Personal Research Database

Full Text: 2000\Scientometrics49, 23.pdf

Abstract: Two key features of science are its rapid growth and its continuous differentiation. The establishment of new journals can be seen as an expression of both growth and differentiation. In this study of the network among management journals, the focus is on forms of differentiation, i.e., the relationship between stratification and specialization in a network of journals. The question asked in this study is whether the different position of American and European journals corresponds with different levels of specialization. A tendency toward such a structuration of the journal network would indicate an interregional integration of management research. Articles published in six of the most influential American and European journals covering the period from 1981 to 1998 have been downloaded. The findings in this study indicate that even though European journals formed a periphery in relation to the American journals in terms of clearly asymmetrical exchange relations, it was the European journals that seemed to be more comprehensive in scope. The tendency during the investigated period indicated differentiation in terms of segmentation rather than specialization

Keywords: Bibliometric, Bibliometric Study, Differentiation, Features, Growth, Integration, Interaction, Journal, Key, Levels, Management, Network, Position, Research, Science, Segmentation, Stratification, Structural-Equivalence

Ingwersen, P. (2000), The international visibility and citation impact of Scandinavian research articles in selected Social Science fields: The decay of a myth. Scientometrics, 49 (1), 39-61.

Full Text: 2000\Scientometrics49, 39.pdf

Abstract: The article covers the period 1989-1998. It investigates the results and meaningfulness of applying the Social Science Citation Index (SSCI, ISI, USA) to publication and citation studies of nine selected Social Science research areas in Scandinavia by analysing the international visibility, the research profiles, and relative citation impact. The study demonstrates that the areas Economics, Political Science, Sociology & Anthropology, Social Policy, Language & Linguistics, and, for Denmark and Finland, Information & Library Science as well as, for Sweden, Management studies, are well anchored internationally with a visibility in line with common S&T domains. The journal article world share of the region is increasing rapidly. Other small European countries, like the Netherlands, are even more substantially represented as regards citation analyses. The conclusion is that SSCI, although biased towards Angle-American publications, actually makes room for valid bibliometric and scientometric analyses of research published by Scandinavian and other smaller countries with English as the second language in journals regarded international by ISI.

Keywords: Bibliometric, Citation, Decay, Denmark, Finland, Impact, In-Line, ISI, Journal, Language, Profiles, Publication, Publications, Research, Research Articles, Science Citation Index, Second Language, Social Science Citation Index, Sweden, USA, Visibility

? Iversen, E.J. (2000), An excursion into the patent-bibliometrics of Norwegian patenting. Scientometrics, 49 (1), 63-80.

Full Text: 2000\Scientometrics49, 63.pdf

Abstract: This paper makes the assumption that Norwegian patenting in the US reflects a quasi-universe of Norwegian technological capabilities. Based on this assumption, the paper combines a ‘patent-bibliometrics’ and a ‘technometrics’ approach to study other relevant bodies of knowledge these capabilities build upon. In order to study interactions at the ‘science-technology-innovation interface’, the paper maps the citation patterns that radiate from the patent population (1990-96) to other areas of technology (patent-citations) and to science-bases (citations to Non-Patent Literature or NPL). The study identifies important technology-technology links that involve machinery, process-engineering and chemical and significant science-technology links that involve pharmaceuticals and instruments.

Keywords: Chemical, Citation, Citations, Interactions, Knowledge, Order, Paper, Patent Citations, Pharmaceuticals, Population, US

? Mahlck, P. and Persson, O. (2000), Socio-bibliometric mapping of intra-departmental networks. Scientometrics, 49 (1), 81-91.

Full Text: 2000\Scientometrics49, 81.pdf

Abstract: The mapping of author networks at academic departments is the focus of this study. Papers from two departments at two different universities, but within the same field of research, were analyzed in terms of co-authorship, direct and indirect citations among the authors. Considerable overlap was found between the co-authorship and the citation based networks. The paper also introduces the idea of socio-bibliometric maps that can be used to make social interpretations of bibliometric networks. The nodes of the networks were labeled by sex and seniority and supervisor-student links were also indicated. When reading the maps and tabulating the links it could be concluded that the two departmental networks were structured differently by sex and seniority.

Keywords: Academic, Bibliometric, Citation, Citations, Co-Authorship, Collaboration, Mapping, Paper, Research, Sex, Social, Universities

Meyer, M. (2000), What is special about patent citations? Differences between scientific and patent citations. Scientometrics, 49 (1), 93-123.

Full Text: 2000\Scientometrics49, 93.pdf

Abstract: The emergence of patent bibliometrics as a new branch of scientometrics necessitates a deeper understanding of the relationship between patents and papers. As this connection is established through the Linkage between patents and research papers, one must have a clear idea of similarities and differences between patent and paper citations. This paper will investigate to what extent one can not only apply bibliometric methods to patents but also extend the existing interpretative framework for citations in research papers to the field of patent citations. After pointing out some parallels in the debates about the nature of citations in patents and scientific articles, the paper outlines those parts of bibliometric theory covering scientific citations that could be relevant to patent citations too. Then it highlights the specialties and peculiarities of patent citations. One major conclusion is that the general nature of a common framework for both scientific and patent citations would severely limit its usefulness, but research on academic citations might still be a great source of inspiration to the study of patent citations.

Keywords: Academic, Bibliometric, Bibliometric Methods, Bibliometrics, Citations, Emergence, General, Methods, Paper, Patent Citations, Patents, Research, Scientometrics, Source, Theory

Seglen, P.O. and Aksnes, D.W. (2000), Scientific productivity and group size: A bibliometric analysis of Norwegian microbiological research. Scientometrics, 49 (1), 125-143.

Full Text: 2000\Scientometrics49, 125.pdf

Abstract: To analyse the relationship between research group size and scientific productivity within the highly cooperative research environment characteristic of contemporary biomedical science, an investigation of Norwegian Microbiology was undertaken. By an author-gated retrieval from ISI’s database National Science Indicators on Diskette (NSIOD), of journal articles published by Norwegian scientists involved in microbiological research during the period 1992-1996, a total of 976 microbiological and 938 non-microbiological articles, by 3, 486 authors, were obtained. Functional research groups were defined bibliometrically on the basis of co-authorship, yielding a total of 180 research groups varying in size from one author, one article to 180 authors, 83 articles (all authors associated with a group during the whole five-year period were included, hence the large group size). Most of Norwegian microbiological research (73% of the microbiology articles) appears to be performed by specialist groups (with greater than or equal to 70% of their production as microbiology), the remainder being published by groups with a broader biomedical research profile (who were responsible for 95% of the non- microbiological articles). The productivity (articles per capita) showed only moderate (Poisson-distributed) variability between groups, and was remarkably constant across all subfields, at about 0.1 article per author per year. No correlation between group size and productivity was found

Keywords: Analysis, Bibliometric, Bibliometric Analysis, Biomedical Research, Co-Authorship, Correlation, Determinants, Environment, Group, Groups, Investigation, Journal, Microbiology, Production, Productivity, Profile, Research, Research Collaboration, Science, Scientific Productivity, Size, Variability

Thorsteinsdottir, O.H. (2000), External research collaboration in two small science systems. Scientometrics, 49 (1), 145-160.

Full Text: 2000\Scientometrics49, 145.pdf

Abstract: This paper compares external research collaboration in small science systems. The design involves studying research collaboration in an independent country (Iceland) and a region of a large country (Newfoundland, Canada). The objective of the paper is firstly to gain a deeper understanding of external research collaboration in small science systems by using both quantitative and qualitative methods and secondly to examine if it is justifiable to compare small regions and small independent countries in terms of their scientific activities. The two science systems are compared with respect to their publication patterns in order to explore how comparable they are in their scientific profiles. External collaboration rates for both science systems are then measured and compared, and it is shown that research collaboration plays an important part in the two science systems. The role of research collaboration is examined further with a combination of bibliometric analysis and interview data. It was found that scientists in small science systems do not collaborate only because they lack economic resources, but an important reason for their collaboration was the availability of research material which was in demand by scientists in the wider scientific world.

Keywords: Analysis, Availability, Bibliometric, Bibliometric Analysis, Canada, Collaboration, Community, Cooperation, Design, Economic, International Scientific Collaboration, Methods, Order, Paper, Profiles, Publication, Qualitative, Qualitative Methods, Research, Research Collaboration, Role, Science, Universities

Von Ungern-Sternberg, S. (2000), Bradford’s law in the context of information provision. Scientometrics, 49 (1), 161-186.

Full Text: 2000\Scientometrics49, 161.pdf

Abstract: The aim of the study is to study empirical use of Bradford’s law for decisions concerning information systems in problem based fields, were journals from different disciplines cover relevant information. Results of comparison of the cores in different fields can be used as a base for tailoring an information system. Bradford’s law is in the study applied on five databases in the topic ‘Information retrieval and seeking’ in order to compare the size and titles of the core journals. These databases give different views of the same interdisciplinary topic. Problems are relevance judgements, which change the shape of the graphs, and consistency of concepts in the analysis. The results show that. Bradford analyses can be useful tools in developing information systems.

Keywords: Analysis, Base, Bibliometrics, Comparison, Core, Databases, Distributions, Field, Information, Information System, Interdisciplinary, Law, Order, Size, Tools

? Braun, T. and Glänzel, W. (2000), Chemistry research in Eastern Central Europe (1992-1997): Facts and figures on publication output and citation impact. Scientometrics, 49 (2), 187-213.

Full Text: Scientometrics49, 187

Keywords: 27 Science Areas, Newest Version, Life Sciences, Scientometric Indicators, Relative Indicators, World Science, 50 Nations, Countries, Physics, Fields

? Pestaña, A. and Cerdán, S. (2000), Spanish scientific productivity and equipment in magnetic resonance from a regional and European perspective. Scientometrics, 49 (2), 215-231.

Full Text: 2000\Scientometrics49, 215.pdf

Abstract: The aim of this work was to provide a rational frame for the design of scientific policies in MR infrastructure implementation. To this end, we have investigated the relationships between MR instruments, their scientific productivity or medical performance and several socio-economic, R&D or health care indicators in a Spanish and European context. The distribution of MR spectroscopy instruments among Spanish Autonomous Communities suggests that the allocation policy resulted from a compromise between the pull of demand based on regional strength in R&D activities and the push of convergence criteria to bring underdeveloped regions up to a national standard. On the whole. the average value for Spanish MR spectroscopy equipment(1.6 units per TRDP) was within the average value of 1.7 found in 6 European countries. The scientific productivity of these spectometres in Spain (10.3 publications per unit), compares with the ratio (12.4) found in the United Kingdom and was above the six countries’ average (8.3). Larger differences in productivity were observed between Spanish Autonomous Communities, suggesting the existence of important laguna in the distributive side of the allocation policy. Consistent with its socio-sanitary importance. the regional distribution of MR imaging equipment in Spain correlated with the number of sanitary personnel and regional population or wealth. The average number of installed units per million inhabitants in Spain (3.3) is very close to the average found in five European countries and the diagnostic procedures per installed units are close to the 5 countries’ average values of 3400/year. However, the scientific productivity of MR imaging equipment in Spain (1.6 publications per installed unit in the five year period) was very low as compared with other European countries (3.7 on average). Higher diagnostic demand or lower publication pressures could explain these differences equally well. Our results suggest that increases in scientific productivity and medical performance of MR instrumentation in Spanish Autonomous Communities may not necessarily involve a net increase in the number of MR instruments but rather, improvements in the global socio-economic throughputs derived from the organisation of R&D and medical service policies.

Keywords: Allocation, Design, Distribution, Global, Health, Health Care, Imaging, Implementation, Importance, Indicators, Instrumentation, Low, Magnetic, Magnetic Resonance, Medical, MR, MR Imaging, Performance, Policy, Population, Productivity, Publication, Publications, Regional, Regional Distribution, Resonance, Scientific Productivity, Socio-Economic, Spain, Spectroscopy, Standard, Strength, United Kingdom

Rovira, L., Senra, P. and Jou, D. (2000), Bibliometric analysis of physics in Catalonia: Towards quality consolidation? Scientometrics, 49 (2), 233-256.

Full Text: 2000\Scientometrics49, 233.pdf

Abstract: This paper studies the main bibliometric figures in order to analyse the ‘states of the art’ and the evolution of research in physics in Catalonia (Spain) between 1981 and 1998 via the National Citation Report (NCR) for Catalonia elaborated by ISI (Institute for Scientific Information). The main indicators and parameters used are: bibliometric size, rate of citation, citedness of papers, concentration of scientific categories, journals and types of paper, index of immediacy, international collaboration, and papers and citation distribution by research centres and universities.

? Bar-Ilan, J. (2000), Results of an extensive search for ‘S&T indicators’ on the Web: A content analysis. Scientometrics, 49 (2), 257-277.

Full Text: 2000\Scientometrics49, 257.pdf

Abstract: In this study we carried out a content analysis of Web pages containing the search term ‘S&T indicators’. which were located by an extensive search of the Web. Our results dearly show that the Web is a valuable information source on this topic. Major national and international institutions and organizations publish the frill text of their reports on the Web. or allow free downloading of these reports in non-html formats. In addition to direct information, a number of pages listing and linking to major reports, programs and organizations were also located.

Keywords: Analysis, Content Analysis, Engines, Information, Institutions, Internet, Organizations, Overlap, Pages, Political-Parties, Source, World-Wide-Web

Karki, M.M.S., Garg, K.C. and Sharma, P. (2000), Activity and growth of organic chemistry research in India during 1971-1989. Scientometrics, 49 (2), 279-288.

Full Text: S\Scientometrics49, 279.pdf

Abstract: The paper investigates Indian organic chemistry research activity during 1971–1989 using Chemical Abstracts. It attempts at quantification of national contribution to world efforts, and identify areas of relative strengths and weaknesses. Also models the growth of Indian organic chemistry output to world organic chemistry output as a whole and in sub-fields where the activity index for the world and India are similar.

Shama, G., Klaus, K. and Oppenheim, C. (2000), Citation ootprint analysis Part I: UK and US chemical engineering academics. Scientometrics, 49 (2), 289-305.

Full Text: S\Scientometrics49, 289.pdf

Abstract: A novel method of displaying the publication and citation characteristics of outputs of researchers using a graphical ‘footprint’ has been developed. Its first application has been to compare the publication and citation characteristics of a small group of top UK, and US academic chemical engineers. The footprint demonstrates the Relationship Factors of publications in a number of related disciplines, as defined by ISI’s Journal Citation Reports. The technique has been used to compare both individual academics and each national group as a whole. The results clearly show that US academic chemical engineers are far more interdisciplinary in their output than their UK counterparts. The technique has a number of potential applications, including tracking changes in a discipline over time, tracking individual academics’ output over time, and comparing different disciplines for their interdisciplinarity.

? Pereira, J.C.R., Fischer, A.L. and Escuder, M.M.L. (2000), Driving factors of high performance in Brazilian Management Sciences for the 1981-1995 period. Scientometrics, 49 (2), 307-319.

Full Text: 2000\Scientometrics49, 307.pdf

Abstract: As a corollary of former studies, high performance in Brazilian Management Sciences during the period of 1981 to 1995 is put to scrutiny. Information on the 66 papers registered to this field in the ISI databases for this time interval were retrieved, edited and processed as to elicit patterns. Occurrences of highly cited papers seemed haphazard but the presence of collaborative work consistently emerged as an important driving factor for good performance. International collaboration showed the most expressive impact over chances of citation but any form of collaboration seemed to have some effect, even those represented by single authors with double allegiance. Simple addition of authors, nonetheless, had no effect, and thus collaboration involving authors of common institutional affiliation showed the performance of single authored papers. Cluster analysis allowed the identification of patterns of performance, and groups of best performers showed higher levels of international collaboration. The institutional composition of the clusters is presented.

Keywords: Analysis, Citation, Clusters, Collaboration, Composition, Databases, Driving, Groups, Identification, Impact, International Collaboration, ISI, Levels, Performance

? Gupta, B.M. and Karisiddappa, C.R. (2000), Modelling the growth of literature in the area of theoretical population genetics. Scientometrics, 49 (2), 321-355.

Full Text: 2000\Scientometrics49, 321.pdf

Abstract: Different approaches are introduced for studying the growth of scientific knowledge, as reflected through publications and authors. Selected growth models are applied to the cumulated growth of publications and authors in theoretical population genetics from 1907 to 1980. The criteria are studied on which growth models are to be selected for their possible application in the growth of literature. It is concluded that the power model is observed to be the only model among the models studied which best explains the cumulative growth of publication and author counts in the theoretical population genetics.

Keywords: Genetics, Growth, Knowledge, Model, Models, Population, Publication, Publications, Science

Glänzel, W. (2000), Science in Scandinavia: A bibliometric approach. Scientometrics, 49 (2), 357-357.

Full Text: 2000\Scientometrics49, 357.pdf

Ortiz-Rivera, L.A., Sanz-Casado, E. and Suárez-Balseiro, C.A. (2000), Scientific production in Puerto Rico in science and technology during the period 1990 to 1998. Scientometrics, 49 (3), 403-418.

Full Text: 2000\Scientometrics49, 403.pdf

Abstract: This paper analyses the research activity conducted by Puerto Rican scientists in science and technology in the period 1990 to 1998. The Science Citation Index (SCI) database was used to analyse scientific production by geographic area, type of institution, document typology, language coverage, visibility of publications, subjects addressed and collaboration between local and international authors and institutions. Scientific production was observed to nearly double over the period studied and found to be concentrated in the academic sector, primarily in the city of San Juan, specifically in the University of Puerto Rico’s Rio Piedras, Medical Sciences and Mayaguez campuses. Puerto Rican scientific production in the period studied was greater than in any other Caribbean country and the sixth largest in all of Latin America. papers are mainly published in highly visible journals and scientific articles are the vehicle most commonly used to reach the scientific community. Go-operation indices between authors and institutions are high and the principal areas in which research is published are Medicine, Chemistry, Life Sciences and Physics.

Keywords: Latin-America, Research Collaboration, Bibliometric Analysis, Cooperation, Indicators, Authorship, Quality

? Garg, K.C. and Padhi, P. (2000), Scientometrics of prolific and non-prolific authors in laser science and technology. Scientometrics, 49 (3), 359-371.

Full Text: 2000\Scientometrics49, 359.pdf

Abstract: An analysis of 766 publications by prolific authors in scientific journals indicate that prolific authors produce about 25% of the total scientific output in periodical literature in laser science and technology. The average productivity per author is about 2. Prolific authors from most of the countries belonged either to academic or research institutions except in USA and Japan. Prolific authors on average made more impact than non-prolific authors. However the situation varied from country to country.

Keywords: Impact, Journals, Literature, Periodical, Productivity, Publications, Research, Research Institutions, Science, Science And Technology, Scientific Journals, Scientific Output, Scientometrics, Technology, USA

? Cahlik, T. (2000), Comparison of the maps of science. Scientometrics, 49 (3), 373-387.

Full Text: 2000\Scientometrics49, 373.pdf

Abstract: The aim of this article is to describe some methods of comparison of maps of science and to show possibilities that these methods give for further research in this interesting area.

Keywords: Comparison, Methods, Research, Science, Word

? Cahlik, T. (2000), Search for fundamental articles in economics. Scientometrics,