Research project : dr jon patricios (Concussion in rugby playing children)
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Publication Type Comparative Study. Journal Article. Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't. Result <37> Unique Identifier 10421003 Status
MEDLINE Authors
Hinton-Bayre AD. Geffen GM. Geffen LB. McFarland KA. Friis P. Authors Full Name Hinton-Bayre, A D. Geffen, G M. Geffen, L B. McFarland, K A. Friis, P. Institution School of Psychology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia. anton@psy.uq.edu.au Title
Concussion in contact sports: reliable change indices of impairment and recovery. Source
Journal of Clinical & Experimental Neuropsychology: Official Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society. 21(1):70-86, 1999 Feb. Abstract
This paper reports a follow-up study to an article on the sensitivity of three tests of speed of information processing to impairment after concussion (Hinton-Bayre, Geffen, & McFarland, 1997). Group analyses showed that practice effects can obscure the effects of concussion on information processing, thereby making the assessment of functional impairment and recovery after injury unreliable. A Reliable Change Index (RCI) was used to assess individual variations following concussion. It was found that 16 of the 20 concussed professional rugby league players were impaired 1-3 days following injury. It was also demonstrated that 7 players still displayed cognitive deficits at 1-2 weeks, before returning to preseason levels at 3-5 weeks. The RCI permits comparisons between different tests, players, and repeated assessments, thereby providing a quantitative basis for decisions regarding return to play. Publication Type Journal Article.
Unique Identifier 15712501 Status
MEDLINE Authors
Braham R. Finch CF. McCrory P. Authors Full Name Braham, R. Finch, C F. McCrory, P. Institution Sports Injury Prevention Research Unit, Monash University, Victoria, Australia. Title
The incidence of head/neck/orofacial injuries in non-elite Australian football. Source
Journal of Science & Medicine in Sport. 7(4):451-3, 2004 Dec. Abstract
Injuries to the head/neck/orofacial region are common in contact and collision sports such as Australian Football. A total of 294 players who did not wear headgear from 23 teams from a large metropolitan community football league in Victoria, Australia, were monitored for head/neck/orofacial injuries over one playing season. This short report describes the incidence of head/neck/orofacial injuries in this cohort. Overall, there were 37 head/neck/orofacial injuries reported at a rate of 2.6 injuries/1000 participation hours. Over 70% of these were the result of being struck by another player through inadvertent contact during competitive play. Facial lacerations were most common (0.97/1000 player hours), followed by concussion (0.49/1000 player hours). Nine of the cases were referred to hospital for further treatment. Publication Type Journal Article. Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't.
Unique Identifier 15518305 Status
MEDLINE Authors
Hinton-Bayre AD. Geffen G. Friis P. Authors Full Name Hinton-Bayre, A D. Geffen, G. Friis, P. Institution Cognitive Psychophysiology Laboratory, The University of Queensland, Australia. Title
Presentation and mechanisms of concussion in professional Rugby League Football. Source
Journal of Science & Medicine in Sport. 7(3):400-4, 2004 Sep. Abstract
The present study prospectively recorded the circumstances, incidence, mechanisms, injury detection and presentation of concussion in Rugby League. Forty-three consecutive concussions were recorded over three competitive seasons in 175 professional Rugby League players. Data showed (i) the incidence of concussion ranged from 5.9 to 9.8 injuries/1000 player hours across grades - except when age-group players were mismatched (18.4): (ii) 'head-high tackles' accounted for a significant number of concussions; (iii) concussion rarely involved a loss of consciousness with the most common indicators of concussion being amnesia, headache and unsteadiness, with the mechanism of injury often missed: and (iv) concussion often occurs concurrently with other injuries. Concussion (including repeated episodes) is a common injury in Rugby League. Systematic mental status questioning is warranted whenever concussion is suspected. Coaches, trainers and players need more education in the rec! ognition and management of concussion. Stricter penalties for illegal 'head-high' tackling are strongly recommended. Publication Type Journal Article. Result <40> Unique Identifier 15686609 Status
MEDLINE Authors
McCrea M. Barr WB. Guskiewicz K. Randolph C. Marshall SW. Cantu R. Onate JA. Kelly JP. Authors Full Name McCrea, Michael. Barr, William B. Guskiewicz, Kevin. Randolph, Christopher. Marshall, Stephen W. Cantu, Robert. Onate, James A. Kelly, James P. Institution Neuroscience Center, Waukesha Memorial Hospital, Waukesha, WI 53188, USA. mccrea@phci.org Title
Standard regression-based methods for measuring recovery after sport-related concussion.[see comment]. Comments
Comment in: J Int Neuropsychol Soc. 2005 Oct;11(6):788-9; PMID: 16248915 Source
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society. 11(1):58-69, 2005 Jan. Abstract
Clinical decision making about an athlete's return to competition after concussion is hampered by a lack of systematic methods to measure recovery. We applied standard regression-based methods to statistically measure individual rates of impairment at several time points after concussion in college football players. Postconcussive symptoms, cognitive functioning, and balance were assessed in 94 players with concussion (based on American Academy of Neurology Criteria) and 56 noninjured controls during preseason baseline testing, and immediately, 3 hr, and 1, 2, 3, 5, and 7 days postinjury. Ninety-five percent of injured players exhibited acute concussion symptoms and impairment on cognitive or balance testing immediately after injury, which diminished to 4% who reported elevated symptoms on postinjury day 7. In addition, a small but clinically significant percentage of players who reported being symptom free by day 2 continued to be classified as impaired on the basis of ob! jective balance and cognitive testing. These data suggest that neuropsychological testing may be of incremental utility to subjective symptom checklists in identifying the residual effects of sport-related concussion. The implementation of neuropsychological testing to detect subtle cognitive impairment is most useful once postconcussive symptoms have resolved. This management model is also supported by practical and other methodological considerations. Publication Type Journal Article. Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't. Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.. Result <41> Unique Identifier 11575591 Status
MEDLINE Authors
Barr WB. McCrea M. Authors Full Name Barr, W B. McCrea, M. Institution Department of Neurology, New York University Medical Center, New York 10016, USA. william.barr@med.nyu.edu Title
Sensitivity and specificity of standardized neurocognitive testing immediately following sports concussion.[erratum appears in J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2002 Mar;8(3):481]. Source
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society. 7(6):693-702, 2001 Sep. Abstract
Neuropsychology, with its emphasis on standardized and empirically based methods, has made a number of scientific contributions to address growing concerns about concussions resulting from sports injuries. This study employs a test-retest paradigm to determine the immediate effects of concussion in high-school and college athletes. The Standardized Assessment of Concussion (SAC) was administered to 1,313 male athletes prior to the beginning of the competitive season. Reliable change indices and multiple regression models were computed on retest scores obtained from 68 noninjured athletes who were readministered the SAC at either 60 or 120 days following baseline testing. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were used to test these models with data obtained on 50 athletes tested immediately following concussion. The results indicate that a decline of I point on the SAC at retesting classified injured and noninjured participants with a level of 94% sensitiv! ity and 76% specificity. The RCI and multiple regression models provided comparable levels of group classification, but provided cut-offs that are conservative for use with this population. The results support and extend previous research findings indicating that the SAC is a valid instrument for detecting the immediate effects of mild traumatic brain injury. Publication Type Journal Article. Validation Studies. Result <42> Unique Identifier 10823540 Status
MEDLINE Authors
Naunheim RS. Standeven J. Richter C. Lewis LM. Authors Full Name Naunheim, R S. Standeven, J. Richter, C. Lewis, L M. Institution Injury Prevention Center, Division of Emergency Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA. naunheim@slu.edu Title
Comparison of impact data in hockey, football, and soccer. Source
Journal of Trauma-Injury Infection & Critical Care. 48(5):938-41, 2000 May. Abstract
PURPOSE: To compare accelerational forces to the head in high school-level football, hockey, and soccer athletes. METHODS: Acceleration of impact was measured within the helmet of high school hockey and football players during actual game play. A triaxial accelerometer was placed at the vertex of the helmet immediately adjacent to the players head. Peak acceleration (in g's) was measured and the Gadd Severity Index and Head Injury Criterion score calculated during actual play periods in several games over four seasons. We also recorded acceleration of head impacts in high school-level soccer players who headed a soccer ball while equipped with a football helmet instrumented identically to the helmet used to record during football games. RESULTS: Peak accelerations inside the helmet for football averaged 29.2 g compared with 35 g for hockey (p = .004). There were no incidents of concussion or other traumatic brain injury during the recorded periods. In contrast, the peak ac! celerations associated with heading a soccer ball was 54.7 g (p = 2 x 10(-5) vs. hockey). CONCLUSION: Peak accelerations as measured at the surface of the head were 160 to 180% greater from heading a soccer ball than from routine (noninjurious) impacts during hockey or football, respectively. The effect of cumulative impacts at this level may lead to neurologic sequelae. Publication Type Comparative Study. Journal Article. Result <43> Unique Identifier 19127196 Status
MEDLINE Authors
McIntosh AS. McCrory P. Finch CF. Best JP. Chalmers DJ. Wolfe R. Authors Full Name McIntosh, Andrew S. McCrory, Paul. Finch, Caroline F. Best, John P. Chalmers, David J. Wolfe, Rory. Institution School of Risk and Safety Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia. a.mcintosh@unsw.edu.au Title
Does padded headgear prevent head injury in rugby union football?. Source
Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. 41(2):306-13, 2009 Feb. Abstract
BACKGROUND: Concussion is a serious problem in many contact sports, including rugby union football. The study's primary aim was to measure the efficacy of padded headgear in reducing the rates of head injury or concussion. METHODS: A cluster randomized controlled trial with three arms was conducted with rugby union football teams as the unit of randomization. Teams consisted of males participating in under 13-, 15-, 18-, and 20-yr age group competitions. The interventions were "standard" and "modified" padded headgear. Headgear wearing and injury were measured for each study team at each game over two seasons. RESULTS: Eighty-two teams participated in year 1 and 87 in year 2. A total of 1493 participants (10,040 player hours) were in the control group, 1128 participants (8170 player hours) were assigned to the standard headgear group, and 1474 participants (10,650 player hours) were assigned to the modified headgear group. The compliance rates were low in all groups, but 4! 6% of participants wore standard headgear. An intention-to-treat analysis showed no differences in the rates of head injury or concussion between controls and headgear arms. Incidence rate ratios for standard headgear wearers referenced to controls were 0.95 and 1.02 for game and missed game injuries. Analyses of injury rates based on observed wearing patterns also showed no significant differences. Incidence rate ratios for standard headgear wearers referenced to nonwearers were 1.11 and 1.10 for game and missed game injuries. CONCLUSIONS: Padded headgear does not reduce the rate of head injury or concussion. The low compliance rates are a limitation. Although individuals may choose to wear padded headgear, the routine or mandatory use of protective headgear cannot be recommended. Publication Type Journal Article. Randomized Controlled Trial. Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't. Result <44> Unique Identifier 17545878 Status
MEDLINE Authors
Guskiewicz KM. Marshall SW. Bailes J. McCrea M. Harding HP Jr. Matthews A. Mihalik JR. Cantu RC. Authors Full Name Guskiewicz, Kevin M. Marshall, Stephen W. Bailes, Julian. McCrea, Michael. Harding, Herndon P Jr. Matthews, Amy. Mihalik, Johna Register. Cantu, Robert C. Institution Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-8700, and Neuroscience Center, Waukesha Memorial Hospital, Waukesha, WI, USA. gus@email.unc.edu Title
Recurrent concussion and risk of depression in retired professional football players. Source
Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. 39(6):903-9, 2007 Jun. Abstract
PURPOSE: The purpose of our study was to investigate the association between prior head injury and the likelihood of being diagnosed with clinical depression among retired professional football players with prior head injury exposure. METHODS: A general health questionnaire, including information about prior injuries, the SF-36 (Short Form 36), and other markers for depression, was completed by 2552 retired professional football players with an average age of 53.8 (+/-13.4) yr and an average professional football-playing career of 6.6 (+/-3.6) yr. A second questionnaire focusing on mild cognitive impairment (MCI)-related issues was completed by a subset of 758 retired professional football players (50 yr and older). RESULTS: Two hundred sixty-nine (11.1%) of all respondents reported having prior or current diagnosis of clinical depression. There was an association between recurrent concussion and diagnosis of lifetime depression (chi2=71.21, df=2, P<0.005), suggesting that! the prevalence increases with increasing concussion history. Compared with retired players with no history of concussion, retired players reporting three or more previous concussions (24.4%) were three times more likely to be diagnosed with depression; those with a history of one or two previous concussions (36.3%) were 1.5 times more likely to be diagnosed with depression. The analyses controlled for age, number of years since retirement, number of years played, physical component score on the SF-36, and diagnosed comorbidities such as osteoarthritis, coronary heart disease, stroke, cancer, and diabetes. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest a possible link between recurrent sport-related concussion and increased risk of clinical depression. The findings emphasize the importance of understanding potential neurological consequences of recurrent concussion. Publication Type Journal Article. Result <45> Unique Identifier 11079509 Status
MEDLINE Authors
Sallis RE. Jones K. Authors Full Name Sallis, R E. Jones, K. Institution Department of Family Medicine, Kaiser Permanente Medical Center, Fontana, CA, USA. robert.e.sallis@kp.org Title
Prevalence of headaches in football players. Source
Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. 32(11):1820-4, 2000 Nov. Abstract
BACKGROUND: Football coaches and team physicians rely heavily on players' reports of symptoms in deciding whether a player may return to the game after sustaining head trauma. The decision is made difficult by the wide variety of associated symptoms, some of which (e.g., headache is among the most common) may or may not be associated with serious head injury. More information is needed about the clinical significance of football-related headache. METHODS: To assess the frequency of headache associated with playing football, we analyzed responses to our questionnaire asking about incidence, frequency, and outcome of football-related headache from 443 football players (320 from college, 123 from high school). RESULTS: Eighty-five percent of respondents reported previous headache related to hitting in football. Asked specifically about their most recent game, 21% of respondents reported having had headache during that game. Of players who had headache, only 19% informed the t! eam physician, trainer, or coach, and only 6% were removed from the game. Twenty-seven percent of respondents reported previous diagnosis of cerebral concussion by medical personnel. Defensive backs (25%), defensive linemen (19%), and offensive linemen (18%) were most likely to have headache, related to hitting. CONCLUSIONS: Our data confirm that posttraumatic headache is commonly associated with football participation and often goes unreported. Given that the most serious complications of head injuries (e.g., second-impact syndrome) occur infrequently, headache as an isolated symptom lacks specificity in predicting such complications in football players. Therefore, unless it persists or is accompanied by additional symptoms, headache alone may not reliably suggest the need to remove players from the game. Publication Type Journal Article. Result <46> Unique Identifier 16247264 Status
MEDLINE Authors
McIntosh AS. Authors Full Name McIntosh, Andrew S. Institution School of Safety Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia. a.mcintosh@unsw.edu.au Title
Rugby injuries. [Review] [46 refs] Source
Medicine & Sport Science. 49:120-39, 2005. Abstract
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this chapter is to review critically the existing studies on the epidemiology of pediatric rugby injuries and discuss suggestions for injury prevention and further research. DATA SOURCES: Data were sourced from the sports medicine and science literature mainly since 1990, and from a prospective injury surveillance project in rugby undertaken by the University of New South Wales (UNSW) in Sydney during 2002. Literature searches were performed using Medline and SportsDiscus. MAIN RESULTS: Reported injury rates were between 7 and 18 injuries per 1,000 hours played, with the rate of injuries resulting in loss of playing or training time measured at 6.5-10.6 per 1,000 hours played. Injury rates increased with age and level of qualification. Head injury and concussion accounted for 10-40% of all injuries. In the UNSW study, concussion accounted for 25% of injuries resulting in loss of playing or training time in the under 13 year age group. Upper and l! ower extremity injuries were equally apportioned, with musculoskeletal injuries being the main type of injury. Fractures were observed in the upper extremity and ankle, and joint/ligament injuries affected the shoulder, knee and ankle. The tackle was associated with around 50% of all injuries. The scrum produced fewer injuries, but is historically associated with spinal cord injury. CONCLUSIONS: Rugby is a contact sport with injury risks related to physical contact, primarily in the tackle. Most injuries affect the musculoskeletal system, with the exception of concussion. Spinal cord injury is rare, but catastrophic. Research is required to understand better injury risks and to reduce the incidence of shoulder, knee and ankle joint injuries, concussion and spinal injury. [References: 46] Publication Type Journal Article. Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't. Review. Result <47> Unique Identifier 9065531 Status
MEDLINE Authors
McCrea M. Kelly JP. Kluge J. Ackley B. Randolph C. Authors Full Name McCrea, M. Kelly, J P. Kluge, J. Ackley, B. Randolph, C. Institution Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, IL 60602, USA. Title
Standardized assessment of concussion in football players. Source
Neurology. 48(3):586-8, 1997 Mar. Abstract
The recent formulation of guidelines for the management of concussion in sports adopted by the American Academy of Neurology specifically calls for the development of a standardized, systematic sideline evaluation for the immediate assessment of concussion in athletes. The present study involved the preliminary investigation of the feasibility and clinical validity of a standardized version of a brief sideline examination complied in accordance with these guidelines. This examination, intended for use by athletic trainers, was administered by three trainers to 141 nonconcussed high school football players at three separate schools. All players suspected of suffering a concussion (N = 6) during the fall 1995 season were also tested immediately following their injury. The examination was easily administered and scored. The concussed players as a group scored significantly below the nonconcussed controls and below their own baseline (pre-injury) performance, despite their all! having been considered by the trainers to have suffered mild, grade 1 concussions. Although preliminary, these data suggest that a standardized sideline examination of this type can be useful in detecting concussion and determining fitness to return to play. Publication Type Comparative Study. Journal Article. Result <48> Unique Identifier 10456800 Status
MEDLINE Authors
Daniel JC. Olesniewicz MH. Reeves DL. Tam D. Bleiberg J. Thatcher R. Salazar A. Authors Full Name Daniel, J C. Olesniewicz, M H. Reeves, D L. Tam, D. Bleiberg, J. Thatcher, R. Salazar, A. Institution Adolescent Medicine Division, Department of Pediatrics, Naval Medical Center, San Diego, CA 92134-5000, USA. wmacal@snd10.med.navy.mil Title
Repeated measures of cognitive processing efficiency in adolescent athletes: implications for monitoring recovery from concussion. Source
Neuropsychiatry, Neuropsychology, & Behavioral Neurology. 12(3):167-9, 1999 Jul. Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to determine whether an adolescent athlete, in the absence of concussion, would be expected to show an improvement in cognitive function during the course of a high school football season. BACKGROUND: At least 60,000 American high school football players suffer cerebral concussion every year, and symptoms may persist for 4 or more years in as many as 24%. METHOD: 34 members of a cohort of healthy athletes, aged 13-18, were administered a computerized neuropsychologic test battery from the Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics (ANAM) before and after the 1997 high school football season, with a mean interval of 16.1 (range 12.3-20.4) weeks between tests. Preseason and postseason scores on eight tests were compared, with significance determined by paired t-test. For those tests in which an improvement was noted, one-way analysis of variance and Wilcoxon tests were used with both preseason and postseason data to determine i! f there was a measurable difference in cognitive processing efficiency between older and younger subjects. RESULTS: Improvements in processing efficiency (p < 0.001) were noted on tests designed to measure visual scanning and sustained attention (CDS), immediate recall (CDI), and short-term memory (CDD). Older subjects generally performed better on each of these tests, though the difference was significant in only one case (postseason CDI, 17-18 year olds vs. 13-14 year olds, Wilcoxon, p = 0.043). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that ANAM is sensitive to differences and improvements in cognitive function during a 4 month interval in adolescence. They also suggest that using "return to baseline" cognitive function as the criterion for evidence of recovery from concussion may be insufficient, especially when the baseline measurement was obtained 4 or more months prior to the date of "full recovery." Directory: health health -> A model didactic and clinical substance abuse curriculum developed for schools of nurse anesthesia health -> Curriculum Vitae Tonya Butler-Collins health -> By Health Educator Sylvester Johnson, Ph. D. Applied Physics For personal consultation service, please see health -> Purpose of this report health -> Cause for concern 2015/16 Supplement for wardens and sub-wardens Contents health -> Child sexual exploitation health -> Affordable care act health -> Section 5 Select Hardware and Mobile Device Selection and Security Download 358.25 Kb. Share with your friends:
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