Sentence Structure

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\ə\ as a in abut
\a\ as a in ash
\ā\ as a in ace
\ä\ as o in mop
\aů\ as ou in out
\ch\ as ch in chin

\e\ as e in bet
\ē\ as ea in easy
\g\ as g in go
\i\ as i in hit
\ī\ as i in ice
\j\ as j in job
\[ng]\ as ng in sing
\ō\ as o in go

\o\ as aw in law
\oi\ as oy in boy
\th\ as th in thin
\th\ as th in the
\ü\ as oo in loot
\ů\ as oo in foot
\y\ as y in yet
\zh\ as si in vision

8. proj·ect

n. ('präj-"ekt)
1. A plan or proposal; a scheme.

v. (prə-'jekt) pro·ject·ed, pro·ject·ing, pro·jects
2. To extend forward or out; jut out:
3. To cause an image to appear on a surface.
4. In psychology, to externalize and attribute something, such as an emotion, to someone or something else.

According to the pronunciation key above, which word has the same "o" sound as found in the noun form of the word project?

loot

abut

mop

Reference Materials

Polyphenols

Polyphenols are found in phytochemical-rich foods such as red grapes, cranberries, broccoli, onions, honey, and several types of grains. The health benefits of these antioxidants have been studied by scientists for years, and research shows that people who ingest large amounts of polyphenols in their diets gain positive health benefits. Antioxidants work by reducing the adverse effects of free radicals, which have been linked to liver damage, Alzheimer's disease, and cancer. A few studies have suggested that when applied to the skin, polyphenols can slow the extrinsic signs of aging, such as wrinkles and age spots. These claims, however, have not been widely accepted by the medical community.

Alzheimer's disease — a disorder involving the progressive loss of mental functions due to brain tissue deterioration.

antioxidant — a molecule capable of slowing or preventing the oxidation of other molecules and acting against the effects of free radicals.

free radical — a highly reactive molecule that combines easily with other molecules and can cause damage to cells.

polyphenols — a group of chemical substances found in plants that protect against various common health problems and may reduce some effects of aging.

9. Which of these words from the passage would most likely be defined in the glossary for this book?

phytochemical

cranberries

benefits

community

Editing

Ways to Improve Your Memory

(1) Most people are concerned about losing their memory as they age. (2) There are a few simple ways for a person to improve his or her memory. (3) Techniques for improving your memory include playing games consuming antioxidants testing taking breaks and doing something new.

(4) One of the easiest and most fun ways to improve your memory is by playing games. (5) Spending a few minutes a day on solving a crossword puzzle or on some other challenge has shown benefits to memory. (6) There are a lot of companies that create games to improve specific areas and functions of the brain. (7) Happy Neuron and lumosity are companies that develop games focused on improving brain functions. (8) An American in paris is an online game by Happy Neuron that improves visual spatial memory.

(9) Another way to keep your memory sharp are to include antioxidants in your diet. (10) Research has shown that Vitamin C and Vitamin E are antioxidants that help your brain. (11) In one study, Vitamin E was shown to help prevent normal memory decline related to age. (12) In another study dementia patients showed some improvement after taking vitamins C and E. (13) Citrus and green, leafy vegetables contain Vitamin C. (14) Nuts, seeds, whole grains, and green, leafy vegetables contain Vitamin E.

(15) Taking breaks while studying increases your ability to remember the information. (16) Taking breaks gives your brain time to organize new information. (17) A fifteen-minute break after studying for 45 minutes can noticably improve retention of the material you are studying.

(18) Frequently testing what you know is also considered to be a good way to improve your memory. (19) Research has shown that students who test themselves while studying are better able to recall the information than students who do not. (20) Testing gives students the opportunity to see if they are able to answer correctly. (21) Students who do not test themselves do not receive the same feedback on their learning.

(22) Finally, doing something new and different is one of the best ways to improve your memory. (23) Engaging in a new activity creates new neuron pathways in the brain. (24) The brain sends and retrieves messages across neuron pathways, so the more pathways you have, the more you can remember. (25) You don't have to do anything extraordinary to create new neuron pathways. (26) Taking an unfamiliar route to the grocery store is a simple way to stimulate the brain. (27) Brushing your teeth with the opposite hand than you normally use is another way to create new neuron pathways in your brain.

10. How should sentence 17 be changed to correct the spelling error?

(17) A fifteen-minute break after studying for 45 minutes can noticably improve retention of the material you are studying.

change noticably to notisably

change noticably to noticeably

change noticably to notizably

change noticably to noticabley

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