Personal Research Database

Full Text: 2004\Scientometrics60, 181.pdf

Abstract: We have developed a formula that assigns relative values to each author of the list of authors in any publication according to the authors’ relative positions. The formula satisfies several criteria of theoretical and practical significance. We tested the formula’s validity and usefulness with bibliographical references from the INSPEC database, mainly from the physical sciences. Enforced alphabetical sorting, different names of single authors and other statistical disturbances are accounted for. Our results demonstrate that our formula, or any other that satisfies several objective and quantitative criteria, can and often should be used as an additional criterion in the processes of evaluating relative scientific productivity, detecting experts in a given discipline, etc.

Keywords: Multiple Authorship, Citation Measures, Productivity, Performance, Counts, Psychology

Hsieh, W.H., Chiu, W.T., Lee, Y.S. and Ho, Y.S. (2004), Bibliometric analysis of patent ductus arteriosus treatments. Scientometrics, 60 (2), 205-215.

Full Text: 2004\Scientometrics60, 205.pdf

Abstract: A bibliometric analysis was performed to assess the quantitative trend of Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) treatment research, including intravenous injection of indomethacin and surgery. The documents studied were retrieved from the Science Citation Index (SCI) for the period from 1991 to 2002. The publication pattern concerning authorship, collaboration, original countries, citation frequency, document type, language of publication, distribution of journals, page count and the most frequently cited papers were performed. The results indicated that either treatment was not the recent emphasis of PDA research. The publishing countries of both treatments have also denoted that these researches were mostly done in Europe and North America. Both surgery and drug treatments had few international collaboration papers. English was the dominant language, and collaboration of two to six authors was the most popular level of co-authorship.

Keywords: America, Analysis, Authors, Authorship, Bibliometric, Bibliometric Analysis, Citation, Citation Frequency, Citations, Co-Authorship, Coauthorship, Collaboration, Distribution, Drug, Ductus Arteriosus, Europe, Indomethacin, International, Intravenous, Journals, Language, North, Papers, Patent, Patent Ductus Arteriosus, Pattern, Publication, Publications, Publishing, References, Research, SCI, Science, Science Citation Index, Surgery, Treatment, Trend

Sombatsompop, N., Markpin, T. and Premkamolnetr, N. (2004), A modified method for calculating the Impact Factors of journals in ISI Journal Citation Reports: Polymer Science Category in 1997-2001. Scientometrics, 60 (2), 217-235.

Full Text: 2004\Scientometrics60, 217.pdf

Abstract: his article introduces a new modified method for calculating the impact factor of journals based on the current ISI practice in generating journal impact factor values. The impact factor value for a journal calculated by the proposed method, the so-called Cited Half-Life Impact Factor (CHAL) method, which is based on the ratio of the number of current year citations of articles from the previous X years to that of articles published in the previous X years, the X value being equal to the value of the cited half-life of the journal in the current year. Thirty-four journals in the Polymer Science Category from the ISI Subject Heading Categories were selected and examined. Total citations, impact factors and cited half-life of the 34 journals during the last five years (19972001) were retrieved from the ISI Journal Citation Reports and were used as the data source for the calculations in this work, the impact factor values from ISI and CHAL methods then being compared. The positions of the journals ranked by impact factors obtained from the ISI method were different from those from the CHAL method. It was concluded that the CHAL method was more suitable for calculating the impact factor of the journals than the existing ISI method.

Zhu, X., Wu, Q., Zheng, Y.Z. and Ma, X. (2004), Highly cited research papers and the evaluation of a research university: A case study: Peking University 1974-2003. Scientometrics, 60 (2), 237-247.

Full Text: 2004\Scientometrics60, 237.pdf

Abstract: The academic level and scientific reputation is the most important merit of a research university. Publication of the scientific achievement in the world leading scientific journals is the key to asses a university’s overall performance. Peking University is a leading university among the Chinese research universities, and the number of papers published in Science Citation Index (SCI) indexed journals has been on the top of the national list.

In this paper, based on our long-term experience and practice in scientific management, we use scientometrics and informetrics method to analyze the academic performance of the researchers, departments and schools of Peking University, mainly using the citations of publications. Highly cited papers are specially important to the reputation of our university. We compare those data with some selected world well-known universities, hence, some important information can be deduced for the policy decision of the university. The results presented here is not only an academic survey, but also a guideline for the future strategic development of Peking University.

Dewett, T. and Denisi, A.S. (2004), Exploring scholarly reputation: It’s more than just productivity. Scientometrics, 60 (2), 249-272.

Full Text: 2004\Scientometrics60, 249.pdf

Abstract: We explore perceived creativity in scholarship as it relates to scholarly reputation in the field of management. The effects of quantity (total refereed publications, national paper presentations) and quality (proportion of articles in premier journals, editorial activity, research awards) dimensions of scholarly activity are also considered. Our results suggest that the quality dimensions are positively associated with reputation, but that the perceived creativity of a scholar’s work further influences reputation, and partially mediates the relationship between some quality measures and reputation. These results suggest that quality, creativity in particular, is more important than quantity for the accumulation of reputation.

Keywords: Creativity, Performance, Determinants, Recognition, Psychology, Science, Satisfaction, Competition, Innovation, Journals

? Rousseau, R. (2004), Loet Leydesdorff : Recipient of the 2003 Derek de Solla Price Award. Scientometrics, 60 (3), 275-277.

Full Text: 2004\Scientometrics60, 275.pdf

? Glanzel, W., Jiang, G.H., Rousseau, R. and Wu, Y.S. (2004), Preface. Scientometrics, 60 (3), 281-282.

Full Text: 2004\Scientometrics60, 281.pdf

Havemann, F., Heinz, M. and Wagner-Döbler, R. (2004), Growth dynamics of German university enrolments and of scientific disciplines in the 19th century: Scaling behaviour under weak competitive pressure. Scientometrics, 60 (3), 283-294.

Full Text: 2004\Scientometrics60, 283.pdf

Abstract: According to authors like H. E. Stanley and others, growth dynamics of university research displays a quantitative behaviour similar to the growth dynamics of firms acting under competitive pressure. Features of such behaviour are probability distributions of annual growth rates or the standard deviation of growth rates. We show that a similar statistical behaviour can be observed in the growth dynamics of German university enrolments or in the growth dynamics of physics and mathematics, both for the 19th century. Since competitive pressure was generally weak at that time, interpretations of statistical similarities as to pointing to a ‘firm-like behaviour’ are questionable.

? Moed, H.F. and Garfield, E. (2004), In basic science the percentage of ‘authoritative’ references decreases as bibliographies become shorter. Scientometrics, 60 (3), 295-303.

Full Text: 2004\Scientometrics60, 295.pdf

Abstract: The empirical question addressed in this contribution is: How does the relative frequency at which authors in a research field cite ‘authoritative’ documents in the reference lists in their papers vary with the number of references such papers contain? ‘Authoritative’ documents are defined as those that are among the ten percent most frequently cited items in a research field. It is assumed that authors who write papers with relatively short reference lists are more selective in what they cite than authors who compile long reference lists. Thus, by comparing in a research field the fraction of references of a particular type in short reference lists to that in longer lists, one can obtain an indication of the importance of that type. Our analysis suggests that in basic science fields such as physics or molecular biology the percentage of ‘authoritative’ references decreases as bibliographies become shorter. In other words, when basic scientists are selective in referencing behavior, references to ‘authoritative’ documents are dropped more readily than other types. The implications of this empirical finding for the debate on normative versus constructive citation theories are discussed.

Keywords: Analysis, Authors, Behavior, Biology, Citation, Contribution, Frequency, Indication, Molecular, Molecular Biology, Papers, Research, Science, Theories

Small, H. (2004), Why authors think their papers are highly cited. Scientometrics, 60 (3), 305-316.

Full Text: 2004\Scientometrics60, 305.pdf

Abstract: A survey of authors of highly cited papers in 22 fields was undertaken in connection with a new bibliometric resource called Essential Science Indicators (ESI®). Authors were asked to give their opinions on why their papers are highly cited. They generally responded by describing specific internal, technical aspects of their work, relating them to external or social factors in their fields of study. These self-perceptions provide clues to the factors that lead to high citation rate, and the importance of the interaction between internal and external factors. Internal factors are revealed by the technical terminology used to describe the work, and how it is situated in the problem domain for the field. External factors are revealed by a different vocabulary describing how the work has been received within the field, or its implications for a wider audience. Each author’s response regarding a highly cited work was analyzed on four dimensions: the author perception of its novelty, utility, significance, and interest. A co-occurrence analysis of the dimensions revealed that interest, the most socially based dimension, was most often paired with one of the other more internal dimensions, suggesting a synergy between internal and external factors.

? Yue, W.P. and Wilson, C.S. (2004), Measuring the citation impact of research journals in clinical neurology: A structural equation modelling analysis. Scientometrics, 60 (3), 317-332.

Full Text: 2004\Scientometrics60, 317.pdf

Abstract: This study develops and tests an integrated conceptual model of journal evaluation from varying perspectives of citation analysis. The main objective is to obtain a more complete understanding of the external factors affecting journal citation impact; that is, a theoretical construct measured by a number of citation indicators. Structural equation modelling (SEM) with partial least squares (PLS) is used to test the conceptual model with empirical data from journals in clinical neurology. Interrelationships among journal citation impact and four external factors (journal characteristics, journal accessibility, journal visibility and journal internationality) have been successfully explored, and the conceptual model of journal evaluation has been examined.

Keywords: Analysis, Business, Citation, Citation Analysis, Citation Impact, Evaluation, Impact, Index, Journal, Journals, Model, Modelling, Performance, PLS, Research, Science, Scientific Journals, SEM, Visibility

Negishi, M., Sun, Y. and Shigi, K. (2004), Citation database for Japanese papers: A new bibliometric tool for Japanese academic society. Scientometrics, 60 (3), 333-351.

Full Text: 2004\Scientometrics60, 333.pdf

Abstract: The paper describes the construction and functions of the Citation Database for Japanese Papers (CJP) developed at the National Institute of Informatics, Japan (NII), and the Impact Factors of CJP’s source journals. Then statistical analyses of multidimensional scaling on citation counts for the academic society journals to measure relationship among the societies are described. We also introduce a new citation navigation system, CiNii, which enables users to access various resources provided by NIL such as NACSIS Electronic Library Service (NACSIS-ELS) to get electronic full-text of journal articles through citation links. Recent political developments in Japan towards enhancement of scientific information infrastructure are also introduced with its implication to research evaluation systems incorporating citation analyses.

Keywords: Index

Shelton, R.D. and Holdridge G.M. (2004), The US-EU race for leadership of science and technology: Qualitative and quantitative indicators. Scientometrics, 60 (3), 353-363.

Full Text: 2004\Scientometrics60, 353.pdf

Abstract: Both the United States and the European Union have set goals for worldwide leadership of science and technology. While the U. S. leads in most input quantitative indicators, output indicators may be more specific for determining present leadership. They show that the EU has taken the lead in important metrics and is challenging the U. S. in others. Qualitative indicators of fields of research and development, based on expert review studies organized by the authors, confirm that many EU labs are equal or better than those in the U. S.

Markusova, V.A., Minin, V.A., Libkind, A.N., Jansz, C.N.M., Zitt, M. and Bassecoulard-Zitt, E. (2004), Research in non-metropolitan universities as a new stage of science development in Russia. Scientometrics, 60 (3), 365-383.

Full Text: 2004\Scientometrics60, 365.pdf

Abstract: The tremendous social and political changes that culminated in the Soviet Union’s dissolution had a great impact on the Russian science community. Due to the Russian transformation to a market economy a new model of R&D emerged on the basis of the higher education system (R&D in universities). This paper is part of a project, the main goals of which were to analyse the impact of competitive funding on R&D in provincial universities, the distribution of funding by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, and the level of cross-sectoral and international collaboration. This paper gives a descriptive overview of R&D conducted at the 380 provincial universities, looking at 9,800 applications, 1,950 research projects, 19, 981 individuals, and more than 29,600 publications for the period 1996-2001. Our data demonstrated a positive tendency in demographic statistics in the provinces. A map of intra-national collaboration taking place in 1995 2002 in provincial universities situated in different economic regions was designed. Our data show a strong collaboration within the regions, which is an important factor of sustainability. Publication output grew by a factor two or two-and half in six years. The share in output on mathematics was the highest at about 45%, physics and chemistry had equal shares of about 20% each. Researchers from the Ural and Povolzh’e regions were more active in knowledge dissemination than their colleagues from the other nine economic-geographic regions. Bibliometric analysis of more than 1, 450 international collaborative publications for 1999 2001 demonstrated a strong shift in collaboration partners from Former East Block and former USSR countries to Western Europe, USA and Japan. Among the regions, Povolzh’e, Ural, Volgo-Vyatsky and Central Chemozem’e demonstrated a stronger tendency to collaborate. This collaboration depends heavily on financial support from foreign countries.

? Wu, Y.S., Pan, Y.T., Zhang, Y.H., Ma, Z., Pang, J.G., Guo, H., Xu, B. and Yang, Z.Q. (2004), China Scientific and Technical Papers and Citations (CSTPC): History, impact and outlook. Scientometrics, 60 (3), 385-397.

Full Text: 2004\Scientometrics60, 385.pdf

Abstract: This paper traces the history of China Scientific and Technical Papers and Citations database (CSTPC) since its founding in 1988. The fact that most Chinese scientists publish their research results in Chinese journals requires that China establish SCI counterparts dedicated to domestic S & T journals. The article describes the selection criteria for source journals, the approach used to adjust the structure of source journals, the criteria for selecting items to be included in the database, and the indexing method. Then it discusses the impact upon government R & D administration agencies and the science community in general by both CSTPC team and CSTPC database. Finally, the article analyzes the main factors that lead to the primary success of CSTPD. The authors encourages information workers in other non-English developing countries to build up similar databases.

Keywords: Authors, China, Chinese Journals, Citations, Databases, Developing Countries, History, Impact, Indexing, Information, Journals, Lead, Primary, Research, SCI, Science, Success

? Beaver, D.D. (2004), Does collaborative research have greater epistemic authority? Scientometrics, 60 (3), 399-408.

Full Text: 2004\Scientometrics60, 399.pdf

Abstract: This paper presents qualitative philosophical, sociological, and historical arguments in favor of collaborative research having greater epistemic authority than research performed by individual scientists alone. Quantitatively, epistemic authority is predicted to correlate with citations, both in number, probability of citation, and length of citation history. Data from a preliminary longitudinal study of 33 researchers supports the predicted effects, and, despite the fallacy of asserting the consequent, is taken to confirm the hypothesis that collaborative research does in fact have greater epistemic authority.

Keywords: Citation, Citations, History, Longitudinal Study, Research, Researchers

? Kretschmer, H. (2004), Author productivity and geodesic distance in bibliographic co-authorship networks, and visibility on the Web. Scientometrics, 60 (3), 409-420.

Full Text: 2004\Scientometrics60, 409.pdf

Abstract: The increasing cooperation in science, which has led to larger co-authorship networks, requires the application of new methods of analysis of social networks in bibliographic co-authorship networks as well as in networks visible on the Web. In this context, a number of interesting papers on the “Erdos Number”, which gives the shortest path (geodesic distance) between an author and the well-known Hungarian mathematician Erdos in a co-authorship network, have been published recently. This paper develops new methods concerning the position of highly productive authors in the network. Thus a relationship of distribution of these authors among the clusters in the co-authorship network could be proved to be dependent upon the size of the clusters. Highly productive authors have, on average, low geodesic distances and thus shorter length of paths to all the other authors of a specialism compared to low productive authors, whereas the influencing possibility of highly productive scientists gets distributed amongst others in the development of the specialism. A theory on the stratification in science with respect to the over random similarity of scientists collaborating with one another, previously covered with other empirical methods, could also be confirmed by the application of geodesic distances. The paper proposes that the newly developed methodology may also be applied to visible networks in future studies on the Web. Further investigation is warranted into whether co-authorship and web networks have similar structures with regards to author productivity and geodesic distances.

Keywords: Analysis, Author, Authors, Bibliographic, Co-Authorship, Co-Authorship Networks, Coauthorship, Cooperation, Development, Low, Methodology, Network, Papers, Patterns, Productivity, Science, Social, Social Networks, Theory, Visibility

Persson, O., Glänzel, W. and Danell, R. (2004), Inflationary bibliometric values: The role of scientific collaboration and the need for relative indicators in evaluative studies. Scientometrics, 60 (3), 421-432.

Full Text: 2004\Scientometrics60, 421.pdf

Abstract: Several research studies and reports on national and European science and technology indicators have recently presented figures reflecting intensifying scientific collaboration and increasing citation impact in practically all science areas and at all levels of aggregation. The main objective of this paper is twofold, namely first to analyse if the number or weight of actors in scientific communication has increased, if patterns of documented scientific communication and collaboration have changed in the last two decades and if these tendencies have inflationary features. The second question is concerned with the role of scientific collaboration in this context. In particular, the question will be answered to what extent co-authorship and publication activity, on one hand, and co-authorship and citation impact, on the other hand, do interact.

The answers found to these questions have strong implication for the application of bibliometric indicators in research evaluation, moreover, the construction of indicators applied to trend analyses and studies based on medium-term or long-term observations have to be reconsidered to guarantee the validity of conclusions drawn from bibliometric results.

Keywords: Co-Authorship, Patterns

? Yoshikane, F. and Kageura, K. (2004), Comparative analysis of coauthorship networks of different domains: The growth and change of networks. Scientometrics, 60 (3), 433-444.

Full Text: 2004\Scientometrics60, 433.pdf

Abstract: Many studies have tried to describe patterns of research collaboration through observing coauthorship networks. Those studies mainly analyze static networks, and most of them do not consider the development of networks. hi this study, we turn our attention to the development of personal collaboration networks. On the basis of an analysis from two viewpoints, i.e., growth in the number of collaborating partners and change in the relationship strength with partners, we describe and compare the characteristics of four different domains, i.e., electrical engineering, information processing, polymer science, and biochemistry.

Keywords: Analysis, Attention, Authorship Patterns, Coauthorship, Collaboration, Countries, Development, Growth, Information, Information Processing, International Collaboration, Journals, Multiple Authorship, Polymer, Research, Research Collaboration, Science, Scientific Collaboration, Strength

? Lamirel, J.C., Francois, C., AL Shehabi, S. and Hoffmann, M. (2004), New classification quality estimators for analysis of documentary information: Application to patent analysis and web mapping. Scientometrics, 60 (3), 445-462.

Full Text: 2004\Scientometrics60, 445.pdf

Abstract: The information analysis process includes a cluster analysis or classification step associated with an expert validation of the results. In this paper, we propose new measures of Recall/Precision for estimating the quality of cluster analysis. These measures derive both from the Galois lattice theory and from the Information Retrieval (IR) domain. As opposed to classical measures of inertia, they present the main advantages to be both independent of the classification method and of the difference between the intrinsic dimension of the data and those of the clusters. We present two experiments on the basis of the MultiSOM model, which is an extension of Kohonen’s SOM model, as a cluster analysis method. Our first experiment on patent data shows how our measures can be used to compare viewpoint-oriented classification methods, such as MultiSOM, with global cluster analysis method, such as WebSOM Our second experiment, which takes part in the EICSTES EEC project, is an original Webometrics experiment that combines content and links classification starting from a large non-homogeneous set of web pages. This experiment highlights the fact that break-even points between our different measures of Recall/Precision can be used to determine an optimal number of clusters for web data classification. The content of the clusters obtained when using different break-even points are compared for determining the quality of the resulting maps.

Keywords: Analysis, Application, Information, Ir, Mapping, Model, Patent, Points, Quality, Self-Organizing-Maps, Theory, Validation, Webometrics

? Qiu, J.P., Chen, J.Q. and Wang, Z. (2004), An analysis of backlink counts and Web Impact Factors for Chinese university websites. Scientometrics,