Leafcutter and Mason Bees: a Biological Catalogue of the Genus Megachile of the Neotropics Anthony Raw
Download 0.92 Mb.
|
- Navigate this page:
- Subgenus Ptilosaroides Mitchell
Subgenus Pseudomegachile FrieseChalicodoma subgenus Pseudomegachile Friese 1899: 36. Type species: Megachile ericetorum Lepeletier. Designation of Alfken 1933. Megachile subgenus Archimegachile Alfken 1933: 56. Type species: Megachile flavipes Spinola. Original designation. Designation of Pasteels 1965: 377-378. Synonymy of ? Chalicodoma subgenus Pseudomegachile Michener 1962: 20. Hurd 1979: 2076. Mitchell 1980: 30. Most of the 43 species of the subgenus are African while some reach neighbouring regions of Europe and the Near East. One Indian species, M. lanata occurs in coastal regions of East Africa and Madagascar and in the West Indies. The subgenus has not been recorded from the East Indies or Australia. Megachile (Pseudomegachile) lanata (Fabricius) Apis lanata Fabricius 1775: 385. Female. Type locality: Americae meridionalis Insulis [West Indies]. Type repository: Kiel. Apis lunata Gmelin 1790: 2772. Misspelling. Apis purpurea Christ 1791: 168. Siberien. Synonymy of Dalla Torre 1986: 435. Anthophora lanata Fabricius 1804: 372. Trachusa lanata Jurine 1809: 251. Megachile lanata Latreille 1809: 166. Megachile proxima Smith 1870: 177. India. Synonymy of Friese 1911: 305. Megachile lanata var minhlensis Gribodo 1884: 352. Type locality: ? Synonymy of Friese 1911: 305. Megachile martindalei Fox 1891: 344-345. Male. Type locality: Kingston, Jamaica (W. J. Fox and C. W. Johnson). Type repository: USNM (Fox Collection), not the female in ANSP (no. 10404) as cited by Cresson 1928: 69 (see Moure 1960). Synonymy of Moure 1960: 108-109. Megachile (Archimegachile) lanata Mitchell 1943b: 671. Chalicodoma (Pseudomegachile) lanata Pasteels 1965: 402, 404. Chalicodoma (Archimegachile) lanata Raw 1984b: 503. Megachile (Pseudomegachile) lanata Raw 2002 #7: 31. ADDITIONAL REFERENCES. (Most citations are as Megachile lanata). Alayo 1976: 24 (D). Ashmead 1900: 213 (D). Bingham 1897: 483-484 (D). Bodkin 1918: 303 (D). Cockerell 1937b: 192 (D); 1938: 280 (D). Friese 1908b: 38 (D as M. martindalei). Gowdey 1926: 99-100 (D). Hurd 1979: 2076 (D, N). Jayasingh & Freeman 1980: 215-216 (L, N, P). Kapil et al 1970: 449-458 (D, F, L, N). Mitchell 1962: 181-182 (D, R-FM). Raw 1984b: 503 (F, L, M, N, P); 1985: 13 (D, F, L, M). Wolcott 1948: 869 (D, F). DISTRIBUTION. Old World: BURMA. INDIA. MADAGASCAR. REUNION. SRI LANKA. New World: CUBA. JAMAICA: all parishes. GUYANA. PUERTO RICO: Barceloneta, Dorado, Mayagues, Trujillo Alto, Rio Piedras, Yabacoa, along north coast to Isabela. ST. LUCIA. ST. VINCENT. TRINIDAD. TOBAGO. U.S.A.: FL. FLOWERS. New World: Borreria verticillata, Cajanus cajan, Crotalaria juncea, C. spectabilis. Old World: Acacia arabica, Cajanus cajan, C. indica, Crotalaria juncea, C. spectabilis, Ipomaea [sweet potato], Luffa aegyptica, Medicago sativa, Trifolium alexandricum. LIFE HISTORY. In the Punjab, northern India adults are active from early August to November with more than one generation per year and overwinter as prepupae. In the West Indies adults fly throughout the year. Males hold territories around flowering Cajanus cajan and Crotalaria plants. NESTING. In the Punjab summer cells are located in the soil in banks of irrigation canals and built of leaf pieces of Cajanus cajan, Crotalaria juncea, Cyamopsis tetragonoloba, Phaseolus aureus and Rhynchosia aurea. Overwintering cells are built of mud in cracks in walls, folds of curtains, etc. In Jamaica all nests are built of mud in cracks and on horizontal, protected surfaces of buildings, and in old nests of Sceliphron assimile. Sometimes resin is placed around the nest entrance. PREDATORS. In Jamaica developmental survival was 50% with Melittobia sp. nr. hawaiiensis responsible for 33% of the nest deaths. In cells built in old nests of Sceliphron assimile it was only 30% and the Melittobia species killed 71%. Some larvae were killed by Anthrax irroratus.
This small subgenus is confined to South America. Its members are superficially similar to Ptilosarus but lack the special scopal adaptations of that subgenus.
Megachile neoxanthoptera Cockerell 1933c: 153. New name. Megachile xanthoptera Schrottky 1913a: 198. Female. Type locality: Hohenau, Paraguay. Type repository: MZSP. (Not M. xanthoptera Schletterer 1891: 8-10. Central Africa. [= M. rufipes (F) synonymy of ?]. See Cockerell 1933c: 152-153.) Cressoniella (Ptilosaroides) neoxanthoptera Mitchell 1980: 63. ADDITIONAL REFERENCES. Schrottky 1913b: 248 (D). Silveira et al 2002: 214 (D). Mejdalani et al 2002: 215-224 (M). DISTRIBUTION. BRAZIL: AM- Tefé; MG; MT- Cáceres; RJ- São Bento; RO- Fte. P. de Beira; SC- Nova Teutônia; SP. PARAGUAY.
Megachile pilosa Smith 1879: 77. Female. Type locality: Fonteboa, on the Amazons [Brazil]. Type repository: NHML 17a2457. Examined. The type is lacking the right hind leg and the tarsi of the right fore leg. Megachile (Ptilosarus) pilosa Mitchell 1943b: 668. Megachile (Ptilosaroides) pilosa Raw 2002 #7: 32. ADDITIONAL REFERENCES. Michener 1954: 102 (D, L). Mitchell 1930: 266 (D). Silveira et al 2002: 214 (D). DISTRIBUTION. BOLIVIA: Santa Cruz- Buena Vista. BRAZIL: AM; MS; MT- Chapada dos Guimarães. PANAMA: Panamá- Tocumen; Colon, Valle de Anton. LIFE HISTORY. In Panamá adults fly November to April. Download 0.92 Mb. Share with your friends:
|