Report itu-r bt. 2053-2 (11/2009) L
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- 4.4 MPEG-2 CODEC for 8k format LSDI
- 1 Introduction
4.3 MPEG-2 CODECs systemNTT has developed real-time MPEG-2 CODEC, which can offer four times the resolution of conventional HDTV (2 160 pixels high 3 840 pixels wide) and 30 fps frame rate [Nakamura, K., Yoshitome, T. and Yashima, Y., 2004]. It consists of several single-unit MPEG-2 HDTV CODEC and a multi-channel frame synchronizer, which can reconfigure their motion pictures of each CODEC for use in LSDI applications. In order to compress large images that exceed the resolution of HDTV, it was conventionally necessary to divide up and process the images in HDTV units. However, a number of serious difficulties were encountered in the information exchange between encoders, which resulted in quality variations in some images. This newly developed cooperative rate control technology enables real-time exchanges of information between encoders, thus preventing variations in image quality and achieving even better pictures. This CODEC system adopts the spatial image division and multi-stream output approach (Fig. 28). In spatial image division, the input image is divided into multiple sub-images and the encoder modules encode them in parallel. This approach is reasonable in terms of cost performance and scalability for LSDI CODEC system. Spatial image division can use either a one-stream output system, in which the sub-streams generated by the encoder modules are reconstructed into one elementary stream, or a multiple-stream output system, where several HDTV streams generated by the encoder modules are output directly in parallel or multiplexed into one transport stream.
Using this CODEC technology, the semi-final game of the 2002 FIFA World Cup Soccer tournament was transmitted to Yamashita Park in Yokohama city as a public viewing event (see Fig. 30). 4.4 MPEG-2 CODEC for 8k format LSDIAn MPEG-2 CODEC has been developed for efficient transmission and recording of a 7 680 4 320 (8K) format LSDI. The CODEC system consists of a video format converter, a video CODEC, an audio codec, and a TS recorder, as depicted in Fig. 29. The video format converter converts the 7 680 4 320 format images from/into those used in the current baseband system described in this Chapter into/from those used in the video CODEC. The video CODEC handles a 7 680 4 320 format by dividing it into sixteen 1 920 1 080/30 PsF images. The system has been developed based on the technology of the CODEC for a 3 840 2 160 format described in this Chapter. The audio CODEC includes non-compression PCM and Dolby-E with a compression ratio of 1:4. It handles 24 channels of audio signals and thus can be applied to the 22.2 multichannel sound system for LSDI application described in Chapter 6 of this Part. The coded audio and video signals are multiplexed into four MPEG-2 TS (DVB-ASI) signals for an external interface. A TS recording device has also been developed. Major specifications of the system are listed in Table 7. A photograph of an experiment on using the CODEC is shown in Fig. 30. FIGURE 31 Schematic diagram of CODEC system TABLE 7
Specifications of CODEC
FIGURE 32 View of CODEC References FUJII, T. et al. [2003] Digital cinema system using JPEG2000 movie of 8 million pixel resolution. Proc. SPIE/IS&T, Vol. 5022, 5 022, p. 50-57. MARPE, D., SCHWARZ, H. and WIEGAND, T. [July 2003] Context-adaptive binary arithmetic coding in the H.264/AVC video compression standard. IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol., Vol. 13, p. 620-636. NAKAMURA, K., YOSHITOME, T. and YASHIMA, Y. [2004] Super high resolution video codec system with multiple MPEG 2 HDTV CODEC LSI’s. Proc. IEEE ISCAS VSPC-L4.3. WIEGAND, T. et al. [July 2003] Overview of the H.264/AVC video coding standard. IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol., Vol. 13, p. 560-576. Chapter 6 Multichannel sound technologies 1 IntroductionVarious multichannel sound systems are in use in cinema theatres, broadcast systems and home audio systems or under development. Each multichannel sound system should have consistency in the number of channels from the production stage to the reproduction stage to maintain the spatial audio quality. Recommendation ITU R BS.775-1 for the multichannel sound system with and without an accompanying picture. The conventional multichannel sound system description is “x.n” where x is the total number of loudspeakers (channels) and n is the number of low frequency effects (LFEs) loudspeakers (channels). However, different multichannel sound systems with the same description exist. Thus, the description of multichannel sound system as “x/y/z.n” has been proposed to Radiocommunication SG 6. Here, x is the number of loudspeakers (channels) set on the floor, y is the number of loudspeakers (channels) set at the listener’s height or half height of the accompanying screen, z is the number of loudspeakers (channels) which set above the listeners (at ceiling level), and n is the number of LFE loudspeakers (channels). Table 8 shows multichannel sound systems for a theatrical environment with a large picture currently in use. TABLE 8
Multichannel sound systems for a theatrical environment with a large picture currently in use
Table 9 shows multichannel sound systems for a theatrical environment with a large picture currently in use in very few installations or currently under study. TABLE 9 Multichannel sound systems for a theatrical environment with a large picture currently in use or under study
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