National Forests in Florida Final Report
I.B.2.N.g. Saturated cold-deciduous forest
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- I.B.2.N.g.9 Bald-cypress - Swamp Blackgum - (Water Tupelo) Saturated Forest Alliance (A.355)
- I.C.2.N.a. Mixed broad-leaved evergreen - cold-deciduous forest
- I.C.2.N.a.5 Sand Laurel Oak - Pignut Hickory Forest Alliance (A.372)
I.B.2.N.g. Saturated cold-deciduous forestI.B. Deciduous forest I.B.2.N.g.5 Swamp Blackgum - Red Maple - (Tuliptree) Saturated Forest Alliance (A.351)NYSSA BIFLORA - ACER RUBRUM - (LIRIODENDRON TULIPIFERA) SATURATED FOREST ALLIANCE Alliance Concept Summary: Forests codominated by Nyssa biflora and Acer rubrum occurring on extensive peat flats in the Coastal Plain, in seepage-fed edges of floodplains or on slopes wet by nearly constant seepage. The hydrology is constantly saturated, and soils are acid and organic. Liriodendron tulipifera is a common woody species in these forests, as are Liquidambar styraciflua, Magnolia virginiana, Oxydendrum arboreum, Acer rubrum, Persea palustris, Fraxinus pennsylvanica, Quercus laurifolia, Ulmus rubra, Quercus michauxii, Pinus taeda, and Carpinus caroliniana. Some of these forests, particularly those on peat flats, may result from logging of former Chamaecyparis thyoides-dominated swamps. Leucothoe axillaris, Ilex coriacea, Morella caroliniensis (= Myrica heterophylla), Toxicodendron vernix, and Lyonia lucida are common dominants in the shrub layer, with Itea virginica, Clethra alnifolia, Persea palustris, Ilex glabra, Rhododendron flammeum, and Arundinaria gigantea also often present. Sphagnum spp. are common in the ground layer, as well as Carex atlantica ssp. capillacea, Carex bromoides ssp. bromoides, Saururus cernuus, Boehmeria cylindrica, Osmunda cinnamomea, Osmunda regalis var. spectabilis, Hydrocotyle verticillata var. verticillata, Woodwardia areolata, Macbridea caroliniana, Sagittaria fasciculata, Ludwigia palustris, and Mitchella repens. These forests occur in the Piedmont on small to medium streams on seepage-fed edges where there is more Acer rubrum than Nyssa biflora, in the Ridge and Valley of Georgia and in the East Gulf Coastal Plain on slopes in a longleaf pine-dominated upland. Examples of forests in this alliance are known from the Atlantic Coastal Plain from Virginia to Georgia, the Upper East Gulf Coastal Plain of Alabama, the East Gulf Coastal Plain of Mississippi, and likely other adjacent states as well. Synonymy: Nonriverine Swamp Forest (Schafale and Weakley 1990) Comments: Occurs on the Bunched Arrowhead Preserve (TNC) in South Carolina. Alliance Distribution Range: Examples of forests in this alliance are known from the Atlantic Coastal Plain from Virginia to Georgia and the East Gulf Coastal Plain of Mississippi, but likely other surrounding states as well. This alliance is found in Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Virginia, and possibly in Alabama (?) and Louisiana (?). States: AL FL GA LA? MS NC SC VA USFS Ecoregions: 231A:C, 231B:C, 231D:C, 232B:C, 232C:C, 232D:C, 234A:? Federal Lands: DOD (Fort Benning, Fort Bragg, Fort Gordon, Fort Jackson, Fort Stewart); DOE (Savannah River Site); NPS (Congaree Swamp); USFS (Apalachicola, Bienville, Conecuh?, De Soto?, Talladega); USFWS (Carolina Sandhills, Great Dismal Swamp) Alliance Sources References: Fleming 1998, Jones et al. 1981a, Schafale and Weakley 1990 I.B. Deciduous forest I.B.2.N.g.9 Bald-cypress - Swamp Blackgum - (Water Tupelo) Saturated Forest Alliance (A.355)TAXODIUM DISTICHUM - NYSSA BIFLORA - (NYSSA AQUATICA) SATURATED FOREST ALLIANCE Alliance Concept Summary: Forests in this alliance occur as nonriverine swamps on extensive flats in the Coastal Plain, and also along small streams in very flat pine flatwood landscapes. Canopy dominants are some combination of Taxodium distichum, Nyssa biflora, and Nyssa aquatica. Other woody species that may occur are Taxodium ascendens, Pinus taeda, Chamaecyparis thyoides, Pinus serotina, Fraxinus profunda, Populus heterophylla, Liriodendron tulipifera, and Acer rubrum. Typical species in the moderate to dense understory include Magnolia virginiana, Persea palustris, Acer rubrum, Ilex opaca var. opaca, Cyrilla racemiflora, Lyonia lucida, Clethra alnifolia, and Smilax laurifolia. Herbaceous species include Woodwardia areolata, Woodwardia virginica, Carex spp., and Sphagnum spp. Vines are conspicuous components. Synonymy: Nonriverine Swamp Forest (Schafale and Weakley 1990) Baldcypress - Tupelo: 102, in part (Eyre 1980) Water Tupelo - Swamp Tupelo: 103, in part (Eyre 1980) Sweetbay - Swamp Tupelo - Redbay: 104, in part (Eyre 1980) Comments: Some of these may arise from logging of swamps dominated by Chamaecyparis thyoides. Alliance Distribution Range: This alliance is found in Florida, North Carolina, Virginia, and probably Georgia. States: FL GA? NC VA USFS Ecoregions: 232B:C, 232C:C Federal Lands: USFS (Ocala, Osceola); USFWS (Great Dismal Swamp, Okefenokee Swamp?) Alliance Sources References: Eyre 1980, Fleming 1998, Kologiski 1977, Levy and Walker 1979, Schafale and Weakley 1990 I.C.2.N.a. Mixed broad-leaved evergreen - cold-deciduous forestI.C. Mixed evergreen-deciduous forest I.C.2.N.a.2 American Beech - Southern Magnolia Forest Alliance (A.369)FAGUS GRANDIFOLIA - MAGNOLIA GRANDIFLORA FOREST ALLIANCE Alliance Concept Summary: This alliance includes a variety of mesic to dry-mesic, mixed broad-leaved evergreen-deciduous hardwood forests, occurring in fire-sheltered situations, on sandy, clayey, or calcareous substrates in the southeastern Coastal Plain. Magnolia grandiflora and Fagus grandifolia are characteristic species, and may be codominant in less species-rich associations. In more species-rich associations, canopy composition is very diverse and mixed, with no species dominating. Typical canopy species in this alliance include Magnolia grandiflora, Fagus grandifolia, Acer barbatum, Carya alba, Carya glabra, Carya pallida, Celtis laevigata, Fraxinus americana, Ilex opaca, Juglans nigra, Liquidambar styraciflua, Magnolia macrophylla, Oxydendrum arboreum, Persea borbonia, Pinus glabra, Pinus taeda, Quercus alba, Quercus hemisphaerica, Quercus michauxii, Quercus pagoda, Quercus shumardii, Quercus virginiana, Sabal palmetto, Sapindus saponaria (= Sapindus marginatus), Tilia americana var. caroliniana, Ulmus alata, and Ulmus americana. Typical subcanopy species may include Carpinus caroliniana ssp. caroliniana, Cercis canadensis var. canadensis, Cornus florida, Halesia carolina, Halesia diptera (= var. diptera and = var. magniflora), Magnolia acuminata, Magnolia ashei, Magnolia macrophylla, Magnolia pyramidata, Ostrya virginiana, Acer rubrum var. rubrum, Quercus hemisphaerica, Nyssa sylvatica, Ilex opaca var. opaca, Oxydendrum arboreum, Persea borbonia, Prunus caroliniana, Taxus floridana (rare and restricted), and Torreya taxifolia (rare and restricted). Typical shrubs and woody vines include Chionanthus virginicus, Hamamelis virginiana, Ilex vomitoria, Illicium floridanum (East Gulf Coastal Plain only), Hydrangea quercifolia, Kalmia latifolia, Sebastiania fruticosa, Stewartia malacodendron, Styrax grandifolius, Symplocos tinctoria, Rhododendron austrinum, Halesia diptera, Clethra alnifolia, Vaccinium elliottii, Asimina parviflora, and Toxicodendron radicans. Typical herbaceous stratum species may include Sanicula canadensis var. canadensis (= Sanicula canadensis var. floridana), Mitchella repens, Elephantopus carolinianus, Hexastylis arifolia, Polystichum acrostichoides, Aristolochia serpentaria, Asplenium platyneuron, Polystichum acrostichoides, Oplismenus hirtellus ssp. setarius (= Oplismenus setarius), Smilax pumila, Chasmanthium sessiliflorum, Chasmanthium laxum, and Pteridium aquilinum var. pseudocaudatum. Tillandsia usneoides and Pleopeltis polypodioides ssp. michauxiana are frequent and typical epiphytes. Species composition is variable and dependent on geography, topographic position, and soil chemistry. Vegetation which represents the drier phase of this alliance may contain more Pinus glabra, Quercus alba, Quercus falcata, and possibly also Pinus taeda than more mesic examples. This vegetation may grade into that of the I.B.2.N.a Quercus alba - (Quercus nigra) Forest Alliance (A.238) or the I.C.3.N.a Pinus taeda - Quercus (alba, falcata, stellata) Forest Alliance (A.404). Synonymy: IA8e. Beech - Magnolia Forest (Allard 1990) Slope Forest (FNAI 1992a) Upland Hardwood Forest (FNAI 1992a) Southern Mesophytic Forest (Smith 1996a) Calcareous Coastal Fringe Forest (Schafale 1994) Beech - Magnolia Hammock (Nelson 1986) American Beech-Southern Magnolia Series (Diamond 1993) Upland Hardwood Forest, Beech/Magnolia Forest subtype (FNAI 1992b) Slope Forest, Beech/Magnolia subtype (FNAI 1992b) Nyssa sylvatica - Persea borbonia Community (Whipple et al. 1981) Southern Mixed Hardwood Forest (Quarterman and Keever 1962) American Beech - White Oak / Mitchella Loamy Moist-Mesic Steep Slopes and Ravines, in part (Turner et al. 1999) Comments: Alliance Distribution Range: This alliance is found in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Texas. States: AL AR FL GA LA MS NC SC TX USFS Ecoregions: 231B:C, 231E:C, 232B:C, 232C:C, 232D:C, 232E:C, 232F:C, 234A:C Federal Lands: COE (Claiborne Lake); DOD (Camp Beauregard, Eglin); DOE (Savannah River Site); NPS (Big Thicket); USFS (Angelina, Apalachicola, Conecuh?, Davy Crockett?, De Soto, Holly Springs?, Homochitto, Kisatchie, Sabine, Sam Houston, Tombigbee, Tuskegee); USFWS (St. Marks) Alliance Sources References: Allard 1990, Batson et al. 1957, Blaisdell et al. 1974, Daubenmire 1990, Delcourt and Delcourt 1974, Delcourt and Delcourt 1977, Diamond 1993, FNAI 1992a, FNAI 1992b, Glitzenstein et al. 1986, Harcombe and Marks 1977, Nelson 1986, Nixon et al. 1980, Platt and Schwartz 1990, Quarterman and Keever 1962, Schafale 1994, Smith 1996a, Turner et al. 1999, Wharton 1978, Whipple et al. 1981 I.C. Mixed evergreen-deciduous forest I.C.2.N.a.5 Sand Laurel Oak - Pignut Hickory Forest Alliance (A.372)QUERCUS HEMISPHAERICA - CARYA GLABRA FOREST ALLIANCE Alliance Concept Summary: This alliance includes Coastal Plain dry-mesic to subxeric sandy forests, with mixed broad-leaved evergreen-deciduous composition. Typical species include Quercus hemisphaerica, Carya glabra, Carya pallida, Quercus virginiana, Pinus taeda, Pinus glabra, Magnolia grandiflora, and Osmanthus americanus var. americanus. Fagus grandifolia may be present within its range (which includes Florida Panhandle but not extreme southeastern Georgia). Sabal palmetto may also be present. Dominance by Quercus hemisphaerica indicates that fire has been excluded from these forests for a period of many years; Quercus hemisphaerica is probably more widespread than in pre-settlement times. In Florida, this vegetation is partly described as well-developed xeric forest dominated by Quercus hemisphaerica, Quercus virginiana, and Magnolia grandiflora in the canopy, and Persea borbonia, Ilex opaca, and Carya glabra in the understory. Synonymy: Upland Hardwood Forest (FNAI 1992a) Xeric Hammock, in part (FNAI 1992a) Xeric Hammock, Advanced Xeric Forest subtype (FNAI 1992b) Southern Scrub Oak: 72, in part (Eyre 1980) Comments: In many references (e.g., Sharitz 1975), the evergreen Quercus hemisphaerica of dry, sandy habitats has been mistakenly referred to as Quercus laurifolia, a (tardily) deciduous tree of floodplain forests (Weakley 1997). Alliance Distribution Range: This alliance is found in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, and possibly South Carolina (?). States: AL FL GA MS SC? USFS Ecoregions: 232B:C, 232C:C, 232D:C Federal Lands: DOD (Eglin, Fort Benning?, Tyndall); USFS (Apalachicola, Conecuh?, Francis Marion?, Ocala, Osceola?) Alliance Sources References: Clewell 1981, Eyre 1980, FNAI 1992a, FNAI 1992b, Platt and Schwartz 1990, Sharitz 1975, Weakley 1997 Directory: library library -> Strategic Plan South Sudan Country Office Context library -> The World Order of Bahá’u’lláh Selected Letters library -> Ieee/iee electronic Library (iel) library -> [0] B. Hardware [2] library -> [1] B. Hardware [1] library -> Florida public service commission library -> 1 1 before the florida public service commission 2 docket no. 070650-ei 3 In the Matter of: 4 petition to determine need for turkey point nuclear units 6 and 7 electrical 5 power plant, by florida power & light company library -> Archived Online Exhibit Download 3.16 Mb. Share with your friends:
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