Report itu-r m. 2038 Technology trends
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- 1 Introduction This Annex describes a generic RoF system as defined in § 3.2.5, and identifies RoF requirements and functional specifications. 2 RoF system description
- 2.1 BTS repeater definition
- 2.2 Optical network definition
- 2.5 Group cell architecture
- 3 RoF requirements and functional specifications
- 3.2 Input/output performance
- 3.4 Management functions
4 ConclusionThis Report provides the elements of definition for a typical example that, with due market considerations to justify the development of new IMT 2000 wireless access standards. The addition of a new IP broadband wireless access standard to the IMT 2000 family, offering unprecedented bandwidths and transparent access to all the content of the Internet and any content, public or private, based on the IP, could become a powerful element to consolidate the growth of the wireless industry. In line with the needs of developing countries as identified in Question ITU R 77/8 this Report should be considered as the basis for the development of a preliminary draft new Recommendation for the development of new IMT 2000 wireless access standards. Annex 10 Radio on fibre (RoF) 1 IntroductionThis Annex describes a generic RoF system as defined in § 3.2.5, and identifies RoF requirements and functional specifications. 2 RoF system descriptionThe RoF system consists of the following elements: BTS repeater(s), optical network, antenna repeater(s), and control module. The system with its interfaces is represented in Fig. 33. A simplified schematic representation is also shown as an illustrating example in Fig. 34. 
2.1 BTS repeater definitionThe BTS repeater adapts the BTS RF interface to the optical network interface, network side. In the simple version depicted in Fig. 34, an RF carrier coming from the BTS modulates the intensity of an optical transmitter whose output is fed into an optical fibre (downlink). Correspondingly, another optical signal, intensity modulated by an uplink RF carrier, is received from another fibre and fed into an optical receiver, whose amplified output is injected into the BTS receiver port. 2.2 Optical network definitionThe optical network is passive, unless explicitly stated otherwise. It connects the BTS repeaters housed in one common room with the antenna repeaters, through their corresponding optical network interfaces. Besides one or several optical fibres, it might include connectors, splitters, wavelength division multiplexers and demultiplexers and, in general, any passive optical device. In the simple version depicted in Fig. 34, it is a set of two optical fibres, for downlink and uplink transmission, respectively, connecting one BTS repeater to one antenna repeater. 2.3 Antenna repeaterThe antenna repeater adapts the optical network interface, antenna side, to the transmission and receiving antennas. In the simple version depicted in Fig. 34, an optical carrier, intensity modulated by a downlink RF carrier, is fed into an optical receiver, whose output is filtered, amplified and injected into a transmission antenna. In the uplink path, the RF signals coming from the receiving antenna are filtered, amplified and fed into the intensity modulation port of an optical transmitter, whose output is in turn fed to an uplink optical fibre. 2.4 Control moduleThis is a logical entity, which can also be a physical module or have its functionality embedded in the BTS repeater. There is one control module per RoF system. Its mission is to provide a control interface to an external management system. Communications with the management system can be performed by means of the same wireless system, or through a wireline connection. 2.5 Group cell architectureRoF group cell architecture shown in Fig. 35 is very effective for street-cell or hotspot cell, since handover between cells under the same BTS is not required. Therefore, high mobility of user’s terminal might be achieved in the cells under the same BTS shown in [Fujise, 2001; Harada et al., 2001]. 
3 RoF requirements and functional specifications3.1 Transport capacityFor a given wireless system, the transport capacity of a RoF system is defined in terms of the following parameters: Number of bidirectional RF carriers it can transport. Number of antenna repeaters it can service simultaneously. Number of RF carriers per repeater. Downlink broadcast capability, or number of antenna repeaters which can radiate the same RF carrier.
Downlink and uplink power gain. - Degradation parameters like uplink equivalent noise figure, frequency/phase error, intermodulation characteristics, etc.
3.3 Optical plant Maximum optical plant insertion loss. Maximum optical path length. Additionally, every RoF system sets a requirement on the maximum optical plant return losses, which depend on the optical transport technique and wireless system characteristics.
4 ReferencesFUJISE, M. [August 2001] Radio over Fiber Transmission Technology for ITS and Mobile Communications. IEICE Trans. Fundamentals, Vol. E84, 8, p. 1808-1814. HARADA, H., SATO, K. and FUJISE, M. [December 2001] A Radio-on-Fiber Based Millimeter-Wave Road-Vehicle Communication System by a Code Division Multiplexing Radio Transmission Scheme. IEEE Trans. on Intelligent Transportation Systems, Vol. 2, 4, p. 165-179. Annex 11 Terminal architecture In IMT 2000 the combination and convergence of the different worlds of information technology (IT) industry, media industry and telecommunications will integrate communication with IT. As a result, mobile communications together with IT will penetrate into the various fields of the society. The user expectations are increasing with regard to a large variety of services and applications with different degree of QoS, which is related to delay, data rate and bit error requirements. In particular users will expect from their mobile platforms not only the same breadth and depth of applications and capabilities that they currently enjoy on their PC platforms, but they will expect the same “Moore’s Law” rate of advancement of new applications and capabilities. Therefore from the user’s perspective, IMT 2000 and systems beyond IMT 2000 represent a fundamental change in expectation. Rather than merely expecting a “new and improved” but “static” collection of applications and services; the user will have an expectation of a dynamic, continuing stream of new applications, capabilities and services. Such a continuing stream will flow from a healthy ecosystem of general-purpose programmable platforms supported by a large, robust, and vibrant developer community.
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