Damien (All Teams) – Affirmative – El-Shifa

GHILL 1AC

European Sudanese Public Affairs Council, 98 (September, “Confused, Inconclusive And Contradictory”: An Assessment And Analysis Of The American Government’s “Evidence” For The Cruise Missile Attack On Sudan” http://www.espac.org/al_shifa_pages/al-shifa_1.asp)

Ahmed, Director of the Institute for Policy Research & Development, Researcher at the Islamic Human Rights Commission, teaches undergraduate courses in International Relations at the University of Sussex, ’01 (Nafeez, October 22, “United States Terrorism in the Sudan: The Bombing of Al-Shifa and its Strategic Role in U.S.-Sudan Relations” http://www.mediamonitors.net/mosaddeq16.html)

Becker, of the International Action Center in New York & Members of Former Attorney General Ramsey Clark’s delegation to the El Shifa Pharmaceutical Plant which gathered evidence refuting the claim that the plant made CBWs, 98 (Richard, “Sudan: Diversionary Bombing,” web site of the Institute for Media Analysis, www.covertaction.org/content/view/105/75/)

Clark, of the Newstatesmen, 3-20-2K (Malcom, “Bad air and rank hypocrisy” Newstatesmen, http://www.newstatesman.com/200003200023)

BBC News, 8-20-’07 (“Sudan Commemorates Al-Shifa Bombing, Hopes For Better Relations With USA” lexis)

Observation Two: Terrorism Credibility
First, Refusal to take responsibility destroys our international credibility and cooperation needed to fight terrorism and guarantees future terrorist attacks

Mideast Mirror, 1998 (Aug 24th, “Why Washington's Arab allies won't support its missile strikes”)

Lewis, twice winner of the Pulitzer Prize, taught at Columbia University’s Graduate School of Journalism and James Madison chair in First Amendment issues, ’99 (Anthony, September 1, “Abroad at Home; Weighing the Price” New York Times, lexis)

Alexander, Professor & Director Inter-University Center for Terrorism, 2K (Yonah, “Terrorism in the Twenty-First Century: Threats and Responses,” Depaul Business Law Journal, Fall 1999 / Spring 2000)

First, New terrorists are increasingly likely to both acquire and use nuclear weapons

Lippman, Professor of Criminal Justice at the University of Illinois-Chicago, 2K3 (Matthew, “The New Terrorism and International Law,” Tulsa Journal of Comparative and International Law, Volume 10)
Second, That causes escalation and full-scale nuclear retaliation

Speice, JD Candidate Marshall-Wythe School of Law, College of William and Mary, ’06 (Patrick, February, “Negligence And Nuclear Nonproliferation: Eliminating The Current Liability Barrier To Bilateral U.S.-Russian Nonproliferation Assistance Programs” 47 Wm and Mary L. Rev. 1427, William and Mary Law Review, lexis)

First, terrorists are on the verge of acquiring bioweapons – they won’t be deterred

Van Evera, Professor of Political Science and International Relations at MIT, ’06 (Stephen, September, “Confronting The Specter Of Nuclear Terrorism: Special Editor: Graham Allison: Assessing U.S. Strategy In The War On Terror” 607 Annals 10, American Academy of Political and Social Science, lexis)
Second, International cooperation is the only way to prevent catastrophic bioterrorism

Joseph, Under Secretary for Arms Control and International Security, ’06 (Robert, March 29, “U.S. Strategy to Combat the Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction” Written Statement to the Senate Armed Services Committee Subcommittee on Emerging Threats and Capabilities, http://www.state.gov/t/us/rm/63877.htm)

Livingstone, chief executive of GlobalOptions, considered one of the nation’s preeminent authorities on terrorism, ’99 (Neil, February 3, “Clinton Anti-Terror Plan Is Correct” Newsday, lexis)

Hymers, Ret. Lt. Colonel in the US Army, published over a hundred articles, summa cum laude Masters Degree in Theology, 2K1 (Robert, “The Roots of Terrorism”, http://www.rlhymersjr.com/Online_Sermons/11-04-01PM_TheRootsOfTerrorism.html)

Ochs, has published articles in the Baltimore Sun, Baltimore Chronicle, Science magazine and the website: www.freefromterror.net, past president of the Aberdeen Proving Ground Superfund Citizens Coalition, member of the Depleted Uranium Task force of the Military Toxics Project and a member of the Chemical Weapons Working Group, 6-9-2K2 (Richard, “Biological Weapons Must Be Abolished Immediately,” http://www.freefromterror.net/other_articles/abolish.html)

First, Terrorists will target South Asia and trigger an Indo-Pak nuclear exchange and uncontrolled nuclear proliferation

Alexander, Senior Fellow at the Potomac Institute for Policy Studies, Director of its International Center for Terrorism Studies, Director of the Inter-University Center for Terrorism Studies and Co-Director of the Inter-University Center for Legal Studies, 2K (Yonah, April 11, “South Asian storm clouds” Jerusalem Post)
Second, That nuclear war escalates and causes extinction

Caldicott, Former Prof @ Harvard, Founder of the Nuclear Policy Research Institute, Nobel Peace Prize Nominee, 2K2 (Helen, The New Nuclear Danger, p. xii)

Utgoff, Deputy Director of the Strategy, Forces, and Resource Division of the Institute for Defense Analysis, ‘02 (Victor, Survival, “Proliferation, Missile Defence and American Ambitions”)

New terrorist attacks will cause isolationism

Juster, Unde Secretary of Commerce for Industry and Security, ’02 (Kenneth, August 15, “Corporate Sector Workshop: Senior Corporate Leadership Perspective” http://www.bis.doc.gov/news/2002/kijspeecharlington8_15.htm)
Nuclear War

Khalilzad, Policy Analyst at the Rand Corporation, 95 (Zalmay, “Losing the Moment?: The United States and the World after the Cold War,” The Washington Quarterly, Spring)

Lane, Chairman of the Center for Contemporary Diplomacy, 1998 (William, “U.S. Urged to Back U.N. Investigation into Sudan Attack”, US Newswire)

Mideast Mirror, 1998 (Sep 25th, “You can't fight terrorism without consistency and dialogue, U.S. told”)

Ahmed, Director of the Institute for Policy Research & Development, Researcher at the Islamic Human Rights Commission, teaches undergraduate courses in International Relations at the University of Sussex, ’01 (Nafeez, October 22, “United States Terrorism in the Sudan: The Bombing of Al-Shifa and its Strategic Role in U.S.-Sudan Relations” http://www.mediamonitors.net/mosaddeq16.html)

Bandow, Senior Fellow at the Cato Institute, 8-10-2K1 (Doug, “Making it right in Sudan; U.S. owes damages for pharmaceutical bombing,” Washington Times)

Observation Four – Pre-Empts
First, Your corruption arguments don’t link

Rohrabacher, Republican Representative from the 46th District in California, 9-25-2K (Dana, “H.R. 5290 [106th]: To provide private relief for Salah Idris of Saudi Arabia and El Shifa Pharmaceuticals Industries Company relating to the bombing and destruction of the El Shifa Pharmaceutical plant in Khartoum, Sudan, and for other purposes,” http://www.govtrack.us/congress/billtext.xpd?bill=h106-5290)

Rohrabacher, Republican Representative from the 46th District in California, 9-25-2K (Dana, “H.R. 5290 [106th]: To provide private relief for Salah Idris of Saudi Arabia and El Shifa Pharmaceuticals Industries Company relating to the bombing and destruction of the El Shifa Pharmaceutical plant in Khartoum, Sudan, and for other purposes,” http://www.govtrack.us/congress/billtext.xpd?bill=h106-5290)

Garrett, Senior Fellow in Global Health at the Council on Foreign Relations, 4-18-2K7 (Laurie, “Fiscal 2008 Appropriations: State, Foreign Operations,” Statement to Committee on Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs, CQ Congressional Testimony)

The Independent, ‘99 (May 4th, “U.S. Admits Sudan Bombing Mistake”)

And, You can’t win a unique disad – We are the biggest donor to Sudan already

Bureau of African Affairs, 8-15-’07 (State Department Documents and Publications, “Fact Sheet: United States Policy on Sudan” lexis)

Agence France-Presse 2-5-2K7 (“US boosts foreign aid as part of international security drive, P. Lexis)