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AUTHOR Jean-Laurent Rosenthal

R. Bin Wong



TITLE Before and Beyond Divergence
The Politics of Economic Change in China and Europe

CATEGORY economics
monograph

NUMBER OF PAGES 290
4 maps, 3 tables
PUBLICATION MONTH April

AUTHOR BIO Jean-Laurent Rosenthal was born in Boston in 1962. Educated at Reed College and the California Institute of Technology he is now Rea A. and Lela G. Axline Professor of Business Economics at the California Institute of Technology. He is the co-editor of a number of books.

R. Bin Wong was born in Columbus, Ohio in 1949. Educated at the University of Michigan and Harvard University he is now is Professor of History and Director of the Asia Institute at the University of California, Los Angeles.

BOOK DESCRIPTION

Compares the economic histories of China and Europe since about 1000 AD, asking why China declined between 1400 and 1980 but then re-emerged as a major presence in the global economy and why Europe, a region torn by strife, suffering and economic collapse after the fall of the Roman Empire, became the site of modern economic growth.

Why did China’s early economic successes begin to fade after 1400 and begin to grow dramatically only since the 1980s? Why did Europe, a region torn by strife and suffering and economic collapse after the fall of the Roman Empire, become the birthplace of modern economic growth?  By recognizing that these two questions are related, this book responds to both by comparing Chinese and European economic institutions and their political contexts. Drawing on the complementary strengths of discipline, economics and history, and those of spatial expertise, China and Europe, this book applies economic theory to two of the world’s most advanced economic regions before 1800 in order to discover economic consequences of political differences that are surprising and significant.
The divergence of Chinese and European economic paths began centuries before the English began building their late eighteenth-century cotton textile mills. Moreover, the political factors crucial to making an economic gap increasingly likely in the decades preceding the visible break in production technologies and marketing also are at work in our contemporary world of globalization but now in ways once again favoring China over Europe. Well beyond the period when we witness a divergence between China and Europe, China’s economic rise, so often seen as a sudden eruption of the past few decades, is in fact rooted in a long history of challenging possibilities only recently met with dramatic success.
For anyone interested in the origins of the modern economic world and how factors explaining its European location are related to China’s earlier competitiveness if not superiority and its recent dramatic changes, this book offers an innovative analysis to set a new basis for understanding global economic history before and beyond the European era of industry and empire.


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AUTHOR Dorothee Schneider



TITLE Crossing Borders
Migration and Citizenship in the Twentieth-Century United States

CATEGORY history
monograph

NUMBER OF PAGES 330
2 graphs
PUBLICATION MONTH May


AUTHOR BIO Dorothee Schneider was born in Germany in 1953. Educated at the University of Munich, she is now Lecturer of History in the Department of History at the University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign. She is the co-author with Harry Liebersohn of My Life in Germany before and after January 30, 1933”: Refugee Memoirs and Experiences published in 2001.

BOOK DESCRIPTION


A sweeping view of twentieth-century migration history to the United States from the point of departure abroad to the naturalization of immigrants as American citizens.
In contrast to conventional histories of U.S.immigration, this book follows the sequential border crossing experiences that always shape the lives of first-generation immigrants, especially in the twentieth century. Beginning with their departure from home, the narrative moves with immigrants to the physical border of the United States as they enter the country for the first time. The book then continues to map the trajectory of deportation or integration and ends with naturalization and U.S. citizenship as a final border crossing.

Immigrants from three continents play important parts in the story, including Italians, Arabs, Poles, Mexicans, Chinese, and Japanese. Throughout, the book is shaped by close attention to immigrants and their voices on the one hand, and national policies and laws on the other. Schneider emphasizes how immigrant communities and public officials changed one another’s behavior, often in unacknowledged ways. The book will thus conceptualize border crossings as a field of negotiation between state power and individual immigrants. American citizenship, in this context, becomes a flexible concept used by both immigrants and the U.S. government for pragmatic purposes that did not always fit a nationalist agenda.




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AUTHOR John C. Seitz



TITLE No Closure
Catholic Practice and Boston’s Parish Shutdowns

CATEGORY religion
monograph

NUMBER OF PAGES 328
PUBLICATION MONTH June

AUTHOR BIO John Seitz was born in Boulder, Colorado in 1976. Educated at the University of Colorado Boulder and Harvard University, he is now Assistant Professor in the Theology Department at Fordham University. This is his first book.

BOOK DESCRIPTION



Built on discussions of sacrifice, sacred space, resistance, and modernization, this book looks at a real-life struggle within American Catholicism after the announcement of the closure of eighty Boston parishes in 2004.

In Boston in 2004, the Roman Catholic Archdiocese announced plans to close or merge more than eighty parish churches. In the months that followed this announcement, parishioners at several parishes took over their churches in opposition to the closure decrees against them. No Closure is based on several years of fieldwork among Catholics in these parishes. Combined with archival work with parish records, this research opened new possibilities for understanding parishes as changing and contested sites of meaning and power for contemporary Catholics. In occupying their church buildings, resisters in Boston found themselves in a struggle not only with the archdiocese, but also with the most basic questions of their lives.


Their efforts reveal a willingness to braid together past and present in ways that have not been part of dominant narratives of contemporary U.S. Catholicism. This creative, strategic, and sometimes contradictory combination of past and present gave church occupations their drama and pathos. In refusing to follow the church’s path toward emotional and religious closure amid the shutdowns, resisters opened—for themselves and for those who would understand them—new space and time for testing the possibilities and limits of modern Catholic and American selfhood.


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AUTHOR Jay M. Smith



TITLE Monsters of the Grévaudan
The Making of a Beast

CATEGORY history
trade

NUMBER OF PAGES 386
25 halftones, 3 maps
PUBLICATION MONTH March

AUTHOR BIO Jay Smith was born in Baltimore in 1961. Educated at Northern Illinois University and the University of Michigan, he is now John Van Seters Distinguished Term Professor of History at UNC-Chapel Hill. He is the author of two books, most recently Nobility Reimagined: The Patriotic Nation in Eighteenth-Century France published by Cornell University Press in 2005.

BOOK DESCRIPTION

The story of the mysterious creature that terrorized southern France in the mid-eighteenth century, killing over one hundred women and children and defying all attempts at capture.

The beast of the Gévaudan has fascinated, in France and beyond, for more than two hundred years. Although much ink has been spilled in telling the tale of the beast and its killing spree, Monsters of the Gévaudan shows how little we really know about the beast, its human antagonists, and their world. Jay M. Smith pays close attention to the context of the story’s unfolding, a context where many monsters filled the imaginations of the beast’s contemporaries and where dramatic combats between heroic conquerors and their cruel or unnatural enemies satisfied profound cultural yearnings. Exhaustively researched, and expertly situated within the social, intellectual, cultural, and political currents of French life in the 1760s, Smith’s rendition of the beast’s tale provides the definitive analysis of the events that underlie this timeless story.

According to Smith’s analysis, popular attention has long been focused on the wrong mysteries surrounding the beast. The most stubbornly persistent questions all derive from the alleged uncertainties about the nature of the beast itself. What was its species? Why did it decapitate so many of its victims, and why did it prefer the flesh of women and children? How did it evade capture? Who really killed the beast—or was it ever really killed at all? These questions help to perpetuate intriguing myths, and they sustain interest in a folkloric tale that resonates with France’s deep, pre-modern past. But sensitive reading of the context surrounding the events in the Gévaudan opens more promising paths of interrogation. Two themes stand out. Why did contemporaries assume that the beast of the Gévaudan was anything other than a wolf? And why have generations of historians steadfastly ignored the tale of the beast when writing their histories of the French ancien régime? By showing the beast’s relationship to the historical forces that “made” it, Monsters of the Gévaudan finds the answer to both questions in the accident of timing. The beast was bound to be perceived, and later remembered, as strange and anomalous because its ravages coincided with the emergence of modernity itself. Caught within and obscured by the seams linking traditional and modern cultures, the presence of the beast, whether real or imagined, became an emblem of a lost world, regretted by some and scorned by others—perhaps especially scorned by intellectual elites. Smith at last enables readers to enjoy the story of the beast in all its complexity, but he also casts a critical light on the evolution of the story’s modern history. He thus discovers in this well-known eighteenth-century artifact new facets that give it the appearance of having been unearthed for the first time.

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AUTHOR Magda Teter



TITLE Sinners on Trial
Jews and Sacrilege after the Reformation

CATEGORY religion
monograph

NUMBER OF PAGES 344
15 halftones, 2 maps
PUBLICATION MONTH May

AUTHOR BIO Magda Teter was born in Poland in 1970. Educated at Warsaw University and Columbia University she is now Associate Professor of History at Wesleyan University. She is the author of Jews and Heretics in Catholic Poland published in 2006 by Cambridge University Press.

BOOK DESCRIPTION

Illuminates the Catholic Church’s profound anxiety about its power after the Protestant Reformation in a fascinating study of the transformation of sacrilege, especially host desecration, from a sin to a crime in post-Reformation Poland.

This book tells a story about the manipulation of the meaning of sacred space and sacred symbols to maintain and legitimize church authority in the aftermath of the Reformation, not necessarily though religious education and polemic but through the application of criminal law. At the center of it all were the consecrated communion wafer, the eucharist, and the Jews. In Poland, the largest country in Europe at the time, the contest over the sacredness of the eucharist became manifest in lay courts’ adjudication of crimes against property and against religious symbols, especially those linked to the eucharistic wafers. Mishandling of sacred symbols and objects transformed sins into crimes and resulted in harsh sentences, including burning at the stake.
Sinners on Trial casts a new light on the most infamous case of sacrilege, the accusations against Jews for stealing and desecrating the eucharistic wafer, situating it within a broader context of crime—most specifically that of sacrilege, and illuminating its post-Reformation character and challenges the view that following the Reformation Poland was “a state without stakes,” uniquely, a country without religious persecution. The book demonstrates that Poland’s (re)Catholicization was not as painless as scholars have assumed.


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AUTHOR Niobe Way



TITLE Deep Secrets
Boys’ Friendships and the Crisis of Connection

CATEGORY psychology
academic trade

NUMBER OF PAGES 326
PUBLICATION MONTH April


AUTHOR BIO Niobe Way was born in Paris in 1963. Educated at the University of California, Berkeley and Harvard, she is now Professor of Applied Psychology at New York University. She is the author or editor of a number of books, most recently with Bonnie Leadbetter of Urban Girls: Building Strengths published in 2007 by New York University Press.

BOOK DESCRIPTION

Argues that teenaged boys--even those who seem to live in the most macho urban subcultures--actually seek far more emotional connection with each other in their friendships than is conventionally believed, and than is argued in some psychological research literature. The larger point is that the usual constructions of gender are as oppressive to males, and as likely to be simply wrong, as they are about females.

What is the price boys pay for growing up in America? In Deep Secrets, developmental psychologist Niobe Way shines light on the intimate male friendships that are, contrary to popular perception, common among boys in their early teens. By late adolescence, however, these very same boys have unlearned what they once knew, with tragic consequences for themselves and for society.

Using data from over 600 interviews conducted with 180 White, Black, Latino, and Asian American boys over the course of high school, Way finds that boys, particularly during early and middle adolescence, speak repeatedly about sharing “deep secrets” with and loving their male best friends and that they would feel lost without them. Their language suggests an emotional acuity and a passionate engagement in their relationships that has rarely been noted in the popular or scientific literature. Yet the content of boys’ interviews and the language that they use change dramatically as they reach late adolescence. While their desires for intimate male friendships remain strong, they find it increasingly difficult to maintain these friendships. Boys, Way finds, abandon the relationships they want and begin distrusting others and feeling alone. Becoming a man, according to her data, means claiming “not to care” about emotional hurt, being “independent” from friends and families, and not discussing inner thoughts and feelings. This shift in attitude and behavior coincides strikingly with the age when the suicide rate among boys jumps up and becomes four times the rate of girls.   

Way argues that this shift during adolescence is a product of a culture that equates emotions and intimate friendships with being female or gay, while emotional stoicism and autonomy are associated with being male and straight. Boys begin to sound like gender stereotypes as they become men because they fear being called “girlish” or “gay.” Way reveals the price boys pay for this disconnection that includes social, emotional, and academic problems.  Rather than a “boy crisis,” Way argues we are in the midst of a “crisis of connection.” Drawing from her studies as well as research in the health, social, and natural sciences, Way reveals why we should be so alarmed by these patterns of disconnection. The hope for change, she argues, lies in fostering the so soci social and emotional capacities of young people. Only by helping boys and girls, men and women, remain emotionally connected and focused on having quality relationships will we be able to address the crisis of connection that is at the root of some of our most serious societal problems.



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AUTHOR Tara Zahra



TITLE The Lost Children
Reconstructing Europe’s Families after World War II

CATEGORY history
academic trade

NUMBER OF PAGES 326
PUBLICATION MONTH May

AUTHOR BIO Tara Zahra was born in Pennsylvania in 1976. Educated at Swarthmore College and the University of Michigan, she is now Assistant Professor of History at the University of Chicago. She is the author of Kidnapped Souls: National Indifference and the Battle for Children in the Bohemian Lands, 1900-1948 published by Cornell University Press in 2008.

BOOK DESCRIPTION

A compelling and challenging story of refugee children and their families that explores the many national, ethnic, and religious forces trying to influence the treatment of child victims of war and ethnic cleansing, and their intersection with diverse understandings of human rights and trauma, and of family ideals and child development.

During and after the Second World War, an unprecedented number of families were displaced or torn apart, whether due to emigration, deportation, forced labor, ethnic cleansing, or murder. As the Nazi empire crumbled, millions of people roamed the continent in search of lost family members. The book tells the story of these families, and of the postwar struggle to determine their fate.

 In the aftermath of World War II, policymakers and humanitarian activists in Europe linked the reconstruction of families to the survival of European civilization itself. As they struggled to rehabilitate millions of displaced persons, they invented new ideas about childhood, democracy, and national reconstruction. These ideas echoed well beyond Europe’s orphanages and refugee camps. They went on to shape Cold War conflicts, migration policies, and ideals of democracy in both Eastern and Western Europe. Even as Allied officials and humanitarian workers proclaimed a new era of individualist, liberal values in Europe, they ultimately defined the “best interests” of refugee children in collectivist and nationalist terms. They promoted sovereign nations and families as the recipe for both individual psychological rehabilitation and the future peace and stability of Europe. The supposedly timeless ideal of the nuclear family is itself largely a product of this extraordinary historical moment.



The Lost Children is based on original research in German, French, Czech, Polish, and American archives. Bringing together the history of Eastern and Western Europeans, Jewish survivors, German refugees, Communists, psychoanalysts, Allied soldiers, and humanitarian social workers, it is both the story of millions of war-torn families, and of the campaign to reinvent European societies in the aftermath of total war.


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