National Forests in Florida Final Report
Palmetto - Live Oak Hydric Hammock
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- East Gulf Coastal Plain Cabbage Palm Hammock
Palmetto - Live Oak Hydric HammockElement Identifiers NVCS association: Sabal palmetto - Quercus virginiana Saturated Forest Database Code: CEGL007040 Formation: Saturated temperate seasonal evergreen forest Alliance: SABAL PALMETTO - QUERCUS VIRGINIANA SATURATED FOREST ALLIANCE (I.A.4.N.g.4) Element Concept Summary: These wet palmetto - live oak forests occur throughout central and southern Florida, and are sometimes known as low hammocks or hydric hammocks. At increasingly smaller scales, this or related vegetation range as far north as southern North Carolina. Sabal palmetto and Quercus virginiana generally share canopy dominance, and few other trees except Juniperus virginiana var. silicicola are commonly encountered. Sabal palmetto or the other two primary canopy species may strongly dominate local patches. Morella cerifera (= Myrica cerifera) is a typical shrub or small tree. Some related vegetation includes more diverse-canopied hydric hammocks, occurring in more inland situations (or at least away from immediate coastal influence) and with enough admixture of deciduous and tardily deciduous trees to be placed in a mixed forest subclass. This vegetation generally occurs on sands, shell hash, or limestone, with either a substantial calcareous component or influence (past or present) of brackish water. Occurrences in North Carolina and South Carolina are of small size and are marginally attributable to this alliance, where they occur only as small inclusions in, or adjacent to, upland maritime forests. Environment: This vegetation generally occurs on sands, shell hash, or limestone, with either a substantial calcareous component or influence (past or present) of brackish water. Vegetation: Sabal palmetto and Quercus virginiana generally share canopy dominance, and few other trees except Juniperus virginiana var. silicicola are commonly encountered. Sabal palmetto or the other two primary canopy species (Quercus virginiana or Juniperus virginiana var. silicicola) may strongly dominate local patches. Morella cerifera is a typical shrub or small tree. Sapindus saponaria can be a shrub and subcanopy codominant on limestone in the Florida peninsula. On Ocala National Forest (Rocky Point) the canopy dominants are Quercus virginiana and Sabal palmetto with some Carya aquatica and Celtis laevigata. Sabal palmetto and Sapindus saponaria are important in the subcanopy and shrub strata; other shrubs present are Sabal minor, Morus rubra, Callicarpa americana, Sageretia minutiflora, Sideroxylon reclinatum, Juniperus virginiana var. silicicola, and Persea palustris. Herbs are dominated by Oplismenus hirtellus ssp. setarius. Vines are common, including Campsis radicans, Parthenocissus quinquefolia, Smilax bona-nox, Toxicodendron radicans, Smilax auriculata, Cocculus carolinus, Matelea gonocarpos, and Gelsemium sempervirens. Epiphytes are dominated by Tillandsia usneoides, with Tillandsia recurvata and Pleopeltis polypodioides ssp. michauxiana (= Polypodium polypodioides var. michauxianum). Dynamics: These forests are subject to flooding associated with hurricanes. Similar Associations: Quercus laurifolia - Sabal palmetto / Myrsine floridana - Psychotria nervosa Forest (CEGL007060)--occurs in ecologically related settings, but contains West Indian/tropical floristic elements. Synonymy: No information Comments: This association needs to be compared to vegetation described in the closely related I.C.2.N.d Sabal palmetto - Quercus laurifolia - Quercus virginiana - Magnolia virginiana - Ulmus americana Saturated Forest Alliance (A.380). Some related vegetation includes more diverse-canopied hydric hammocks, occurring in more inland situations (or at least away from immediate coastal influence) and with enough admixture of deciduous and tardily deciduous trees to be placed in a mixed forest subclass. Conservation Ranking & Rare Species GRank: G3? (97-08-14): Some examples are presumably protected at Cape Canaveral and Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge. High-ranked species: No information Element Distribution Range: These wet palmetto - live oak forests occur throughout central and southern Florida; at increasingly smaller scales, this or related vegetation range as far north as southern North Carolina. States: FL GA NC SC Crosswalk to State Classifications: FL: Hydric Hammock, in part (FL 1992) GA: Coastal Plain Lowland Broadleaf Evergreen Forest (GA 1990) NC: Maritime Evergreen Forest, in part (NC 1990) TNC Ecoregions: 55:C, 56:C, 57:C USFS Ecoregions: 232Ce:CCC, 232Ci:CCP, 232Ga:CCP, 232Gb:CCC Federal Lands: DOD (Cape Canaveral); USFS (Ocala); USFWS (Merritt Island) Element Sources References: Ambrose 1990a, FNAI 1992a, Schafale and Weakley 1990 Hydric Hammocks and Forested Marsh Islands East Gulf Coastal Plain Cabbage Palm HammockElement Identifiers NVCS association: Sabal palmetto / Ilex cassine - Morella cerifera Saturated Woodland Database Code: CEGL003527 Formation: Saturated temperate broad-leaved evergreen woodland Alliance: SABAL PALMETTO SATURATED WOODLAND ALLIANCE (II.A.2.N.c.3) Element Concept Summary: In the central Florida peninsula (Ocala National Forest), this vegetation type includes a type of open-canopy hydric hammock over organic soil dominated by a combination of Sabal palmetto, Quercus virginiana, Acer rubrum, Liquidambar styraciflua, and Quercus nigra. All the upper woody strata contain prominent Sabal palmetto. The canopy contains Sabal palmetto, Pinus elliottii, Pinus taeda, and Quercus nigra. The subcanopy contains Sabal palmetto, Acer rubrum var. trilobum, Juniperus virginiana, Liquidambar styraciflua, and Quercus nigra. Shrubs include Ilex cassine, Morella cerifera (= Myrica cerifera), Ilex glabra, Persea palustris, Cornus foemina, Diospyros virginiana, and Vaccinium corymbosum. Woody vines include Berchemia scandens, Smilax auriculata, Smilax bona-nox, Toxicodendron radicans, Vitis rotundifolia, and Smilax glauca. Herbs include Galactia elliottii, Cladium mariscus ssp. jamaicense (= Cladium jamaicense), Osmunda cinnamomea, Woodwardia virginica, Blechnum serrulatum, and the epiphyte Phlebodium aureum. This vegetation type also includes wet flatwoods with sand substrates and canopies of cabbage palmetto. There is usually a well-developed shrubby stratum, consisting of species such as Morella cerifera and Ilex glabra. The hydrology is seasonally saturated, with rare surface water. Environment: In Florida, this type includes an open-canopy hydric hammock over organic soil (NatureServe Southeast unpubl. data), as well as wet flatwoods with sand substrates and canopies of cabbage palmetto (Abrahamson and Hartnett 1990). The hydrology is seasonally saturated, with rare surface water. Vegetation: This vegetation type is dominated by a combination of Sabal palmetto, Quercus virginiana, Acer rubrum, Liquidambar styraciflua, and Quercus nigra. Sabal palmetto is prominent in the upper woody strata. The canopy contains Sabal palmetto, Pinus elliottii, Pinus taeda, and Quercus nigra. The subcanopy contains Sabal palmetto, Acer rubrum var. trilobum, Juniperus virginiana, Liquidambar styraciflua, and Quercus nigra. Shrubs include Ilex cassine, Morella cerifera (= Myrica cerifera), Ilex glabra, Persea palustris, Cornus foemina, Diospyros virginiana, and Vaccinium corymbosum. Woody vines include Berchemia scandens, Smilax auriculata, Smilax bona-nox, Toxicodendron radicans, Vitis rotundifolia, and Smilax glauca. Herbs include Galactia elliottii, Cladium mariscus ssp. jamaicense (= Cladium jamaicense), Osmunda cinnamomea, Woodwardia virginica, Blechnum serrulatum, and the epiphyte Phlebodium aureum. Dynamics: See Summary Similar Associations: No information Synonymy: No information Comments: None Conservation Ranking & Rare Species GRank: G3? (02-05-15): More information is needed on the relationship of this association to other kinds of hydric hammocks in Florida before its rarity and conservation status can be confidently assessed. High-ranked species: No information Element Distribution Range: States: FL GA? Crosswalk to State Classifications: Not yet cross-referenced to state classifications TNC Ecoregions: 53:C, 54:P, 55:C USFS Ecoregions: 232Bf:CCC, 232Cb:CC?, 232Ce:CCC, 232Da:CPP, 232Ga:CP?, 232Gb:CPP, 411A:PP Federal Lands: USFS (Ocala); USFWS (St. Marks) Element Sources References: Abrahamson and Hartnett 1990, NatureServe Ecology - Southeast U.S. unpubl. data Wet Slash Pine Savannas and Flatwoods Directory: library library -> Strategic Plan South Sudan Country Office Context library -> The World Order of Bahá’u’lláh Selected Letters library -> Ieee/iee electronic Library (iel) library -> [0] B. Hardware [2] library -> [1] B. Hardware [1] library -> Florida public service commission library -> 1 1 before the florida public service commission 2 docket no. 070650-ei 3 In the Matter of: 4 petition to determine need for turkey point nuclear units 6 and 7 electrical 5 power plant, by florida power & light company library -> Archived Online Exhibit Download 3.16 Mb. 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