Guide to Embedding Disability Studies into the Humanities



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Slide 6 Women..

liked to be worshipped, cherished, and deferred to;


were flattered to be considered vulnerable and virginal; and
recognized that male superiority was the natural order of things (in spite of the fact that the wife might have more talent and higher attainment than her husband).


Slide 7 Quoted in Godey’s Lady’s Book in 1852, A Philadelphia professor stated that he was proud that in America

“women prefer to suffer the extremity of danger and pain rather than waive those scruples of delicacy which prevent their maladies from being fully explored.”


He thought this was evidence of a “fine morality.”

Slide 8 Illustration of women many appear to be disturbed

From Sigmund Freud: Analysis of A Mind, 1995, A&E Television Networks

Color and B&W, 50 minutes, DVD


Slide 9 Libido

Freud proposed the existence of a special energy, he called libido, that motivates people to seek gratificationノsexual gratification.


He believed that the “libido” fueled our desire to make an emotional connection with others.
He also coined the term “diminished libido,” to refer to inhibited desire.

Slide 10 Psychosexual Theory & Libido

According to Freud, the energy generated by the sexual instinct, or libido, also known as the “life” instinct, played an important role in one of his most controversial theories –


Psychosexual Development, the childhood stages of development

(oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital)
He believed that our basic personality is formed by events that happened to us in the first 6 years of life.

Slide 11 Psychosexual Theory & Libido

For each stage Freud identified a different erogenous zone:


Stage Age Erogenous Zone

oral 1st 18 months mouth, lips, tongue

anal 18 mo -2yr anal region

phallic 3-6yrs genital region

latency 7 to puberty sex interest go underground

genital puberty genitals- at this stage sexuality becomes less internally directed and more directed as other erotic objects.



Slide 12 Erogenous Zones

Areas of the body that has heightened sensitivity, the stimulation of which may result in the production of erotic sensations or sexual excitement.


Erogenous zones are generally found on all humans, they are not specific from one person to another, and may not work depending on a personal sensitivity.

Slide 13 GABY: A True Story

The mind sets limitations.

The heart Surpasses them.

Slide 14 Erogenous Zones

Erogenous zones are areas of the body that are particularly responsive to sexual stimulation.


Primary areas contain dense concentration of nerve ending
Secondary areas are other areas of the body that become eroticized because they are touched within the context of sexual intimacies


Slide 15 Primary Erogenous zones include

Vagina/clitoris

Penis/frenulum

Scrotum/testicles

Buttocks

Anus


Perineum

Breast (especially nipples)



Secondary Erogenous Zones include

Armpits


Mouth (lips, tongue, entire oral cavity)

Neck


Ears

Navel


Inside of thighs

Wrists


Feet/toes


Slide 16 Hysteria and Vibrators

Freud originally perceived hysteria as a disease, but he later considered it a sexual frustration of women ‘suffering’ from an intense need or longing for an orgasm.


First mechanical vibrator was invented in late 1800’s by a British physician.
Invented as a way to more efficiently perform a therapeutic massage on females with a diagnosis of hysteria.


Slide 17 Photo of Old Therapeutic Massage Table

Slide 18 Photo of Old Mechanical Vibrator

Slide 19 Photograph of Taffy Tickler

Runner Up Best Vibrator 2007



http://www.vibratoroftheyear.com

Slide 20 Impairment or Disability



Impairment: “any loss or abnormality of psychological or anatomical structure of function”
Disability: “any restriction or lack (resulting from an impairment) of ability to perform an activity in the manner or within a range considered normal for a human being”
1980 World Health Organization International Classification of Impairments, Disabilities, and Handicap

Slide 21 Terminology Shift

In 2001, the World Health Organization International Classification of Impairments, Disabilities and Handicaps changed to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health



Slide 22 Narcissism

Freud postulated that:


Certain aspects of narcissism are necessary to the maturation of the self, and to self-preservation;
Obsession with self, conceit, selfishness;
Involves total self-absorption.

Slide 23 Narcissism and Disability

According to Siebers…


“the introduction of narcissism into the literature of psychoanalysis is the first major link to disability, although excessive egotism and pain appear earlier and plays a significant part in Freud’s metapsychology.”
“Psychoanalysis treats disability almost exclusively as a symbol of narcissistic injury; disability has little meaning beyond this symptomology.”

Slide 24 Disability

Freudian framework displays strong similarities to the medical model of disability.


To Freud…disability grounds the meaning of castration.
Freud insists that disability in the form of amputations, blindness, etc., are symbolic substitutes for castration




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