Operating System Microsoft Windows 2000 tcp/ip implementation Details



Download 0.63 Mb.
Page2/21
Date31.07.2017
Size0.63 Mb.
#25712
1   2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9   ...   21



Introduction


Microsoft has adopted TCP/IP as the strategic enterprise network transport for its platforms. In the early 1990s, Microsoft started an ambitious project to create a TCP/IP stack and services that would greatly improve the scalability of Microsoft networking. With the release of the Microsoft® Windows NT® 3.5 operating system, Microsoft introduced a completely rewritten TCP/IP stack. This new stack was designed to incorporate many of the advances in performance and ease of administration that were developed over the past decade. The stack is a high-performance, portable 32-bit implementation of the industry-standard TCP/IP protocol. It has evolved with each version of Windows NT to include new features and services that enhance performance and reliability.

The goals in designing the TCP/IP stack were to make it:



  • Standards-compliant

  • Interoperable

  • Portable

  • Scalable

  • High performance

  • Versatile

  • Self-tuning

  • Easy to administer

  • Adaptable

This paper describes Windows 2000 implementation details and is a supplement to the Microsoft Windows 2000 TCP/IP manuals. It examines the Microsoft TCP/IP implementation from the bottom up and is intended for network engineers and support professionals who are familiar with TCP/IP.

This paper uses network traces to help illustrate concepts. These traces were gathered and formatted using Microsoft Network Monitor 2.0, a software-based protocol tracing and analysis tool included in the Microsoft Systems Management Server product. Windows 2000 Server includes a reduced functionality version of Network Monitor. The primary difference between this version and the Systems Management Server version is that the limited version can only capture frames that would normally be seen by the computer that it is installed on, rather than all frames that pass over the network (which requires the adapter to be in promiscuous mode). It also does not support connecting to remote Network Monitor Agents.


Capabilities and Functionality


Overview
The TCP/IP suite for Windows 2000 was designed to make it easy to integrate Microsoft systems into large-scale corporate, government, and public networks, and to provide the ability to operate over those networks in a secure manner. Windows 2000 is an Internet-ready operating system.

Support for Standard Features


Windows 2000 supports the following standard features:

  • Ability to bind to multiple network adapters with different media types

  • Logical and physical multihoming

  • Internal IP routing capability

  • Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) version 2 (IP Multicasting)

  • Duplicate IP address detection

  • Multiple default gateways

  • Dead gateway detection

  • Automatic Path Maximum Transmission Unit (PMTU) discovery

  • IP Security (IPSec)

  • Quality of Service (QoS)

  • ATM Services

  • Virtual Private Networks (VPNs)

  • Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol (L2TP)

Performance Enhancements


In addition, Windows 2000 has the following performance enhancements:

  • Protocol stack tuning, including increased default window sizes and new algorithms for high delay links, which increases throughput

  • TCP-scalable window sizes (supported by RFC 1323)

  • Selective acknowledgments (SACK)

  • TCP fast retransmit

  • Round Trip Time (RTT) and Retransmission Timeout (RTO) calculation improvements

  • Improved performance for management of large numbers of connections

  • Hardware task offload mechanisms

Services Available


The Windows 2000 Server family of operating systems provides the following services:

  • Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) client and service

  • Windows Internet Name Service (WINS), a NetBIOS name client and server

  • Dynamic Domain Name Server (DDNS)

  • Dial-up (PPP/SLIP) support

  • Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP) and Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol. (L2TP), used for remote virtual private networks

  • TCP/IP network printing (lpr/lpd)

  • SNMP agent

  • NetBIOS interface

  • Windows Sockets version 2 (Winsock2) interface

  • Remote Procedure Call (RPC) support

  • Network Dynamic Data Exchange (NetDDE)

  • Wide Area Network (WAN) browsing support

  • High-performance Microsoft Internet Information Services (IIS)

  • Basic TCP/IP connectivity utilities, including: finger, ftp, rcp, rexec, rsh, telnet, and tftp

  • Server software for simple network protocols, including: Character Generator, Daytime, Discard, Echo, and Quote of the Day

  • TCP/IP management and diagnostic tools, including: arp, ipconfig, nbtstat, netstat, ping, pathping, route, nslookup, and tracert

Feature Comparison Table for Microsoft TCP/IP Versions


The table below lists features and the operating system versions that they are present in as a reference. Features are described in more detail throughout this document.

Table 1. N=No, Y=Yes, and D=Disabled by Default


Product


Windows 95

Windows 95 Winsock 2ws2

Windows 98

Windows 98 SE1

Windows NT 4.0 SP5p5

Windows 2000

Dead Gateway Detect

N

N

Y

Y

Y

Y

VJ Fast Retransmit

N

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

AutoNet

N

N

Y

Y

N

Y

SACK (Selective ACK)

N

Y

Y

Y

N

Y

Jumbo frame support

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Large Windows

N

D

D

D

N

D

Dynamic DNS

N

N

N

N

N

Y

Media Sense

N

N

N

N

N

Y

Wake-On-LAN

N

N

N

N

N

Y

IP Forwarding

N

N

N

D

D

D

NAT

N

N

N

D

N

D

Kerberos v5

N

N

N

N

N

Y

IPSec (IP Security)

N

N

N

N

N

Y

PPTP

N

N

Y

Y

Y

Y

L2TP

N

N

N

N

N

Y

IP Helper API

N

N

Y

Y

Y

Y

Winsock2 API

N

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

GQoS API

N

N

Y

Y

N

Y

IP Filtering API

N

N

N

N

N

Y

Firewall Hooks

N

N

N

N

N

Y

Packet Scheduler

N

N

N

N

N

D

RSVP

N

N

Y

Y

N

Y

ISSLO

N

N

Y

Y

N

Y

Trojan Filtering

N

N

N

N

D

D

Blocking src routing

N

N

N

Y

Y

Y

ICMP Router Discovery

N

Y

Y

Y

D

D

Offload-TCP

N

N

N

N

N

Y

Offload-IPSec

N

N

N

N

N

Y


Download 0.63 Mb.

Share with your friends:
1   2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9   ...   21



The database is protected by copyright ©ininet.org 2024
send message
    Main page
information contained
current view
issues discussed as