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- EU intelligence cooperation is key to effective prevention of terrorism but NSA surveillance deters cooperation.
XT – EU Cooperation KeyIntelligence sharing is key to effective operations --- diplomacy key to maintain those coalitions.Anna-Katherine Staser McGill and David H. Gray, Summer 2012. School of Graduate and Continuing Studies in Diplomacy Norwich University; and Campbell University. “Challenges to International Counterterrorism Intelligence Sharing,” Global Security Studies, 3.3, http://globalsecuritystudies.com/McGill%20Intel%20Share.pdf. It is clear that diplomacy will continue to be a key component in US counterterrorism coalition building. Intelligence sharing, as a by-product of these efforts, will likely improve for as long as trust is maintained or improved and compromises are made in the greater interest of combating the shared threat of terrorism. However, the US is also likely to face continuing foreseeable challenges from the ever expanding breadth of its international allies, its increasing dependence on its counterterrorism coalitions, and unpredictable setbacks to international trust like WikiLeaks. There are ways, however, to allay the impact of these challenges if not overcome them all together. With regards to traditional allies the United States must continue to negotiate a close working relationship with its NATO, EU, and 5 EYES partners. Great strides have been made but future disagreements on policy, tactics, and strategy for the war on terrorism are inevitable. The best way to prepare for such future issues is to continue to foster a positive collaborative relationship with these nations so that mutual trust will prevent arguments from threatening the survival of the alliance. This means that the US must carefully manage its international position. It cannot exploit legal loopholes like exporting suspects to other nations for questionable interrogations; it cannot bully its friends nor act unilaterally against their wishes; and it must hold itself to high moral standards befitting a liberal democracy. For new and non-traditional allies, Reveron states that “the long-term challenge for policymakers will be to convert these short-term tactical relationships into meaningful alliances while protecting against counterintelligence threats” (467). Traditional alliances have to start somewhere and over time these new relationships can turn in to tried and tested cooperation. In order to further develop these relationships the US should attempt to iron out policy differences in other arenas rather than turn a blind eye to them and continue providing technical and material support to their development of effective intelligence programs. The US should not however hold CT cooperation supreme over other critical issues such as nuclear and conventional arms proliferation and human rights violations. Nations like Iran and Syria may be helpful in the short term and for limited purposes but this does not negate their less desirable practices. Finally, the US will also need to look inward to prevent more classified information leaks. The US needs to be more critical in the issuance of security clearances, employ digital monitoring of who is downloading information and in what amount to prevent mass dumps, and give greater importance to curtailing the “insider threat” of US citizens leaking information overall. Improving intelligence security will help to mitigate the blowback from WikiLeaks and will go a long way to advancing US credibility and trust building. The careful maintenance and development of counterterrorism intelligence sharing is no doubt critical to the success of national and international-level CT operations. As this paper has demonstrated, many of the solutions to challenges facing CT intelligence sharing will require long-term solutions requiring patience, compromise, and vigilance. It will no doubt be a difficult task but intelligence is the first line of defense against terrorism. As such, it is imperative that the United States do all that it can strengthen this defense. EU intelligence cooperation is key to effective prevention of terrorism but NSA surveillance deters cooperation.George X. Protopapas, December 2014. Analyst at the ResearchInstitute for European and American Studies (RIEAS) and member of International Institute for Middle-East and Balkan Studies. “European Union’s Intelligence Cooperation: A Failed Imagination?” Journal of Mediterranean and Balkan Intelligence, 4.2, http://www.academia.edu/10996393/European_Union_s_Intelligence_Cooperation_A_Failed_Imagination. In addition, Snowden’s case provoked confrontation among the euro Atlantic partners as the National Security Agency (NSA) spying revelations broke the ties of trust between USA and EU Member- States. For example, the German parliament decided the establishment of a special Bundestag committee in order to investigate the global spying activities of the American National Security Agency (NSA) and European counterparts such as the GCHQ in the UK. Furthermore, the committee will likely examine if the German intelligence agencies were either aware of, or complicit in, the gathering of people’s data.18 The threat of the spread of Islamic extremism in the European continent desperately demands a close cooperation of the intelligence communities of USA, the European Union and the European states. The European Islamist extremists, who fight in the war of Syria against the president Bashar Assad pose a very dangerous threat, when they return in their European hometowns. The intelligence cooperation and sharing between USA and the European allies increase the possibilities for an effective identification and the prevention of terrorist, terrorism attacks and the organized crime’s illegal activities. In addition, the links between Islamic terrorist cells and organized crime groups pose a more combined threat to European security, as the terrorists and criminals has a boarder field of cooperation (illegal trade weapons, smuggling, human trafficking, drugs, extortion, adductions for money etc.) Directory: file -> view view -> Western Europe after wwii view -> Author study: paul fleischman view -> Qpa1 7ela study Guide view -> Arctic Oil/Gas Neg view -> November 1970 Approximately 150,000-500,000 deaths Bhola Cyclone Bangladesh view -> Grade Level: 6 Unit of Study: Caribbean glce view -> Citation: Duffield, Katy view -> Table of Contents Lesson # view -> Chinese Wind Energy Disad Download 0.54 Mb. Share with your friends:
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