18-1.02A General
A dust suppressant or a control binder must be either (1) miscible in water or (2) a material that is directly applied to the surface without mixing with water.
18-1.02B Dust Suppressants 18-1.02B(1) General
A dust suppressant must be one of the following:
1. Petroleum-based organic product
2. Nonpetroleum-based organic product
3. Hygroscopic product
4. Synthetic polymer emulsion
A petroleum-based organic dust suppressant must be an asphalt emulsion, petroleum resin, base oil, mineral oil, or synthetic fluid.
An asphalt emulsion must be Grade SS1h.
A petroleum resin must comply with the requirements shown in the following table:
Petroleum Resin Requirements
|
Quality characteristic
|
Test method
|
Requirement
|
Residue (min, %)
|
ASTM D6934
|
60
|
pH
|
ASTM D1429
|
4.0–7.0
|
sp gr at 16 °C (min)
|
ASTM D1298
|
1.00
|
Kinematic visc at 25 °C (min, Saybolt Furol secondsa)
|
ASTM D2170
|
188
|
Flash point (min °C)
|
ASTM D92
|
205
|
Particle charge test
|
ASTM D7402
|
Positive
|
aUse ASTM D2161 to convert the mm2/s value to Saybolt Furol seconds
|
A base or mineral oil must comply with the requirements shown in the following table:
Base and Mineral Oils Requirements
|
Quality characteristic
|
Test method
|
Requirement
|
Base and mineral oil content (min, %)
|
--
|
75
|
sp gr at 16 °C (min)
|
ASTM D1298
|
0.85–0.90
|
Brookfield absolute visc at 20 °C (max, cP)
|
ASTM D2196
|
250
|
Flash point (min, °C)
|
ASTM D93
|
150
|
A synthetic fluid must comply with 40 CFR 35 and the requirements shown in the following table:
Synthetic Fluids Requirements
|
Quality characteristic
|
Test method
|
Requirement
|
Synthetic fluid content (min, %)
|
--
|
75
|
sp gr at 16 °C (min)
|
ASTM D1298
|
0.85–0.90
|
Brookfield absolute visc at 20 °C (max, cP)
|
ASTM D2196
|
250
|
Flash point (min, °C)
|
ASTM D93
|
140
|
18-1.02B(3) Nonpetroleum-Based Organic Products
A nonpetroleum-based organic dust suppressant must be lignosulfonate, plant oil, or tall oil pitch rosin.
A lignosulfonate must comply with the requirements shown in the following table:
Lignosulfonate Requirements
|
Quality characteristic
|
Test method
|
Requirement
|
Lignin sulfonate content ready to use (min, %)
|
ASTM D4900
|
25
|
Residue total solids content (min %)
|
ASTM D4903 or D2834
|
52
|
Lignin sulfonate content of residue (min, %)
|
--
|
50
|
Reducing sugars content of residue (min, %)
|
ASTM D5896 or D6406
|
25
|
pH
|
ASTM D1293
|
6.0–9.0
|
sp gr (min)
|
ASTM D1429
|
1.20
|
Brookfield absolute visc at 25 °C (max, cP)
|
ASTM D2196
|
1,000
|
A plant oil must comply with the requirements shown in the following table:
Plant Oil Requirements
|
Quality characteristic
|
Test method
|
Requirement
|
Residue active solids content (min, %)
|
ASTM D4903
|
50
|
sp gr (min)
|
ASTM D1429
|
0.93
|
Brookfield absolute visc 25 °C (cP)
|
ASTM D2196
|
50–200
|
Flash point (min, °C)
|
ASTM D93
|
288
|
A tall oil pitch rosin must comply with the requirements shown in the following table:
Tall Oil Pitch Rosin Requirements
|
Quality characteristic
|
Test method
|
Requirement
|
Rosin acid content (min, %)
|
ASTM D1240
|
10
|
Residue active solids content (min, %)
|
ASTM D2834
|
45
|
pH
|
ASTM D1293
|
3.0–9.0
|
sp gr (min)
|
ASTM D1429
|
1.00
|
Brookfield absolute visc at 25 °C (cP)
|
ASTM D2196
|
50–200
|
18-1.02B(4) Hygroscopic Products
A hygroscopic dust suppressant must be calcium chloride, calcium chloride flake, or magnesium chloride.
Calcium chloride must comply with the requirements shown in the following table:
Calcium Chloridea Requirements
|
Quality characteristic
|
Test method
|
Requirement
|
Calcium chloride content (%)
|
ASTM E449
|
28–42
|
Total magnesium chloride (max, %)
|
ASTM E449
|
6.0
|
Total alkali chlorides as sodium chloride (max, %)
|
ASTM E449
|
6.0
|
Calcium hydroxide content (max, %)
|
ASTM E449
|
0.2
|
pH with 5 percent solution
|
ASTM D1293
|
7.0–9.0
|
sp gr
|
ASTM D1429
|
1.28–1.44
|
aASTM D98 or AASHTO M144
|
Calcium chloride flake must comply with the requirements shown in the following table:
Calcium Chloride Flakea Requirements
|
Quality characteristic
|
Test method
|
Requirement
|
Calcium chloride content (min, %)
|
ASTM E449
|
75
|
Total magnesium as MgCl2 (max, %)
|
ASTM E449
|
6.0
|
Total alkali chlorides as sodium chloride (max, %)
|
ASTM E449
|
6.0
|
Calcium hydroxide content (max, %)
|
ASTM E449
|
0.2
|
pH with 5 percent solution
|
ASTM D1293
|
7.0–9.0
|
Gradation percent passing
|
ASTM C136
|
|
3/8–inch sieve
|
100
|
No. 4 sieve
|
80–100
|
No. 30 sieve
|
0–5
|
aASTM D98 or AASHTO M144
|
Magnesium chloride must comply with the requirements shown in the following table:
Magnesium Chloride Requirements
|
Quality characteristic
|
Test method
|
Requirement
|
Magnesium chloride content (%)
|
ASTM D4691 or ASTM D511a
|
28–33
|
Sulfate content as magnesium sulfate (max, %)
|
ASTM D4691a
|
4.0
|
Potassium content as potassium chloride (max, %)
|
ASTM E449
|
0.5
|
Sodium chloride content (max, %)
|
ASTM E449
|
1.0
|
pH with 5% solution
|
ASTM D1293
|
7.0–9.0
|
sp gr
|
ASTM D1429
|
1.31 ± 0.02
|
aYou may use another appropriate atomic absorption spectrophotometry method such as that in Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Waste Water by APHA-AWWA-WPCF.
|
18-1.02B(5) Synthetic Polymer Emulsions
A synthetic polymer emulsion must comply with the requirements shown in the following table:
Synthetic Polymer Emulsion Requirements
|
Quality characteristic
|
Test method
|
Requirement
|
Residue active solids content (min, %)
|
ASTM D2834
|
40
|
pH
|
ASTM D1429
|
4.0–9.5
|
sp gr at 16 °C
|
ASTM D1298
|
1.00–1.15
|
Brookfield absolute visc (max, cP)
|
ASTM D2196
|
1,000
|
Polymer film tensile strength – dry (psi)
|
ASTM D412
|
500
|
Retained coagulum on no. 100 sieve (max, %)
|
ASTM D1417
|
0.1
|
Ash content (max, %)
|
ASTM D5040
|
2
|
A dust control binder must comply with the specifications for a tackifier in section 21-2.02E except section 21-2.01 does not apply.
Fibers must comply with section 21-2.02D except section 21-2.01 does not apply.
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