Pestvidéki Ásványbánya Vállalat



Download 1.61 Mb.
Page37/50
Date20.10.2016
Size1.61 Mb.
#5110
1   ...   33   34   35   36   37   38   39   40   ...   50

Szegő, Gábor (Gabriel) (Kunhegyes, 20 January 1895 - Palo Alto, California, USA, 7 August 1985) – Mathematician. He received his secondary education in Szolnok, and his tertiary studies were at the Universities of Budapest (1912) and Vienna. At the University of Budapest, his professors included Lipót (Leopold) Fejér, Mihály (Michael) Bauer, József (Koseph) Kürschák and Manó (Emmanuel) Beke. From 1915 to 1918 he did military service in the infantry, artillery and the air force. In 1918, still in the army, he earned his Ph.D. in Vienna. In 1919 and 1920 he was a demonstrator at the Budapest Polytechnic under Kürschák. He worked as an honorary lecturer (privatdozent) in Berlin from 1921, and from 1926 as a professor at the University of Königsberg. In 1934, with the onset of National Socialism, his Jewish origin forced him to emigrate to the USA. He taught at the Universities of Washington D.C., St. Louis and, from 1938, at Stanford, retiring in 1953. He was a friend of György (George) Pólya, the renowned mathematician. He carried out research in the fields of mathematical analysis, orthogonal polynomials and Toeplitz matrices. He was an honorary member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, and also a member of the Academy of Sciences of Vienna. His works include Aufgaben und Lehrsätze aus der Analysis, with György Pólya (1925); the Orthogonal Polynomials (1939), and the Toplitz Matrices, and his Collected Papers, vols. i,ii,iii (1982). – B: 0872, 0883, T: 7103, 7456.→Pólya, György; Fejér Lipót; Kürchák, József.
Székács, Elemér (Elmer) (Pest, 23 September 1870 - Budapest, 16 May 1938) – Farmer, plant geneticist. He studied at the Agriculture Academy of Magyaróvár between 1888 and 189l. After earning his qualification, he worked on the estates of Count Alajos (Aloys) Károlyi and started wheat strain improvement experiments at Sósdo, Temes County in 1906 (now in Romania). Through individual selections he developed from a local strain an improved type that saved Hungarian wheat growing from an agricultural crisis. He sowed his improved, so-called “Székács wheat” on approximately 4200 acres at Árpádhalom, Csongrád County. The improved strain, yielding better quality wheat, displaced the so-called Tisza-field wheat on the Great Hungarian Plain by 1911. The improved varieties that he developed played an important role in developing the country’s wheat-growing program. He founded the Planting Seed Improving Company Ltd. (Vetőmagnemesítő Rt.) and set up an experimental farm at Árpádhalom and Kompolt, where he was engaged in improving other plant strains. He became the chief supervisor of state plant ­improving farms in 1931. He wrote many significant articles on strain development and founded and edited the Plant Improving Review (Növénynemesítő Szemle). On his initiative, the teaching of plant improvement was introduced to Hungary. – B: 1078, 0883, 1138, T: 7675.
Székács, József (Joseph) (Orosháza, 2 February, 1809 - Budapest, 29 July, 1876) – Lutheran Bishop and man of letters. He did his studies at Sopron from 1826, passed his pastoral examinations in 1829, then he studied Law at Eperjes (now Prešov, Slovakia), and in 1835 he went on a round trip in Western Europe. He became the first Lutheran minister for the Hungarians in Pest. In 1842, together with Pál (Paul) Török, Bishop of the Reformed Church, he started the journal Protestant Church and School Journal (Protestáns Egyházi és Iskolai Lap). During 1848-1849, he supported the case of the War of Independence from the House of Habsburg; after its collapse he was forced to go into hiding for a while. In 1859, he was one of the leaders of the resistance to the Protestant Patent of the Habsburg rule (Patens) In 1860 the Bánya Church District elected him Bishop, a position he held until his retirement in 1872. Then, until his death, he was Parish Pastor of the Lutheran Congregation in the Deák Square Church in Budapest. He was an excellent orator. For his literary work (mainly translations of literature from Serbian, Greek and Latin), the Hungarian Academy of Sciences made him a corresponding member, and the Kisfaludy Literary Society elected him an ordinary member. His main works are Serbian Folk-tales and Heroic Stories (Szerb népdalok és hősmesék) (1836); Smaller Prayerbook (Kisebb imakönyv) (1868), and Collected Sermons (Összegyüjtött egyházi beszédei) (1871). Schools in Orosháza bear his name. – B: 1050, T: 7456.→Patens of February; Török, Pál; Podmaniczky, Baron Frigyes.
Székely, Arnold (Budapest, 6 November 1874 - Montreal, PQ, Canada, 24 September 1958) – Pianist and piano teacher. Originally he studied Law, but chose music as his career. After studying abroad, first as a student of István (Stephen) Thomán, then from 1903 a student F. Busoni in Berlin, he returned to Hungary in 1905. Between 1907 and 1939 he was a professor at the Ferenc (Franz) Liszt Academy of Music in Budapest. From 1945 he was a teacher at the Fodor Music School and in 1948 he gave a series of lectures in Paris on music education. From 1951 on, he worked in Montreal, Canada, where he taught and gave concerts. He gave several successful concerts abroad. Among his more noted students were: Antal Doráti, Edit Farnady, Anni Fischer, Andor Földes, Louis Kentner and Georg Solti. – B: 0883, T: 7684.→Thomán, István; Doráti, Antal; Kentner, Louis; Fischer, Anni; Solti, Sir George; Rév, Lívia.
Székely, Bertalan (Bartholomew) (Kolozsvár, now Cluj-Napoca, Romania, 8 May 1835 - Budapest, 21 August 1910) – Painter. First he studied to become an engineer, attending lectures at the Vienna Polytechnic; later, from 1851 to 1855 at the University of Vienna, he studied under J.N. Geiger and K. Rahl. In 1855 he returned to Transylvania, where for years he earned a living as a sign painter and by giving drawing lessons. In 1858 he worked on the estate of Count Aichelburg’s family at Marchendorf in Bohemia, where he married. In the winter of 1859, he went to Munich to study with the famous painter Karl Theodor von Piloty. It was there that he painted his early self-portrait, a masterpiece of realism, and his first famous historic composition, Discovery of the Corpse of King Louis II (II. Lajos király holttestének megtalálása). In 1861 he painted the historical picture Dobozy and his Spouse (Dobozy és hitvese). From then on, his individual style increasingly began to emerge, characterized by academic composition, psychological character description, and naturalistic depiction of material objects. In 1862 he moved to Pest. In 1863 he won a scholarship with his mural Flight of Emperor Charles VII (VII. Károly császár menekülése) held in the Bayerisches Nationalmuseum in Munich. With the scholarship he went to Holland and Paris. He returned to Hungary in 1864. Later, in 1866, he finished the Mohács Disaster (Mohácsi vész), and the following year the Women of Eger (Egri nők), very successful historical paintings. In 1869 he went on a study trip to Italy. During this period he also prepared numerous illustrations for poems of Sándor Petőfi, József Eötvös, and others. In 1870, his historical composition, László V. was completed and, in 1871, he painted the 12-piece cycle Woman’s Life (Nő élete). In 1875, Bertalan produced one of his main works, Thököly’s Farewell (Thököly búcsúja). In 1879 he completed his last large-scale historical work, Zrinyi’s Outbreak (Zrinyi kirohanása). He completed a number of large frescos toward the end of the 19th century: between 1887 and 1889 the two frescos for the cathedral at Pécs, and the murals for its St. Mór Chapel. The frescos of the Tihany Abbey were completed with the collaboration of Károly Lotz and Lajos Deák-Ébner. He also painted several frescos for the Coronation Church (Matthias Church) of Buda (1890-1896), and the frescos for the assembly hall of the municipal council of Kecskemét. In addition to all the fresco works, he painted portraits, female figures, the well-known Léda compositions, and most of his fine Scenes (1880-1890). In his last period he was increasingly occupied with teaching of the art of painting. From 1871, he was a teacher at the School of Decorative Arts, Budapest, from 1902 its director. Bertalan was the greatest representative of the fusion of Romanticism with Academicism in Hungarian historical painting. He was ideally qualified technically and theoretically to carry on with teaching as the most learned master of the age. Memorial exhibitions of his works were held in the Art Gallery of Budapest in 1911 and 1956. His house at Szada (northeast of Budapest) is now a Memorial Museum. His book entitled Selected Artistic Writings of Bertalan Székely (Székely Bertalan válogatott művészeti írásai) was published in 1962. – B: 0883, 1105, 1445, T: 7456.→Lotz, Károly, Deák-Ébner, Lajos; Tornyai, János.
Székely, Endre (Andrew) (Budapest, 6 April 1912 - Budapest, 14 April 1989) – Composer, chorus master, music teacher. From 1932 to 1935, he studied composition under Zoltán Kodály, Antal Molnár and Albert Siklós at the Ferenc (Franz) Liszt Academy of Music in Budapest. He obtained a diploma in composition in 1937. Until 1945, he led the choir of the Bőrös Union, while in the Vándor Choir he was deputizing for Sándor Vándor. In 1945, when Hungary was under Soviet military occupation and a Communist system of government was unfolding, he organized the Workers’ Cultural Association; he was also Secretary of the Bartók Association, which coordinated all the choirs of Hungary at the time. From 1950 to 1952, he directed the choir of the Hungarian Radio; from 1952 to 1956, he organized a choir at Dunaújváros (Sztalinváros, Stalintown at the time). He became a teacher at the Teachers’ College of Budapest from 1959 to 1972. To advance his erudition in music, in the early 1960s he learned all about modern composing and, by 1967, he had completely formed his own musical language. The high-water mark in his career as a composer was reached between 1986 and 1988; he scored much success with his compositions both in Hungary and abroad (e.g. at Darmstadt). He composed vocal and stage works, orchestral and concerto works, chamber music and solo works. His works include Gold Star (Aranycsillag) operetta (1950); Attila József Cantata (1954); György Dózsa Oratorio (1958); five String Quartets, and a Sonata for Solo Violin (1980). – B: 0883, T: 7456.→Kodály, Zoltán, Molnár, Antal; Siklós, Albert.
Székely, Éva (Budapest, 3 April 1927 - ) – Swimmer. She was forty-six times individual Hungarian champion, ten-times world and twelve times European record-holder. She was Champion in the Helsinki Olympics of 1952, and Silver-Medalist of the Melbourne Olympics of 1956. After her active sports career, she worked as a trainer; her best-known pupil, her daughter Andrea Gyarmati, was Silver-medalist at the Munich Olympics of 1972. She was the Nation’s Sportswoman. Her husband, Dezső Gyarmati, was also the Nation’s Sportsman and Olympic Champion as a water-polo player. She was a recipient of the Oeuvre Prize (2006). – B: 1051, T: 7456.→Gyarmati, Dezső; Gyarmati, Andrea.
Székely, Gábor (Gabriel) (Jászberény, 26 May 1944 - ) – Stage manager, theater director. He studied at the Academy of Dramatic Art, Budapest. From 1968 he was Manager of the Szigligeti Theater (Szigligeti Színház) of Szolnok, and from 1971 to 1980 he was its senior manager. In the meantime, he studied stage management from Tamás (Thomas) Major. From 1980 to 1982 he was Head Manager of the National Theater (Nemzeti Színház), Budapest. In 1982, he was a founding member of the József Katona Theater (Katona József Színház), and later that of New Theater (Új Színház), Budapest, where he worked as a director until 1989. He played a significant role in developing the artistic aspect of this theater. Later, he became Manager of the Theater tri-Bühne of Stuttgart. From 1973 he worked as a lecturer at the Academy of Music, Budapest, and later, he was its Vice-Chancellor till 2006. He has been a professor at the University of Theater and Cinema Arts, and between 1990 and 2002 he taught stage management. His stage managerial work is characterized by well-considered analytical ability, and the development of the human, true to life psychological accuracy of the stage figure. In his presentations a high-level of organization, esthetic rigor and evocation of extreme emotions are achieved. His manager’s work includes Büchner’s Woyzeck; Miller’s After the Fall (Bűnbeesés után); O’Neill’s Long Day's Journey Into Night (Utazás az éjszakába); Chekhov’s The Seagull (Sirály), Three Sisters (Három nővér); Shakespeare’s The Life of Timon of Athens (Athéni Timon), Troilus and Cressida, As You Like It (Ahogy tetszik), Coriolanus, and M. Füst’s The Wretches (Boldogtalanok). He received the Kossuth Prize in 1988, and the Mari Jászai Prize in 1974, as well as the Merited Artist (1978) and Outstanding Artist (1986) titles. – B: 1445, T: 7456.→Major, Tamás.
Székely, István, de Bencéd (Stephen) (Bencéd, now Bentid, Transylvania, in Romania, ca 1500/1510 - after 1593) – Schoolmaster and preacher of the Reformed Church. From 1529 he studied at the University of Krakow. From 1538 on, he was a schoolmaster in Szikszó, in 1546 in Olaszliszka. From 1548 he was a preacher in Szikszó, and from 1563 in Gönc. Being of Szekler origin, he devoted his whole life to the Reformation Movement. He felt it was his solemn duty to proclaim not only from the pulpit, but also through his writings all that he held to be sacred and true. His work, Calendarium in Hungarian, was published in Krakow in 1538. It was the first such work in Hungarian; all his writings were produced in Hungarian. The Book of Psalms (Zsoltárkönyv) in prose text, published in Krakow in 1548, contains valuable information, notably in the Appendix, describing the names of old musical instruments. The Chronicle About this World’s Eminent Things (Chronica ez világnac yeles dolgairol) highlights important world events: it was a first attempt to record world history in the Hungarian language (1559). – B: 1197, 0883, 1153, T: 7682.
Székely, István (Steve Sekely, S.K.Seeley) (Budapest, 25 February 1899 - Palm Springs, California, USA, 11 March 1979) – Film director. After two years at the Budapest Polytechnic, he gave up studying and became a journalist, becoming a correspondent for the daily, The Week (A Hét), sub-editor of Mad Steve (Bolond Istók), Editor of Somersault (Bukfenc), and Manager of the Cabaret Apollo. In the 1920s, he was the Berlin reporter for the The News (Az Újság); he was also a scriptwriter and co-author of writer Ludwig Wolf. In 1929, he started work as a stage manager. In 1931, he returned to Hungary. By the end of 1937, he had 24 feature films to his credit. Linked with his name is the second Hungarian sound film Hyppolit, with its satirical humor; its adaptations also bear witness to its high standard, based on the novel by Zsigmond (Sigismund) Móricz: Be Good Unto Death (Légy jó mindhalálig) (1936), and Two Prisoners (Két fogoly), based on Lajos (Louis) Zilahy’s novel (1937). Before National Socialism gained strength in 1938, he left Hungary and with his wife, Irén Ágai, settled in the USA, where he established a film company the Star Pictures in 1945. In 1950 he worked successfully in Mexico; in 1953 in West Germany; in 1954 and 1955 in Italy, and in England in 1962. From 1972 on, at the invitation of István Nemeskürty in Budapest, he completed a film based on Ernő Szép’s novel Purple Acacia (Lila akác), already staged in 1934. – B: 0883, 1445, T: 7456.→Móricz, Zsigmond; Zilahy, Lajos; Nemeskürty, István; Szép, Ernő.
Székely, János (John) (Torda, now Turda, Romania, 7 March 1929 - Marosvásárhely, now Târgu Mureş, Romania, 23 August 1992) – Transylvanian Hungarian poet, playwright and translator of literary works. He studied at the Reformed College of Marosvásárhely, and later, he was a Hussar cadet at the Military School. Near the end of World War II, as a teenager, he was conscripted into the army and taken to the western front, where he was taken prisoner. After returning home to Transylvania, he attended the Philosophy Department of the University of Kolozsvár (now Cluj-Napoca, Romania), where he obtained an Arts Degree; afterward he worked as the poetry editor for the journal, True Word (Igaz Szó) of Marosvásárhely until his retirement in 1989. Ilona Varró, his wife, was a writer and editor, and his son was the sculptor János Jenő (John Eugene) Székely. In the first generation after World War II, he followed the traditions of the West in Hungarian lyrics, while his plays were based on documents. His best pieces include In Star Lght (Csillagfényben) poems (1955); The Curse of Flowers (A virágok átka) poems (1966); The Tower of Silence (A hallgatás tornya) selected poems (1972); Protestants (Protestánsok) drama (1978); Illuminated Chronicle (Képes krónika) plays (1979), and The Western Army Corps (A nyugati hadtest) novel (1988). His collection of poems Nothing – Never (Semmi – soha) was published after his death. His foreword to this posthumous work ended with the sentence: “I wrote my poems in an age, when it was a disgrace to be human. This would be terrible in a moral situation, but for a poet it is not exactly devoid of interest.” He interpreted the works of contemporary Romanian authors and translated German and Russian works as well. He was awarded the Endre Ady Prize posthumously. – B: 1918, 1031, 1257, T: 7456.
Székely, Júlia (Budapest, 8 May 1906 - Budapest, 19 March 1986) – Writer, pianist and teacher. She began her piano studies under Tibor Szatmári at the National Music School (Nemzeti Zenede), Budapest, and studied under Zoltán Kodály and Béla Bartók, obtaining a piano teacher’s certificate in 1934. Concurrently, she completed a stage-managing course at the Academy of Dramatic Art. In 1929 she appeared as a concert pianist in Vienna. Her play Nóra’s Daughters (Nóra leányai,) directed by Gizi Bajor was staged in the National Chamber Theater in Budapest on 28 April 1938. Between 1945 and 1948 she worked as a critic for the magazine Theater (Színház). From 1952 to 1968 she was engaged as a voice teacher at the Teachers College of Pécs, where she became a lecturer, later a senior lecturer. She pursued significant literary activity as well. She scored great success with her novel: The Flying Mouse (A repülő egér) (1939). In articles and radio talks she featured Béla Bartók’s teaching method and she prepared numerous Bartók transcriptions. She wrote radio plays, biographies of musicians, and TV plays for the Hungarian Radio and Television. Her works also include Criminal Case (Bűnügy) novel (1941); Musicians (Muzsikusok) novel (1950); Vagrant Years (Vándorévek): Franz Liszt’s Life (1962); I Departed From My Nice Country (Elindultam szép hazámból): Béla Bartók’s life (1965), and Blessed Solitude (Áldott magányosság), novel (1986). – B: 0883, T: 7456.→Liszt, Ferec; Kodály, Zoltán; Bartók, Béla; Bajor, Gizi.
Székely, Mihály (Michael) (Jászberény, 8 May 1901 - Budapest, 22 March 1963) – Opera singer (base). He studied singing privately under Géza László. He became a member of the Opera House of Budapest at the age of 22, and remained a member until his death. Already in the 1930s, he had gained international recognition, singing in Vienna and in Italy. After World War II, he had successes in the USA; between 1946 and 1950, he appeared at the New York Metropolitan Opera in every season. Between 1948 and 1958, he appeared almost everywhere in Europe, including Russia (Soviet Union at the time). In 1956, at the Festival of Holland, he made a great impression with his wonderful rendering of the Duke in Béla Bartók’s Bluebeard’s Castle; he also sang this role in Brussels, Paris in 1957, and at the Royal Festival Hall of London in 1962. Between 1957 and 1961, he sang yearly at the Glyndebourne Festival, mainly in Mozart operas. Toward the middle of the 20th century, he was one of the greatest opera singers of Hungary. His outstanding base roles were in Mozart operas, which he interpreted humanely and colorfully with great musicality and artistry. In the case of the Duke in Bluebeard’s Castle, Székely virtually became one with the role. In 1964, a commemorative Mihály Székely Medal was founded. His roles included Ozmin in Mozart’s Il Seraglio (Szöktetés a szerályból); Leporello in Mozart’s Don Giovanni; Sarastro in Mozart’s Magic Flute (Varázsfuvola); King Philip in Verdi’s Don Carlo; Boris in Mussorgsky’s Boris Godunov, and Baron Ochs in Richard Strauss’ Der Rosenkavalier (Rózsalovag). He was awarded the Kossuth Prize in 1949 and 1955, and the title of Outstanding Artist in 1950. – B: 0883, 1445, T: 7456.
Székely, Mózes (1) (Lövéte, now Lueta, Romania, around 1550 - Brassó, now Braşov, Romania, 17 July 1603) – Military officer, administrator and politician. He was a descendant of Szekler (Transylvanian Hungarian) untitled noble family, and started his military career in the army of István (Stephen) Báthory, Prince of Transylvania (1571-1576). In the battle of Szentpál (1575), he was already the Commander of the Szekler troops. He followed Báthory into Poland, where he was the Commander of the Hungarian Infantry; in that capacity he took part in Báthory’s Russian campaign. On his return, he became the confidant of Zsigmond (Sigismund) Báthory, Prince of Transylvania (1581-1598), he received large land grants and, in 1591 he rose to nobility status. He was Commander-in-Chief of András (Andrew) Báthory (1598-1605), later that of Voivode Mihály. In 1601, he turned against the reign of terror of the Voivode and General Basta. First, he tried to return Zsigmond Báthory to the throne; and after the battle of Gorosló he himself became the head of the anti-Imperial party. In 1603 he broke into Transylvania aided by the Turks. With the help of the nobility he drove out the Imperial forces from the Principality of Transylvania and, on 8 May 1603, he assumed the title of Prince. However, the Szeklers turned against him. They combined with the forces of Radul, the Voivode of Wallachia and annihilated his army of noblemen in the battle of Brassó; he himself fell on the battlefield. – B: 0883, 1031, T: 7456.→Báthory, Pince István; Báthory, Prince Zsigmond; Basta, Giorgio.
Székely, Mózes (2) →Daday, Loránd.

Székely, Pierre (Péter) (Budapest, 11 June 1923 - Paris, 3 April 2001) – Sculptor, ceramist. In 1941, he studied graphics and engravings with Hanna Dallos, Budapest. At the end of 1944, he was arrested and was taken to a concentration camp and was to be transported to Germany. He somehow managed to escape and was in hiding until the war was over. In 1946 he went to Paris on a scholarship, where he remained permanently. Later his wife joined him. In Paris he started working as engraver, poster artist and ceramist. He created an enormous output of ceramics furniture and public sculptures, out of his conviction that art is a form of communication. He developed a sign language, which was read intuitively in the context of his works, including his non-representative sculptures. His ideas grow out of his media, be it wood, stone or metal; so that the matter of his sculptures lives through the forms, which suggest harmony and peace. Among his works are a Monumental work for the Olympic Games in Mexico (1968); a Monumental work in Lisbon, Portugal (1981); a Sculpture in the U.S. Presidental collection (1989); a Sculpture in the garden of the Elysée Palace in Paris, and a Sculpture in the President’s residence in Budapest (1995); a large sculpture in the Hungarian Institute of Paris, and sculptures in the Pompidou Center (1996). His works are also in the museums of Hungary, Japan and France. He lectured on philosophy in the universities of Kanazawa, Hong Kong, New York, Detroit, Thessaloniki and Athens. A Hungarian film was made about Székely’s lifework (1997). His biographical book entitled Forbidden Gods (Tiltott istenek) was published in Budapest. Among his distinctions are an Honorary Doctorate from the Royal Academy of Fine Art of the Hague in Holland; an the Honored Artist title of Hungarian Government and County Baranya, and he was awarded the Legion of Honour of France (1998). – B: 1031, T: 7103.

Download 1.61 Mb.

Share with your friends:
1   ...   33   34   35   36   37   38   39   40   ...   50



The database is protected by copyright ©ininet.org 2024
send message
    Main page
northern part
full text
basic principles
most important parts
last time
communist regime
precise meaning
equestrian statue
jesuit order