8.5.1.5 Kugusana, mgusano
Tumia eneo la maana hili kwa maneno yanayoonyesha kwamba vitu viwili vinagusana.
(1) Maneno gani hutaja hali ya vitu viwili kugusana?
• contact, be in contact, touch, rest against, up against, together, end to end
(2) Maneno gani hutaja hali ya vitu viwili kusogeana ili vigusane?
• come into contact, make contact, touch, bump into, come together, brush, skim, graze, meet, connect, butt up against, come to rest against
(3) Maneno gani huelezea kitu kinachogusa kingine?
• abutting, adjoining, contiguous
8.5.1.6 Ng'ambo
Tumia eneo la maana hili kwa maneno yanayohusiana na sehemu iliyopo upande mwingine kutoka sehemu nyingine fulani -- yaani, ipo ng'ambo ya nyingine.
(1) Maneno gani huonyesha kwamba kitu fulani kiko ng'ambo ya kingine?
• kuvuka, ng'ambo
8.5.1.7 Mahali pasipo dhahiri
Tumia eneo la maana hili kwa maneno yanayoonyesha kwamba kitu kiko mahali pasipo dhahiri.
(1) Maneno gani hutaja mahali pasipo dhahiri?
• somewhere, anywhere, someplace, anyplace, where, here, there, over there, any old place, wherever, who knows where, could be anywhere, undisclosed location, location unknown, here and there, whereabouts, hereabouts, thereabouts
8.5.1 Hapa, pale
Tumia eneo la maana hili kwa maneno yanayohusiana na mahali pakitazamika na mtu anayezungumza au kusikiliza.
(1) Maneno gani hutaja mahali palipo karibu na mzungumzaji?
• here, hereabouts, hither, in this place, on this very spot, around here
(2) Maneno gani hutaja mahali palipo karibu na msikilizaji?
• there, thereabouts, thither,
(3) Maneno gani hutaja mahali pasipo karibu na mzungumzaji wala msikilizaji?
• over there, elsewhere, yon, yonder
8.5 Mahali
Tumia eneo la maana hili kwa maneno yanayohusiana na mahali ambako kitu fulani kiko huko na kwa maneno yanayoonyesha mahali pa kitu fulani.
(1) Maneno gani hutaja mahali pa kitu fulani?
• location, position, place, venue, at, spot
(2) Maneno gani huonyesha kwamba kitu kimekuwepo mahali fulani?
• be at, at, be, be located, location
Page 8.5.2.1 Mwelekeo wa mbele
Tumia eneo la maana hili kwa maneno yanayotaja mwelekeo wa mbele.
(1) Maneno gani huonyesha mwelekeo wa mbele?
• forward, ahead,
8.5.2.2 Mwelekeo wa nyuma
Tumia eneo la maana hili kwa maneno yanayohusiana na mwelekeo wa nyuma.
(1) Maneno gani huonyesha mwelekeo wa nyuma?
• back, backward, behind, reverse,
8.5.2.3 Kulia, kushoto
Tumia eneo la maana hili kwa maneno yanayohusiana na kulia na kushoto.
(1) Maneno gani hutaja upande wa kulia?
• right
(2) Maneno gani hutaja upande wa kushoto?
• left
(3) Maneno gani humwelezea mtu ambaye hutumia mkono wake wa kulia?
• right-handed
(4) Maneno gani humwelezea mtu ambaye hutumia mkono wake wa kushoto?
• left-handed
8.5.2.4 Mwelekeo wa juu
Tumia eneo la maana hili kwa maneno yanayohusiana na mwelekeo wa juu.
(1) Maneno gani hutaja mwelekeo wa juu?
• up, upwards, upward, uphill, upstairs, higher and higher, up and down,
(2) Maneno gani huelezea kitu kinachonyoosha au kutazamana na mwelekeo wa juu?
• face-up,
(3) Maneno gani huonyesha kwamba njia au barabara inapanda?
• go up, climb, rise,
8.5.2.5 Mwelekeo wa kwenda chini
Tumia eneo la maana hili kwa maneno yanayohusiana na mwelekeo wa kwenda chini
(1) Maneno gani hutaja mwelekeo wa chini?
• down, downwards, downhill
8.5.2.6 Kutoka
Tumia eneo la maana hili kwa maneno yanayoonyesha mwelekeo wa kutoka mbali.
(1) Maneno gani huonyesha kwamba kitu kinasogea kutoka kwa kingine?
• toward, towards, away from, inward, inwards, outward, outwards
(2) Maneno gani huonyesha kwamba kitu kinasogea kutoka sehemu moja (kwenda kwa nyingine)?
• from,
8.5.2.7 Kuelekea
Tumia eneo la maana hili kwa maneno yanayoonyesha mwelekeo wa kuelekea kitu fulani.
(1) Maneno gani huonyesha kwamba kitu kinasogea kuelekea kingine?
• toward, towards, away from, inward, inwards, outward, outwards
(2) Maneno gani huonyesha kwamba kitu kinasogea (kutoka sehemu fulani) kuelekea nyingine?
• to,
8.5.2.8 Kaskazini, kusini, mashariki, magharibi
Tumia eneo la maana hili kwa maneno yanayohusiana na sehemu za dira.
(1) Maneno gani ya kawaida hutaja sehemu ya dira, kwa jumla?
• direction, heading, point of the compass, degree, bearing, cardinal points
(2) Maneno gani hutaja sehemu za dira?
• north, south, east, west, northeast, northwest, southeast, southwest, northward, southward, eastward, westward, northerly, southerly, westerly, easterly, up north, down south, sunrise, sunset
(3) Maneno gani huelezea kitu kinachoelekea sehemu fulani ya dira?
• northern, southern, eastern, western, boreal, austral, oriental, occidental, Midwestern, Fareast
(4) Maneno gani huelezea hali ya kitu kuelekea sehemu fulani ya dira?
• northbound, southbound, eastbound, westbound
(5) Maneno gani huelezeak mtu anayetoka eneo fulani la nchi lililopo kaskazini, kusini, mashariki, au magharibi?
• northerner, southerner, easterner, westerner
(6) Maneno gani hutaja dira?
• compass, needle
8.5.2 Mwelekeo
Tumia eneo la maana hili kwa maneno yanayohusiana na mwelekeo.
(1) Maneno gani hutaja mweleko?
• direction, orientation, course, way, bearing
(2) Maneno gani hutaja hali ya kutazamana na mweleko fulani?
• face (v), point, orient
(3) Maneno gani hutaja uwezo wa mtu kutambua vizuri majira au uelekezo?
• sense of direction
(4) Maneno gani huonyesha kwamba vitu viwili vinaenda mwelekeo mmoja?
• with
(5) Maneno gani huonyesha kwamba vitu viwili vinaenda mielekeo miwili tofauti?
• against
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