Figure 4.3 shows the deformation along a track (Azimuth) descending orbits collected by the ALOS-2 and Sentinel-1A satellites.
Figures 4.3 a and b reveal a pattern similar to the opposite direction of the movement on the right-hand side of the fault. That displays a greater extent of spatial deformation. The displacement pattern is consistent with a component of strike-slip motion, with an unwrap that has a value of 100 cm in the far field.
Figure (4. 3): The images show the observed co-seismic deformation along the azimuth direction, (a) ALOS-2 images, and (b) Sentinel-1 images. The yellow star represents the epicenter of the mainshock.
3D surface displacement
Figure 3.4 presents the 3D surface deformation observations because they were necessary to separate contributions from tectonic and non-tectonic processes. The east, north, and up components were obtained using the 3D displacement field method described in Chapter 3.
The east component displayed an asymmetric deformation pattern. The motion was more pronounced in the western section of the surface rupture than in the eastern (Figures 4.4 a, d). The maximum relative surface displacement on the fault's sides was -50 cm.
The maximum surface displacement in the up component (Figures 4.4 b, e) was 100 cm. This component exhibited deformation patterns similar to the LOS displacement measured by DInSAR (Figures 4.1b and 4.2).
The north component displayed patterns that were nearly parallel to the surface rupture. The large peak deformation signal occurred at approximately 0.5 km on either side of the fault, indicating that the earthquake was primarily a strike-slip motion rupture (Figures 4.4 c, f). The greatest relative surface displacement measured 100 cm.
Figure (4. 4.): The images show the 3D surface displacement maps, (a–c) show reobserved co-seismic deformation retrieved from integrating LOS and MAI measurements of ALOS-2 SAR images, and (d–f) show the Sentinel-1 SAR images; (a, d) east-west component, (b, e) up-down component, and (c, f) the north-south component.
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