohio Monthly VMT for March 2013 are calculated from the FHWA March 2013 Traffic Volume Trends. b Gas Price from Oil Price Information Service. c MPG for Ohio and US from FHWA 2013 Highway Statistics d Average annual income in our sample is based on the average annual income of the zip codes where drivers in the sample live. Median household income for Ohio and US obtained from the 2010 American Communities Survey. e Defined as more than 4 years old. The figure for the U.S. was constructed using automobile sales data from the St. Louis Federal Reserve Bank and from estimates of scrappage rates in Jacobsen and van Benthem (2015). f Urban population as defined in the 2010 U.S. Census. Table 2: Parameter Estimates of VMT Model (Dependent Variable: Ln(VMT))
Table 3 Annual Net Benefits ($2013) From a Gasoline Tax and VMT Tax to Reduce Fuel Consumption 1%
Source: Authors’ calculations. Some columns may not sum precisely due to rounding. Total external costs include a government service externality and a local air pollution externality in addition to the congestion, accident, and CO2 externalities listed. Table 4 Annual Net Benefits ($2013) From a Gasoline Tax and VMT Tax To Raise $55 billion Per Year For Highway Spending
Source: Authors’ calculations. Some columns may not sum precisely due to rounding. Total external costs include a government service externality and a local air pollution externality in addition to the congestion, accident, and CO2 externalities listed. Table 5: Annual Net Benefits ($2013) From a Gasoline Tax and VMT Tax to Raise at Least $55 billion Per Year For Highway Spending, Assuming Average Automobile Fuel Economy Improves 40%*
*All changes are relative to a 40% improvement in fuel economy without either tax in place. Source: Authors’ calculations. Some columns may not sum precisely due to rounding. Directory: files files -> Answer True False 2 points Question 2 files -> Integer programming and game theory files -> 4 Integer Programming files -> Bpa vehicle Window Repair Scenario #1 task: Procure vehicle window relacement. Objective files -> Pop Warner History files -> North Carolina Inclusion Initiative Mapping Where Children with ieps are Being Served Purpose files -> Fall 2013 Spring 2014 Program Data: Standard 1 Exhibit 4d files -> Hanban – asia society confucius classrooms network 2010 request for proposal files -> Northern England’s set-jetting locations Download 0.64 Mb. Share with your friends:
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