Robert brown high school

1) The presence of which pair of geographic

conditions discouraged the development of a

plantation economy in the New England

colonies?

(1) wide coastal plain and absence of good harbors

(2) rocky soil and short growing season

(3) numerous rivers and humid climate

(4) flatlands and lack of forests

2) Climatic conditions in the southern colonies most directly influenced the development of

(1) democratic institutions

(2) a canal system

(3) the plantation system

(4) the coal industry
3) In which area did good harbors, abundant forests, rocky soil, and a short growing season most

influence the colonial economy?

(1) Southern colonies

(2) Middle Atlantic region

(3) Northwest Territory

(4) New England colonies

4) Farmers in the Ohio River valley gained the

greatest economic benefit when the United

States acquired the

(1) Oregon Territory

(2) Gadsden Purchase

(3) Louisiana Territory

(4) Mexican Cession
5) Since the late 1700s, the Mississippi River has

been a vital waterway because it

(1) divided the northern territories from the

southern territories

(2) allowed American farmers direct access to

Canadian markets

(3) connected the Great Lakes to the Atlantic

Ocean

(4) provided farmers and merchants an outlet to

the Gulf of Mexico

5) During the first half of the 1800s, geographic

factors influenced the economy of New England

by

(1) encouraging the establishment of large

plantations

(2) promoting the growth of trade and

manufacturing

(3) increasing the region’s reliance on slave labor

(4) supporting rice and indigo farming
6) Which geographic factor most helped the United

States maintain its foreign policy of neutrality

during much of the 1800s?

(1) climate of the Great Plains

(2) oceans on its east and west coasts

(3) large network of navigable rivers

(4) mountain ranges near the Atlantic and Pacific

Coasts
7) The best source of information for identifying the location of the major mountain ranges in the United States is:

1. 
   an encyclopedia
   
2. 
   an almanac
   
3. 
   an atlas
   
4. 
   a dictionary
   

8) Which geographic advantage did the United States gain by purchasing the Louisiana Territory from France in 1803?

1. 
   warm-water ports on the Atlantic coast
   
2. 
   rich fishing areas in the Great Lakes
   
3. 
   full control of the Mississippi River
   
4. 
   vast coal reserves in the region west of Pennsylvania
   

9) Which geographic factor had the greatest influence on early patterns of industrialization in the United States?

1. 
   scarcity of flat land on which to build factories
   
2. 
   shortages of timber and coal
   
3. 
   desire of workers to live in mild climates
   
4. 
   availability of waterpower to operate machines
   

10) Which type of map shows the most detailed information about Earth’s natural features, such as rivers, lakes, and mountain ranges?

1. 
   political
   
2. 
   demographic
   
3. 
   weather
   
4. 
   physical
   

11) In the early 1800’s, the need for a water route to help farmers ship their products to market was one reason for the

1. 
   Gadsden Purchase
   
2. 
   Louisiana Purchase
   
3. 
   Mexican Cession
   
4. 
   Missouri Compromise
   

12) Which United States foreign policy action resulted from the close geographic relationship between the United States and Latin America?

1. 
   Monroe Doctrine
   
2. 
   Truman Doctrine
   
3. 
   Marshall Plan
   
4. 
   Open Door policy
   

13) Because of fertile land and a long growing season, plantations in the thirteen colonies developed in

1. 
   New England
   
2. 
   the Middle Atlantic region
   
3. 
   the South
   
4. 
   the upper Mississippi River valley
   

14) In which section of early 19th-century America was the plantation system an important feature?

1. 
   New England
   
2. 
   the Middle Atlantic states
   
3. 
   the South
   
4. 
   the West
   

15) Acquiring New Orleans as part of the Louisiana Purchase was considered important to the development of the Mississippi and Ohio River valleys because the city

1. 
   provided protection from attacks by the Spanish
   
2. 
   provided migrant workers for river valley farms
   
3. 
   served as a port for American agricultural goods
   
4. 
   served as the cultural center for the nation
   

Unit II- Colony to a Nation
Jamestown- First permanent English settlement in 1607 that led to interactions between the colonist and Native Americans.
French & Indian War- 1756- 1763 British challenged the French for the control of the Ohio River Valley. The Native Americans worked with the French against the British.
Who came to the colonies and Why?

Religious Reasons	Political Reasons	Economic Reasons

Origins of the Slave Trade:
Triangle Trade-

Middle Passage-

Plantation System in the Southern Colonies-

Ideas of Democracy

Democracy- is a concept that the government is run by its people. The idea comes from the Ancient Greeks & Romans.
Magna Carta- An English document that limited the powers of the King.
Mayflower Compact- a contract that was signed by the colonist stating they would be governed by the government they created (NOT ENGLAND)
H

ouse of Burgesses- Virginia’s representative law making body, created in 1619.
Albany Plan of Union- Ben Franklins attempt to get colonies to join together in

1754.
Proclamation Line of 1763:

Economic Causes of Revolution


Mercantilism- a belief that a strong nation is built by increasing exports, protecting industries, and establishing colonies.

Fight for Independence & Government

Thomas Paine & Common Sense: Declaration of Independence: Letter to King George stating the conies independence based on natural rights. Natural Rights: Life, Liberty, and Property that was written by Enlightenment writer John Locke Articles of Confederation: 1781-1789 first constitution of the United States that was to WEAK do to the fear of a strong central government. Colonist did not want another KING!! Constitutional Convention: May 1787 “sole purpose was to amend or fix the Articles of Confederation” Government Terms Great Compromise 3/5 Compromise Electoral College Federalist (anti) Ratification Bill of Rights Preamble Federalism Separation of Powers Judicial Executive Legislative

Quiz Unit II

1. In the Colonial Era, developments such as the New England town meetings and the establishment of the Virginia House of Burgesses represented

1. 
   colonial attempts to build a strong national government
   
2. 
   efforts by the British to strengthen their control over the colonies
   
3. 
   steps in the growth of representative democracy
   
4. 
   early social reform movements
   

2. According to the Declaration of Independence, the people have the right to alter or abolish a government if that government

1. 
   is a limited monarchy
   
2. 
   violates natural rights
   
3. 
   becomes involved in entangling alliances
   
4. 
   favors one religion over another
   

3. Which fundamental political idea is expressed in the Declaration of Independence?

1. 
   The government should guarantee every citizen economic security.
   
2. 
   The central government and state governments should have equal power.
   
3. 
   If the government denies its people certain basic rights, that government can be overthrown.
   
4. 
   Rulers derive their right to govern from God and are therefore bound to govern in the nation’s best interest.
   

4. The Mayflower Compact is important to the concept of a democratic society because it represents

1. 
   an effort by the colonists to use force to resist the King
   
2. 
   a clear step toward self-government
   
3. 
   an early attempt to establish universal suffrage
   
4. 
   an attempt by the colonists to establish freedom of religion
   

5. During the Revolutionary War period, Thomas Paine’s Common Sense was important because it

1. 
   described a military plan for the defeat of England
   
2. 
   convinced many Americans who had been undecided to support independence
   
3. 
   contained a detailed outline for a new form of government
   
4. 
   argued for the addition of a bill of rights to the Constitution
   

6. The Virginia House of Burgesses was important to the development of democracy in the thirteen colonies because it

1. 
   provided an example of a representative form of government
   
2. 
   created the first written constitution in America
   
3. 
   provided for direct election of senators
   
4. 
   began the practice of legislative override of executive vetoes
   

7. In the 1780’s, mqany Americans distrusted a strong central government. This distrust is best shown by the

1. 
   lack of debate over the ratification of the United States Constitution
   
2. 
   plan of government set up by the Articles of Confederation
   
3. 
   development of a Federal court system
   
4. 
   constitutional provision for a strong President
   

8. "We hold these truths to be self-evident: That all men are created equal; that they are endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights; that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness;”
This quotation is evidence that some of the basic ideas in the Declaration of Independence were

1. 
   limitations of the principles underlying most European governments of the 1700’s.
   
2. 
   adaptations of the laws of Spanish colonial governments in North America.
   
3. 
   adoptions of rules used by the Holy Roman Empire.
   
4. 
   reflections of the philosophies of the European Enlightenment.
   

9. Which quotation from the United States Constitution provides for a Federal system of government?

1. 
   “He shall have power . . . with the advice and consent of the Senate, . . . and . . . shall appoint . . .“
   
2. 
   “Every bill . . . shall, before it becomes a law, be presented to the President of the United States; . . ."
   
3. 
   “The powers not delegated to the United States . . . are reserved to the states . . .“
   
4. 
   “Full faith and credit shall be given in each state to the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of every other state.”
   

10. The system of checks and balances is best illustrated by the power of

1. 
   the President to veto a bill passed by Congress
   
2. 
   Congress to censure one of its members
   
3. 
   a governor to send the National Guard to stop a riot
   
4. 
   state and Federal gov-ernments to levy and collect taxes
   

11. The United States Government is considered a federal system because

1. 
   the people elect national officials
   
2. 
   both national and state governments exist within the nation
   
3. 
   foreign policy is handled by state governments
   
4. 
   each state has equal represen-tation in the United States Senate
   

12. Antifederalists criticized the United States Constitution primarily because governing power was concentrated in the

1. 
   State legislatures
   
2. 
   President’s Cabinet
   
3. 
   delegates to the Constitutional Convention
   
4. 
   National Government
   

13. In the United States Government, members of the Cabinet are directly responsible to the

1. 
   Congress
   
2. 
   Senate
   
3. 
   Supreme Court
   
4. 
   President
   

14. The Supreme Court’s power of judicial review is a result of

1. 
   an order by the President
   
2. 
   the Court’s own interpretation of the Constitution
   
3. 
   a provision in the Bill of Rights
   
4. 
   the Court’s decision to hear appeals regarding taxation
   

15. During the debates over the ratification of the United States Constitution, Federalists and Anti-Federalists disagreed most strongly over the

1. 
   division of powers between the national and state governments
   
2. 
   provision for admitting new states to the Union
   
3. 
   distribution of power between the Senate and the House of Representatives
   
4. 
   method of amending the Constitution
   

16. "President Delivers State of the Union Address to Congress."
"President Mobilizes the National Guard To Quell Riots."
"President’s Appointee Will Enforce Federal Guidelines."

These headlines are evidence that the President of the United States

1. 
   has new added duties not specified in the original Constitution
   
2. 
   exercises nearly unlimited power under the United States governmental system
   
3. 
   has specific executive, legislative, and military powers
   
4. 
   must obtain congressional approval of most executive decisions
   

Unit III Expansion & Conflict