International business transactions



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OUTLINE International Business Transactions
Article 4 of UCP 600

  • A credit by its nature is a separate transaction from the sale or other contract on which it may be based. Banks are in no way concerned with or bound by such contract, even if any reference whatsoever to it is included in the credit

  • Documents Not Performance Principle

    • Bank’s obligation is to pay when presented with documents specified in L/C

      • Bank doesn’t have duty to investigate truth of documents, just look at what documents show

      • If bank is presented with documents, bank is absolutely bound to make payment irrespective of whether it knew or had reason to believe, that the goods were not conforming

      • Non-documentary conditions in a L/C get ignored

      • If goods don’t actually conform, buyer can sue seller for damages


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