Semantics I acknowledgements
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- 2.4.1 Conceptual Meaning
| 2. 4 Seven Types of Meaning we have known that semantic is the study of meanings. Meaning comprise not one, but some kinds of meaning. Leech divides meaning into seven, they are called seven types of meanings, namely- conceptual meaning- connotative meaning- social meaning- affective meaning- reflective meaning- collocative meaning- thematic meaning 2.4.1 Conceptual Meaning Conceptual meaning is also called denotative or cognitive meaning. To make clear, it is worth nothing the two principles by Leech, the principles of contrastiveness and principle of structure. Contrastiveness which is treated in phonology, that is, the features a sounds possesses and the features it does not posses. If it has features it is said to be positive (+) and if it doesn’t, it is said to be negative (-). For example the phonetic symbol d has contrastive features as : + alveolar +voiced, + stop, -nasal : these features are also called binary features. In similar way we can also treat conceptual meaning in terms of contrastive features. As an examples, take the word girl, it has features as+ human, - male, -adult. We can also specify the word pen as having features -human, + concrete. SEMANTICS Page The principle of structure which gives the semantics of language in a syntactic structure, the smaller units built up the larger linguistic units, or the larger units are analyzed into constituents. This can be exhibited in tree diagram below: Sentence Subject Predicate Determiner Noun Verb Complement Determiner Noun No man is an Island (Leech, 1981: The sentence No man is an Island is broken into constituent parts of subject, predicate, determiner, noun, verb, complement, determiner, noun. If we examine this subdivision, we happen to know that it moves SEMANTICS Page from immediate constituents to its ultimate constituents. Thus the sentences can be diagrammed in which the constituent derives from the kernel or head, as the structural list proposed: Studying conceptual meaning from those two principles ; principle of contrastiveness and principle of structure means studying it in term of paradigmatic and syntagmatic. Therefore conceptual meaning is meaning by virtue of logical links, not by virtue of its links to the outside language as we will find in the other six types. Download 332.89 Kb. Share with your friends:
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