IETF mobility related terminology for mobility

6 IETF mobility related terminology for mobility

According to the IETF [Manner and Kojo, 2003], multiple architectural options should be supported for mobility management. It takes the following view regarding mobility management in IP-based mobile networks:

Different sorts of mobility management may be required of a mobile system. We can differentiate between user, personal, host and network mobility.
User mobility

Refers to the ability of a user to access services from different physical hosts. This usually means the user has an account on these different hosts or that a host does not restrict users from using the host to access services.

Complements user mobility with the ability to track the user’s location and provide the user’s current location to allow sessions to be initiated by and towards the user by anyone on any other network. Personal mobility is also concerned with enabling associated security, billing and service subscription authorization made between administrative domains.

Refers to the function of allowing a mobile host to change its point of attachment to the network, without interrupting IP packet delivery to/from that host. There may be different sub-functions depending on what the current level of service is being provided; in particular, support for host mobility usually implies active and idle modes of operation, depending on whether the host has any current sessions or not. Access network procedures are required to keep track of the current point of attachment of all the MNs or establish it at will. Accurate location and routing procedures are required in order to maintain the integrity of the communication. Host mobility is often called “terminal mobility”.

Network mobility occurs when an entire network changes its point of attachment to the Internet and, thus, its reachability in the topology, which is referred to as a mobile network. Two subcategories of mobility can be identified within either host mobility and network mobility:

Same as macro mobility.

Same as micro mobility.

Mobility over a large area. This includes mobility support and associated address registration procedures that are needed when a mobile host moves between IP domains. Inter-AN handovers typically involve macro-mobility protocols. Mobile-IP can be seen as a means to provide macro mobility.

Mobility over a small area. Usually this means mobility within an IP domain with an emphasis on support for active mode using handover, although it may include idle mode procedures also. Micro-mobility protocols exploit the locality of movement by confining movement related changes and signalling to the access network.

Local mobility management (LMM) is a generic term for protocols dealing with IP mobility management confined within the access network. LMM messages are not routed outside the access network, although a handover may trigger Mobile IP messages to be sent to correspondent nodes and home agents.

7 References

INOUE, M., WU, G., MAHMUD, K., MURAKAMI, H. and HASEGAWA, M. [September 2002] Development of MIRAI System for Heterogeneous Wireless Networks. PMRC02, Lisbon, Portugal.

MAHMUD, K., WU, G., INOUE, M. and MIZUNO, M. [September 2002] Basic Access Network – the Signalling-only Network for Power-Efficient Mobile Multi-service Terminals in MIRAI Architecture. IEEE VTC Fall 2002, Vancouver, Canada.

MANNER, J. and KOJO, M. (Eds.) [April 2003] Internet Engineering Task Force Internet-Draft, Mobility Related Terminology.

WU, G., HAVINGA, P. and MIZUNO, M. [February 2002] MIRAI Architecture for Heterogeneous Network. IEEE Comm. Mag., p. 126 134.

Annex 9

IP broadband wireless access technologies

1 Introduction

Ever-increasing demands for mobile communications require the continual evolution of systems, and development of new systems where required, for multimedia applications such as high speed data, IP-packet and video. The addition of a new IP broadband wireless access standard to the IMT 2000 family, offering unprecedented bandwidths and transparent access to all the content of the Internet and any content, public or private, based on the IP, could become a powerful element to consolidate the growth of the wireless industry.

In order to identify and to clarify this new concept Fig. 31 is used as a reference:

Figure 31 describes mobile systems with respect to two basic parameters, mobility and transmission rate, and proposes that there will be an expansion of the capabilities of mobile systems simultaneously towards both high mobility and high data rates. This dual evolution may be somewhat paradoxical, at least from a purely technological standpoint, as may have been recognized by the dotted line of the Figure, which may be understood as a trade-off or trend-line. In addition, a more detailed description of the possible evolution would include additional parameters such as the inclusion of more spectrally efficient technologies (such as adaptive antennas) in the present or planned mobile systems. However, even with significant development of technology, for fundamental physical reasons, it can be safely stated that:

a) high mobility,

b) high spectral efficiency,

c) high transmission rates cannot be efficiently or economically combined within a single system.

Thus, it may perhaps be a misconstruction to derive from Fig. 31 above that a single air-interface should cover the whole envelope of parameters a), b), and c) above, not to mention the added complexity of backward compatibility with various legacy switched-circuit systems.

This leads then naturally to the concept of optimized air-interface modules to serve market niches or rather markets spheres: One could then anticipate products that are designed to respond optimally to specific user profiles, defined broadly enough across substantial geographical markets, and incorporating specific subsets of these modules.

This modular approach would be in line with the current technological development of multi-standard/multimode terminals and with SDRs concepts. Nonetheless, there will continue to be implementation and integration issues.

This Report proposes expanding the performance of core IMT 2000 systems simultaneously toward higher bandwidth and higher mobility is best achieved through the concept of air interface modules to serve specific market segments, which can be adopted within the IMT 2000 family of standards.

Directory: dms pub -> itu-r -> opb -> rep
rep -> Report itu-r m. 2243 (11/2011)
rep -> Report itu-r bt. 2053-2 (11/2009) L
rep -> Report itu-r sa. 2312-0 (09/2014)
rep -> Report itu-r
rep -> Report itu-r sm. 2179 (09/2010) Short-range radiocommunication devices measurements
rep -> Report itu-r
rep -> Report itu-r rs. 2194 (10/2010)
rep -> Report itu-r rs. 2165 (09/2009)
rep -> Rep. Itu-r bs. 2104

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