II.B.2.N.c. Seasonally flooded cold-deciduous woodland

II.B.2.N.c. Seasonally flooded cold-deciduous woodland

II.B.2.N.c.4 Pond-cypress Seasonally Flooded Woodland Alliance (A.651)

• 
  IIB2a. Pond Cypress Savanna (Allard 1990)
  
• 
  Cypress Savanna (Schafale and Weakley 1990)
  
• 
  Pond Cypress Savannah (Nelson 1986)
  
• 
  Pondcypress: 100, in part (Eyre 1980)
  
• 
  Cypress Prairie (Gunderson and Loftus 1993)
  
• 
  Hatrack Cypress (Gunderson and Loftus 1993)
  
• 
  Dwarf Cypress (Gunderson and Loftus 1993)
  
• 
  Cypress Forests (Gunderson and Loftus 1993)
  
• 
  Open-canopy ("Hatrack") Cypress Forest (Hilsenbeck et al. 1979)
  

III. Shrubland

III.A.2.N.c. Sclerophyllous temperate broad-leaved evergreen shrubland

III. Shrubland

III.A.2.N.c.26 Sand Live Oak - Myrtle Oak - Chapman Oak Shrubland Alliance (A.779)

QUERCUS GEMINATA - QUERCUS MYRTIFOLIA - QUERCUS CHAPMANII SHRUBLAND ALLIANCE

Alliance Concept

Summary: This alliance encompasses much of the oak-dominated scrub communities of coarse, dry sands of Florida and is only rarely found in adjacent states. On the Gulf Coast, this alliance is especially represented where coastal terraces reach the Gulf of Mexico, with no barrier island. It includes both coastal and interior oak scrub vegetation, with scrub oaks over and among other smaller shrubs. Associations affiliated with this alliance are found in three different areas: inland on the Florida peninsula; along the Atlantic Coast of Florida; and along the Gulf Coast of Panhandle Florida and a small portion of Georgia and possibly Alabama. This includes examples which are generally referred to as 'coastal scrub' as well as those called 'Florida scrub.' Communities in this alliance generally have several scrub oak species, primarily Quercus geminata, Quercus myrtifolia, Quercus chapmanii, and Quercus inopina (in Lake Wales Ridge examples). Other sclerophyllous or microphyllous shrubs are often also present, such as Ceratiola ericoides, Serenoa repens, Sabal etonia, Lyonia ferruginea, and others. This phase of Florida scrub vegetation either lacks pines, or has them at very low densities. Scattered individuals of Pinus clausa or Pinus elliottii could be present. Some characteristic species in Gulf Coast examples include Conradina canescens, Chrysoma pauciflosculosa, Lupinus westianus, Chrysopsis gossypina ssp. cruiseana, and Chrysopsis godfreyi. The ground cover frequently includes fruticose lichens such as Cladonia leporina and Cladina evansii. These may form 100% cover in some places. This alliance occurs on various kinds of deep sands; recent coastal or near-coastal dunes, or inland sand ridges and ancient dune systems. The Florida Central Ridge is composed of a variety of eolian, alluvial, and marine deposits of Miocene to early Pleistocene age. These soils are excessively well-drained Quartzipsamments which lack silt, clay, or organic matter and are very low in nutrients. While often associated with deep white sands ('sugar sands'), not all examples of scrub occur on these particular sands. It is inferred that whiter sands are associated with more ancient scrub vegetation. Early successional scrub vegetation occurs on younger, more exposed dune ridges; more protected examples may eventually develop a characteristic open pine overstory. The exposed occurrences tend to have much larger areas of open sand than do their more protected counterparts.

Synonymy:

• 
  IB7b. Chapman Oak - Myrtle Oak Woodland (Allard 1990)
  
• 
  IB8h. Gulf Coastal Scrub, in part (Allard 1990)
  
• 
  Scrub, in part (FNAI 1992a)
  
• 
  Oak Scrub (Wolfe 1990)
  
• 
  Southern Scrub Oak: 72, in part (Eyre 1980)
  

Comments: Remaining examples of this alliance are highly threatened by development and alteration of natural fire regimes.

Alliance Distribution

Range: Associations affiliated with this alliance are found in three different areas: inland on the Florida peninsula; along the Atlantic Coast of Florida; and along the Gulf Coast of Panhandle Florida and a small portion of Georgia and Alabama. This includes examples which are generally referred to as "coastal scrub" as well as those called "Florida scrub."

States: AL FL GA

USFS Ecoregions: 232B:C, 232C:C, 232D:C, 232G:C

Federal Lands: DOD (Cape Canaveral, Eglin); USFS (Apalachicola, Ocala); USFWS (Bon Secour, Lake Wales Ridge Ecosystem, Merritt Island, Okefenokee, St. Vincent)

Alliance Sources

References: Abrahamson et al. 1984, Allard 1990, Austin 1976, Christman 1988, Eyre 1980, FNAI 1992a, FNAI 1992b, Johnson and Abrahamson 1990, Johnson and Barbour 1990, Johnson and Muller 1992, Johnson et al. 1992a, Laessle 1958, Myers 1990, Schmalzer and Hinkle 1992b, TNC 1992, Wolfe 1990

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