Invisible Disabilities and the ada1

9^ 42 U.S.C. §12101

10^ 42 U.S.C. §12112(d)(2)(A).

11^ 42 U.S.C. §12112(d)(3) and (4).

12^ 42 U.S.C. §12112(d)(2)(B).

13^ 42 U.S.C. §12112(d)(3).

14^ 42 U.S.C. §12112(b)(6).

15^ 42 U.S.C. §12111(8).

16^ 42 U.S.C. §12112(d)(4)(A).

17^ 42 U.S.C. §12112(d)(4)(B).

18^ 42 U.S.C. §12112(d)(3)(B).

19^ See e.g., Grenier v. Cyanamid Plastics, 70 F.3d 667 (1^st Cir. 1995); and Thompson v. Borg-Warner Protective Services Corp., 1996 WL 162990 (N.D. Cal. Mar. 11, 1996)).

20^ EEOC Guidance found at: http://www.eeoc.gov/policy/docs/qanda-inquiries.html.

21^ Courts have differed on whether a plaintiff must have an ADA disability in order to bring suit for discriminatory inquiries and medical exams. The majority of courts have held that you do not have to have an ADA disability to bring such cases. See, e.g., Harrison v. Benchmark Electronics Huntsville, Inc., 2010 WL 60091 (11th Cir. Jan. 11, 2010) (involving an individual with epilepsy in a suit brought before the ADA Amendments Act).

22^ EEOC Guidance on Medical Inquiries Under the ADA found at: http://www.eeoc.gov/policy/docs/qanda-inquiries.html.

23^ EEOC Enforcement Guidance on Disability-Related Inquiries and Medical Examinations of Employees Under the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) found at: http://www.eeoc.gov/policy/docs/guidance-inquiries.html.

24^ See Roe v. Cheyenne Mountain Conference Resort, 124 F.3d 1221 (10^th Cir. 1997).

25^ For a detailed discussion of direct threat issues, please see the DBTAC: Great Lakes ADA Center legal brief and webinar on Direct Threat found at www.adagreatlakes.org.

26^ Ward v. Merck & Co., 226 Fed. Appx. at 132-133, 137; 2007 WL 750391 at 1, 3.

27^ Ward v. Merck & Co., 226 Fed. Appx. at 133-134, 2007 WL 750391 at 1.

28^ Ward v. Merck & Co., 226 Fed. Appx. at 138-140, 2007 WL 750391 at 6.

29^ Id at 663.

30^ Id at 658-659.

31^ Id at 659.

32^ Id.

33^ Id.

34^ Id at 662.

35^ Id at 659-660.

36^ Id at 662.

37^ Id at 663.

38^ Id.

39^ EEOC Enforcement Guidance on Disability-Related Inquiries and Medical Examinations of Employees Under the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), http://www.eeoc.gov/policy/docs/guidance-inquiries.html.

40^ See also, Doe v. U.S.P.S., 317 F.3d 339 (D.C.Cir. 2003), where the supervisor’s disclosure of HIV status in conjunction with request for leave under the FMLA may have violated the Rehabilitation Act, using the same standards as the ADA.

41^ See EEOC Enforcement Guidance on the Americans with Disabilities Act and Psychiatric Disabilities, Question 16.

42^ EEOC Enforcement Guidance on Reasonable Accommodation and Undue Hardship Under the Americans with Disabilities Act found at: http://www.eeoc.gov/policy/docs/accommodation.html.

43^ Id.

44^ EEOC Enforcement Guidance on Reasonable Accommodation and Undue Hardship Under the Americans with Disabilities Act found at: http://www.eeoc.gov/policy/docs/accommodation.html.

45^ EEOC Enforcement Guidance on Reasonable Accommodation and Undue Hardship Under the Americans with Disabilities Act found at: http://www.eeoc.gov/policy/docs/accommodation.html.

46^ See also, Stewart v. St. Elizabeth's Hospital, 589 F.3d 1305 (D.C. Cir. 2010)(hospital not required to accommodate employee with mental illness when there was no actual or constructive knowledge of the employee’s disability) and Fournier v. Payco Foods Corp., 611 F.Supp.2d 120 (D.Puerto Rico, 2009)(Employee “failed to provide any evidence that the decision-makers at Payco knew of his depression and anxiety.”)

47^ The employee also raised a “regarded as” ADA claim, but that issue is outside the scope of this legal brief.

48^ For more detailed information on ADA disability harassment issues, please see the DBTAC: Great Lakes ADA Center legal brief and webinar on direct threat found at www.adagreatlakes.org.

DBTAC – Great Lakes ADA Center

1640 West Roosevelt Road, Chicago, IL 60608 (877) 232-1990 (Voice/TTY)
The ADA Legal Webinar Series is Coordinated by the DBTAC-Great Lakes ADA Center. This webinar is supported through grant #H133A060097 from the U.S. Department of Education through the auspices of the National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research (NIDRR). We reserve the right to cancel sessions at any time without notice.

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