Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question



Download 0.66 Mb.
Page7/9
Date18.10.2016
Size0.66 Mb.
#1348
1   2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9

171 The organism in the terrestrial food web that corresponds to the krill in the marine food web is labeled X. Which of the following organisms is most likely organism X?





A

Mouse

B

Fox

C

Oak tree

D

Hawk

172 A hurricane sweeps across a small Caribbean island, killing 50 percent of the herbivore species on the island. Which of the following is the most immediate result?



F

a reduction in biodiversity

G

an acceleration of the carbon cycle

H

an increase in predator populations

J

a decline in decomposer populations

173 Which of the following is a nonenvironmental factor that might cause a population to decrease in size?



A

emergence of disease resistance

B

increased availability of a food source

C

decreased predation

D

increased competition

174 Scientists are investigating the cause of the large increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration since about 1800. Which of the following provides the best explanation for the increase?





F

eruptions of large volcanoes

H

natural fluctuations of climate

G

use of fossil fuels by humans

J

photosynthesis by phytoplankton

175 The following section focuses on the interactions of organisms in a food web.

A partial food web for organisms in Yellowstone National Park is shown below.

Which process do the animals in the food web use to convert energy from food into ATP?



A

cellular respiration

C

photosynthesis

B

osmosis

D

transcription

176 Which organism in the food web is classified into kingdom Fungi?



F

Idaho fescue

H

migratory grasshopper

G

king bolete

J

yellow-bellied marmot

177 Which of the following organisms is a secondary consumer in this food web?



A

yellow-bellied marmot

C

least chipmunk

B

strawberry plant

D

king bolete

178 Part of a tundra food web is shown below



Which of the following describes the relationship between the sedge and the arctic hare?



F

competition

H

mutualism

G

host-parasite

J

producer-consumer

179 Which of the following explains why legume plants are less likely than other terrestrial plants to experience nitrogen limitation?



A

Legume plants need less nitrogen than other plants do.

B

Legume plants have nitrogen-fixing bacteria on their roots.

C

Legume plants catch insects to supply themselves with nitrogen.

D

Legume plants can absorb nitrogen directly from the atmosphere.

180 Which of the following lists identifies organisms that are producers in food webs?



F

algae, ferns, sunflowers

G

mushrooms, bacteria, earthworms

H

termites, red foxes, shrews

J

woodpeckers, cardinals, grasshoppers

181 A builder is proposing a new housing development in an area of western Massachusetts. Construction of the housing development will destroy the wetland habitat in the area. Which of the following would be the most likely consequence of the wetland’s destruction?



A

The wetland plant species would disperse to adjacent meadow habitats.

B

The populations of wetland animals would be unable to survive in that area.

C

The wetland animal species would survive by interbreeding with non-wetland species.

D

The populations of wetland plants would evolve to disperse seeds by wind rather than water.

182 Which of the following relationships is an example of mutualism?



F

A lion eats a gazelle.

G

A virus uses both a bird and a horse as hosts.

H

A bacterium breaks down dead plant materials.

J

A bird eats food particles from a crocodile’s teeth.

183 Leaves fall from deciduous trees in autumn. The carbon in these leaves is returned to the atmosphere through which of the following processes?



A

condensation

C

photosynthesis

B

decomposition

D

transpiration

184 A marine food web is shown below





F



H



G



J



185 Major natural events, such as volcanic eruptions, significantly change the environmental conditions of the areas where the events occur. What happens to local populations that are unable to adapt to the new conditions or to move to other areas?



A

They become extinct

B

They undergo rapid mutations

C

They develop a scavenger lifestyle until conditions change

D

They interbreed with the populations of other species that have remained there

186 During one growing season, 5000 square meters of corn plants transpires approximately 1.85 million liters of water. The water lost from the plants via transpiration goes directly to which of the following?




F

insects

G

the soil

H

streams

J

the atmosphere




187 Black terns are a species of bird living in marshes, ponds, and marshy lakes. They feed on insects, fish, and crustaceans. They usually make their nests on loose, floating vegetation. Which of the following environmental changes would most likely decrease the size of the black tern population?



A

A competing bird population decreases in size.

B

Fish species have a more successful breeding season than usual.

C

A new plant species invades the environment and creates a dense cover of vegetation.

D

Insect larvae experience lower than average rates of predation and survive to adulthood.

188 Which statement is an example of a law of nature?



F

Amphibians evolved from fish living in shallow ponds.

G

A plant will be healthier when fertilizer is added to the soil each day.

H

The growth of a child is stunted when too much caffeine is consumed.

J

The genes for a trait separate into different gametes during gamete formation.

189 Which is a biotic factor affecting an ecosystem?



A

pH of rain

C

types of vegetation

B

daily temperature

D

average precipitation

190 A population of salamanders that live in a river require clear, fresh water to survive. A flood causes tons of sediment to be suspended in the river. Which of these most likely will happen to the salamander population?



F

The salamanders will adapt to life on land

G

The salamanders will move to another river

H

The salamanders will adapt to living in the muddy water

J

The salamanders will decrease in number because of the water quality

191 Which of the following will most likely result if all of the primary consumers are removed from this ecosystem?



A

Prairie rattlesnakes will become herbivores

B

Golden eagle and kit fox populations will decrease

C

Sagebrush grasshoppers will consume soil bacteria

D

Silk grass and sand sagebrush populations will decrease

192 Plants absorb solar energy during photosynthesis. The graph below represents how this energy is distributed in some plants.




Which of the following statements describes what happens to the energy represented by the section labeled X?



F

It is recycled to the Sun

G

It is consumed by decomposers

H

It is lost to the soil and the atmosphere

J

It is used for cellular respiration and maintenance




193 In traditional landscaping, leaves are raked off the ground and bagged. In which of the following ways does this practice most significantly disrupt natural nutrient cycling?



A

It carries away microorganisms that can perform nitrogen fixation

B

It reduces the rate of oxygen and carbon cycling via photosynthesis

C

It prevents carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen from being returned to the soil

D

It increases the amount of carbon dioxide that is released to the atmosphere

194 In the past 100 years, levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide have increased as the result of the burning of fossil fuels. Other processes in the carbon cycle have absorbed some of the carbon released by this combustion. Which of the following most likely have absorbed excess carbon released by combustion?



F

animals

H

plants

G

glaciers

J

rocks

195 When spring and summer conditions are warm and rainy, mosquito populations often become quite large. Which of the following statements best helps to explain this relationship?



A

Mosquito larvae eat organic debris

B

Adult male mosquitoes feed on plant nectar

C

Mosquitoes are attracted to warm-blooded animals

D

Female mosquitoes lay their eggs in pools of water

196 The graph below shows changes in the sizes of four animal populations over a 16-year period.



In which population was birthrate most likely greater than death rate from year 8 to year 12?



F

population 1

H

population 3

G

population 2

J

population

197 Which of the following roles do nitrogen-fixing bacteria serve in the nitrogen cycle?



A

They concentrate nitrogen in the atmosphere

B

They absorb nitrogen from the wastes of animals

C

They convert nitrogen into a form that plants can use

D

They release nitrogen from the bodies of decaying organisms

198 Which of the following best explains why tropical insects may be at greater risk for extinction from global warming than insects from higher latitudes?



F

Many tropical insects lay eggs year-round

G

Tropical insects include more pollinator species

H

Many tropical insects are herbivores rather than carnivores

J

Tropical insects have narrower ranges of tolerance for temperature changes

199 In Asia, human population growth and land development have fragmented forest habitats. Because of this fragmentation, tigers have become geographically isolated in small populations, and the tigers repeatedly mate within the same small population of tigers. Which of the following is the most likely impact this isolation will have on tiger populations?



A

Genetic diversity of each tiger population will decrease, threatening survival.

B

Adaptation of each tiger population to its present environment will occur rapidly.

C

The tigers in each population will breed more often, increasing population size.

D

The tigers in each population will mate with closely related species to maximize breeding success.


Download 0.66 Mb.

Share with your friends:
1   2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9




The database is protected by copyright ©ininet.org 2024
send message

    Main page